Frequency locking of supermodes and stability of the out-of-phase-locked state in one-dimensional and two-dimensional arrays of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Abstract

In large arrays with equally pumped lasers the out-of-phase-locked state is a combination of several supermodes of the array that are locked to a common frequency. The far-field pattern is four lobed because the out-of-phase supermode is largely dominant. An approximated analytical expression for the locking threshold is found, and saturable dispersion is indicated as the physical mechanism that selects the out-of-phase-locked state.

© 1997 Optical Society of America

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