Abstract

Spectroscopic measurements on ⁴F_3/2−⁴I_11/2 and ⁴F_3/2−⁴I_9/2 transitions for a Nd³⁺-doped fiber laser demonstrated that the wavelength dependence of the relaxation oscillations provides a simple method to distinguish three-and four-level transition. Spectral analysis of relaxation oscillations in a tunable Er³⁺-doped fiber laser was performed at liquid-nitrogen temperature, and results were compared with measurements at room temperature. It was found that the relaxation oscillation frequency depends on the occupation of the terminal level and thus is directly related to the absorption cross section. Using this method, we show that laser transitions at λ > 1555 nm become four-level at T = 77 K.

© 1994 Optical Society of America

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