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Tight focusing and blue shifting of millijoule femtosecond pulses from a conical axicon amplifier

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Abstract

We focus millijoule femtosecond pulses to a spot radius of 2 μm after amplification free of phase-front distortion in a Nd:YAG-pumped conical axicon dye cell. Peak focal intensities reach 1016 W/cm2, creating an intense spark that is caused by air breakdown at the focus. Intensity-dependent blue shifts of the pulse spectrum as large as 11 nm are observed as a result of temporally asymmetric self-phase modulation in the air-breakdown plasma.

© 1988 Optical Society of America

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