Abstract

We present the first demonstration of a thin-disk laser based on the gain material Yb:GGG. This material has many desirable properties for the thin-disk geometry: a high thermal conductivity, which is nearly independent of the doping concentration, a low quantum defect, low-temperature growth, and a broadband absorption spectrum, making it a promising contender to the well-established Yb:YAG for high-power applications. In continuous wave laser operation, we demonstrate output powers above 50 W, which is an order of magnitude higher than previously achieved with this material in the bulk geometry. We compare this performance with an Yb:YAG disk under identical pumping conditions and find comparable output characteristics (with typical optical-to-optical slope efficiencies >66%). Additionally, with the help of finite-element-method simulations, we show the advantageous heat-removal capabilities of Yb:GGG compared to Yb:YAG, resulting in >50% lower thermal lensing for thin Yb:GGG disks compared to Yb:YAG disks. The equivalent optical performance of the two crystals in combination with the easy growth and the significant thermal benefits of Yb:GGG show the large potential of future high-power thin-disk amplifiers and lasers based on this material, both for industrial and scientific applications.

© 2017 Optical Society of America

Full Article  |  PDF Article

Corrections

25 July 2017: Minor corrections were made to Figs. 1–5.

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  32. K. Contag, M. Karszewski, C. Stewen, A. Giesen, and H. Hugel, “Theoretical modelling and experimental investigations of the diode-pumped thin-disk Yb:YAG laser,” Quantum Electron. 29(8), 697–703 (1999).
    [Crossref]
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    [Crossref]

2016 (2)

2015 (6)

C. J. Saraceno, F. Emaury, C. Schriber, A. Diebold, M. Hoffmann, M. Golling, T. Suedmeyer, and U. Keller, “Toward millijoule-level high-power ultrafast thin-disk oscillators,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 1, 1100318 (2015).

F. Emaury, A. Diebold, A. Klenner, C. J. Saraceno, S. Schilt, T. Südmeyer, and U. Keller, “Frequency comb offset dynamics of SESAM modelocked thin disk lasers,” Opt. Express 23(17), 21836–21856 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. Kränkel, “Rare-earth doped sesquioxides for diode-pumped high power lasers in the 1-, 2-, and 3-µm spectral range,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron. 21, 1602013 (2015).

P. Russbueldt, D. Hoffmann, M. Hoefer, J. Loehring, J. Luttmann, A. Meissner, J. Weitenberg, M. Traub, T. Sartorius, D. Esser, R. Wester, P. Loosen, and R. Poprawe, “Innoslab Amplifiers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(1), 3100117 (2015).
[Crossref]

V. Kuhn, T. Gottwald, C. Stolzenburg, S.-S. Schad, A. Killi, and T. Ryba, “Latest advances in high brightness disk lasers,” Proc. SPIE 9342, 93420Y (2015).
[Crossref]

J.-P. Negel, A. Loescher, A. Voss, D. Bauer, D. Sutter, A. Killi, M. A. Ahmed, and T. Graf, “Ultrafast thin-disk multipass laser amplifier delivering 1.4 kW (4.7 mJ, 1030 nm) average power converted to 820 W at 515 nm and 234 W at 343 nm,” Opt. Express 23(16), 21064–21077 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2014 (3)

M. N. Zervas and D. A. Codemard, “High power fiber lasers: a review,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 20(5), 0904123 (2014).
[Crossref]

K. S. Wentsch, B. Weichelt, S. Günster, F. Druon, P. Georges, M. A. Ahmed, and T. Graf, “Yb:CaF2 thin-disk laser,” Opt. Express 22(2), 1524–1532 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Radmard, S. Arabgari, and M. Shayganmanesh, “Optimization of Yb:YAG thin-disk-laser design parameters considering the pumping-light back-reflection,” Opt. Laser Technol. 63, 148–153 (2014).
[Crossref]

2013 (2)

2012 (1)

2011 (1)

2010 (2)

J. Petit, B. Viana, P. Goldner, J.-P. Roger, and D. Fournier, “Thermomechanical properties of Yb3+ doped laser crystals: Experiments and modeling,” J. Appl. Phys. 108(12), 123108 (2010).
[Crossref]

K. Beil, S. T. Fredrich-Thornton, F. Tellkamp, R. Peters, C. Kränkel, K. Petermann, and G. Huber, “Thermal and laser properties of Yb:LuAG for kW thin disk lasers,” Opt. Express 18(20), 20712–20722 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2008 (1)

M. Javadi-Dashcasan, F. Hajiesmaeilbaigi, H. Razzaghi, M. Mahdizadeh, and M. Moghadam, “Optimizing the Yb:YAG thin disc laser design parameters,” Opt. Commun. 281(18), 4753–4757 (2008).
[Crossref]

2007 (1)

D. Fagundes-Peters, N. Martynyuk, K. Lunstedt, V. Peters, K. Petermann, G. Huber, S. Basun, V. Laguta, and A. Hofstaetter, “High quantum efficiency YbAG-crystals,” J. Lumin. 125(1-2), 238–247 (2007).
[Crossref]

2005 (1)

Y. Guyot, H. Canibano, C. Goutaudier, A. Novoselov, A. Yoshikawa, T. Fukuda, and G. Boulon, “Yb3+-doped Gd3Ga5O12 garnet single crystals grown by the micro-pulling down technique for laser application. Part 1: Spectroscopic properties and assignment of energy levels,” Opt. Mater. 27(11), 1658–1663 (2005).
[Crossref]

2004 (2)

S. Chenais, F. Balembois, F. Druon, G. Lucas-Leclin, and P. Georges, “Thermal lensing in diode-pumped ytterbium lasers - Part I: Theoretical analysis and wavefront measurements,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 40(9), 1217–1234 (2004).
[Crossref]

S. Chenais, F. Balembois, F. Druon, G. Lucas Leclin, and P. Georges, “Thermal lensing in diode-pumped ytterbium lasers - part II: evaluation of quantum efficiencies and thermo-optic coefficients,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 40(9), 1235–1243 (2004).
[Crossref]

2003 (3)

R. Gaumé, B. Viana, D. Vivien, J.-P. Roger, and D. Fournier, “A simple model for the prediction of thermal conductivity in pure and doped insulating crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(7), 1355–1357 (2003).
[Crossref]

S. Chénais, F. Druon, F. Balembois, P. Georges, A. Brenier, and G. Boulon, “Diode-pumped Yb:GGG laser: comparison with Yb:YAG,” Opt. Mater. 22(2), 99–106 (2003).
[Crossref]

J. Dong, M. Bass, Y. Mao, P. Deng, and F. Gan, “Dependence of the Yb3+ emission cross section and lifetime on temperature and concentration in yttrium aluminum garnet,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 20(9), 1975–1979 (2003).
[Crossref]

2001 (1)

F. D. Patel, E. C. Honea, J. Speth, S. A. Payne, R. Hutcheson, and R. Equall, “Laser demonstration of Yb3Al5O12 (YbAG) and materials properties of highly doped Yb:YAG,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 37(1), 135–144 (2001).
[Crossref]

2000 (1)

C. Stewen, K. Contag, M. Larionov, A. Giesen, and H. Hugel, “A 1-kW CW thin disc laser,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 6(4), 650–657 (2000).
[Crossref]

1999 (1)

K. Contag, M. Karszewski, C. Stewen, A. Giesen, and H. Hugel, “Theoretical modelling and experimental investigations of the diode-pumped thin-disk Yb:YAG laser,” Quantum Electron. 29(8), 697–703 (1999).
[Crossref]

1997 (1)

A. Ellens, H. Andres, M. L. H. ter Heerdt, R. T. Wegh, A. Meijerink, and G. Blasse, “Spectral-line-broadening study of the trivalent lanthanide-ion series. II. The variation of the electron-phonon coupling strength through the series,” Phys. Rev. B 55(1), 180–186 (1997).
[Crossref]

1994 (1)

A. Giesen, H. Hügel, A. Voss, K. Wittig, U. Brauch, and H. Opower, “Scalable concept for diode-pumped high-power solid-state lasers,” Appl. Phys. B 58(5), 365–372 (1994).
[Crossref]

1993 (1)

T. Y. Fan, “Heat Generation in Nd:YAG and Yb:YAG,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29(6), 1457–1459 (1993).
[Crossref]

1991 (1)

Aggarwal, R. L.

Ahmed, M. A.

Andres, H.

A. Ellens, H. Andres, M. L. H. ter Heerdt, R. T. Wegh, A. Meijerink, and G. Blasse, “Spectral-line-broadening study of the trivalent lanthanide-ion series. II. The variation of the electron-phonon coupling strength through the series,” Phys. Rev. B 55(1), 180–186 (1997).
[Crossref]

Arabgari, S.

S. Radmard, S. Arabgari, and M. Shayganmanesh, “Optimization of Yb:YAG thin-disk-laser design parameters considering the pumping-light back-reflection,” Opt. Laser Technol. 63, 148–153 (2014).
[Crossref]

Balembois, F.

S. Chenais, F. Balembois, F. Druon, G. Lucas-Leclin, and P. Georges, “Thermal lensing in diode-pumped ytterbium lasers - Part I: Theoretical analysis and wavefront measurements,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 40(9), 1217–1234 (2004).
[Crossref]

S. Chenais, F. Balembois, F. Druon, G. Lucas Leclin, and P. Georges, “Thermal lensing in diode-pumped ytterbium lasers - part II: evaluation of quantum efficiencies and thermo-optic coefficients,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 40(9), 1235–1243 (2004).
[Crossref]

S. Chénais, F. Druon, F. Balembois, P. Georges, A. Brenier, and G. Boulon, “Diode-pumped Yb:GGG laser: comparison with Yb:YAG,” Opt. Mater. 22(2), 99–106 (2003).
[Crossref]

Bass, M.

Basun, S.

D. Fagundes-Peters, N. Martynyuk, K. Lunstedt, V. Peters, K. Petermann, G. Huber, S. Basun, V. Laguta, and A. Hofstaetter, “High quantum efficiency YbAG-crystals,” J. Lumin. 125(1-2), 238–247 (2007).
[Crossref]

Bauer, D.

Beil, K.

Blasse, G.

A. Ellens, H. Andres, M. L. H. ter Heerdt, R. T. Wegh, A. Meijerink, and G. Blasse, “Spectral-line-broadening study of the trivalent lanthanide-ion series. II. The variation of the electron-phonon coupling strength through the series,” Phys. Rev. B 55(1), 180–186 (1997).
[Crossref]

Boulon, G.

Y. Guyot, H. Canibano, C. Goutaudier, A. Novoselov, A. Yoshikawa, T. Fukuda, and G. Boulon, “Yb3+-doped Gd3Ga5O12 garnet single crystals grown by the micro-pulling down technique for laser application. Part 1: Spectroscopic properties and assignment of energy levels,” Opt. Mater. 27(11), 1658–1663 (2005).
[Crossref]

S. Chénais, F. Druon, F. Balembois, P. Georges, A. Brenier, and G. Boulon, “Diode-pumped Yb:GGG laser: comparison with Yb:YAG,” Opt. Mater. 22(2), 99–106 (2003).
[Crossref]

Brauch, U.

A. Giesen, H. Hügel, A. Voss, K. Wittig, U. Brauch, and H. Opower, “Scalable concept for diode-pumped high-power solid-state lasers,” Appl. Phys. B 58(5), 365–372 (1994).
[Crossref]

Brenier, A.

S. Chénais, F. Druon, F. Balembois, P. Georges, A. Brenier, and G. Boulon, “Diode-pumped Yb:GGG laser: comparison with Yb:YAG,” Opt. Mater. 22(2), 99–106 (2003).
[Crossref]

Brons, J.

Canibano, H.

Y. Guyot, H. Canibano, C. Goutaudier, A. Novoselov, A. Yoshikawa, T. Fukuda, and G. Boulon, “Yb3+-doped Gd3Ga5O12 garnet single crystals grown by the micro-pulling down technique for laser application. Part 1: Spectroscopic properties and assignment of energy levels,” Opt. Mater. 27(11), 1658–1663 (2005).
[Crossref]

Chen, X.

Chenais, S.

S. Chenais, F. Balembois, F. Druon, G. Lucas-Leclin, and P. Georges, “Thermal lensing in diode-pumped ytterbium lasers - Part I: Theoretical analysis and wavefront measurements,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 40(9), 1217–1234 (2004).
[Crossref]

S. Chenais, F. Balembois, F. Druon, G. Lucas Leclin, and P. Georges, “Thermal lensing in diode-pumped ytterbium lasers - part II: evaluation of quantum efficiencies and thermo-optic coefficients,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 40(9), 1235–1243 (2004).
[Crossref]

Chénais, S.

S. Chénais, F. Druon, F. Balembois, P. Georges, A. Brenier, and G. Boulon, “Diode-pumped Yb:GGG laser: comparison with Yb:YAG,” Opt. Mater. 22(2), 99–106 (2003).
[Crossref]

Choi, H. K.

Codemard, D. A.

M. N. Zervas and D. A. Codemard, “High power fiber lasers: a review,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 20(5), 0904123 (2014).
[Crossref]

Contag, K.

C. Stewen, K. Contag, M. Larionov, A. Giesen, and H. Hugel, “A 1-kW CW thin disc laser,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 6(4), 650–657 (2000).
[Crossref]

K. Contag, M. Karszewski, C. Stewen, A. Giesen, and H. Hugel, “Theoretical modelling and experimental investigations of the diode-pumped thin-disk Yb:YAG laser,” Quantum Electron. 29(8), 697–703 (1999).
[Crossref]

Dai, Q.

Deng, P.

Diebold, A.

C. J. Saraceno, F. Emaury, C. Schriber, A. Diebold, M. Hoffmann, M. Golling, T. Suedmeyer, and U. Keller, “Toward millijoule-level high-power ultrafast thin-disk oscillators,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 1, 1100318 (2015).

F. Emaury, A. Diebold, A. Klenner, C. J. Saraceno, S. Schilt, T. Südmeyer, and U. Keller, “Frequency comb offset dynamics of SESAM modelocked thin disk lasers,” Opt. Express 23(17), 21836–21856 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Dong, J.

Druon, F.

K. S. Wentsch, B. Weichelt, S. Günster, F. Druon, P. Georges, M. A. Ahmed, and T. Graf, “Yb:CaF2 thin-disk laser,” Opt. Express 22(2), 1524–1532 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Chenais, F. Balembois, F. Druon, G. Lucas-Leclin, and P. Georges, “Thermal lensing in diode-pumped ytterbium lasers - Part I: Theoretical analysis and wavefront measurements,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 40(9), 1217–1234 (2004).
[Crossref]

S. Chenais, F. Balembois, F. Druon, G. Lucas Leclin, and P. Georges, “Thermal lensing in diode-pumped ytterbium lasers - part II: evaluation of quantum efficiencies and thermo-optic coefficients,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 40(9), 1235–1243 (2004).
[Crossref]

S. Chénais, F. Druon, F. Balembois, P. Georges, A. Brenier, and G. Boulon, “Diode-pumped Yb:GGG laser: comparison with Yb:YAG,” Opt. Mater. 22(2), 99–106 (2003).
[Crossref]

Ellens, A.

A. Ellens, H. Andres, M. L. H. ter Heerdt, R. T. Wegh, A. Meijerink, and G. Blasse, “Spectral-line-broadening study of the trivalent lanthanide-ion series. II. The variation of the electron-phonon coupling strength through the series,” Phys. Rev. B 55(1), 180–186 (1997).
[Crossref]

Emaury, F.

C. J. Saraceno, F. Emaury, C. Schriber, A. Diebold, M. Hoffmann, M. Golling, T. Suedmeyer, and U. Keller, “Toward millijoule-level high-power ultrafast thin-disk oscillators,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 1, 1100318 (2015).

F. Emaury, A. Diebold, A. Klenner, C. J. Saraceno, S. Schilt, T. Südmeyer, and U. Keller, “Frequency comb offset dynamics of SESAM modelocked thin disk lasers,” Opt. Express 23(17), 21836–21856 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Equall, R.

F. D. Patel, E. C. Honea, J. Speth, S. A. Payne, R. Hutcheson, and R. Equall, “Laser demonstration of Yb3Al5O12 (YbAG) and materials properties of highly doped Yb:YAG,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 37(1), 135–144 (2001).
[Crossref]

Esser, D.

P. Russbueldt, D. Hoffmann, M. Hoefer, J. Loehring, J. Luttmann, A. Meissner, J. Weitenberg, M. Traub, T. Sartorius, D. Esser, R. Wester, P. Loosen, and R. Poprawe, “Innoslab Amplifiers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(1), 3100117 (2015).
[Crossref]

Fagundes-Peters, D.

D. Fagundes-Peters, N. Martynyuk, K. Lunstedt, V. Peters, K. Petermann, G. Huber, S. Basun, V. Laguta, and A. Hofstaetter, “High quantum efficiency YbAG-crystals,” J. Lumin. 125(1-2), 238–247 (2007).
[Crossref]

Fan, T. Y.

Fournier, D.

J. Petit, B. Viana, P. Goldner, J.-P. Roger, and D. Fournier, “Thermomechanical properties of Yb3+ doped laser crystals: Experiments and modeling,” J. Appl. Phys. 108(12), 123108 (2010).
[Crossref]

R. Gaumé, B. Viana, D. Vivien, J.-P. Roger, and D. Fournier, “A simple model for the prediction of thermal conductivity in pure and doped insulating crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(7), 1355–1357 (2003).
[Crossref]

Fredrich-Thornton, S. T.

Fukuda, T.

Y. Guyot, H. Canibano, C. Goutaudier, A. Novoselov, A. Yoshikawa, T. Fukuda, and G. Boulon, “Yb3+-doped Gd3Ga5O12 garnet single crystals grown by the micro-pulling down technique for laser application. Part 1: Spectroscopic properties and assignment of energy levels,” Opt. Mater. 27(11), 1658–1663 (2005).
[Crossref]

Gan, F.

Gaumé, R.

R. Gaumé, B. Viana, D. Vivien, J.-P. Roger, and D. Fournier, “A simple model for the prediction of thermal conductivity in pure and doped insulating crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(7), 1355–1357 (2003).
[Crossref]

Georges, P.

K. S. Wentsch, B. Weichelt, S. Günster, F. Druon, P. Georges, M. A. Ahmed, and T. Graf, “Yb:CaF2 thin-disk laser,” Opt. Express 22(2), 1524–1532 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Chenais, F. Balembois, F. Druon, G. Lucas-Leclin, and P. Georges, “Thermal lensing in diode-pumped ytterbium lasers - Part I: Theoretical analysis and wavefront measurements,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 40(9), 1217–1234 (2004).
[Crossref]

S. Chenais, F. Balembois, F. Druon, G. Lucas Leclin, and P. Georges, “Thermal lensing in diode-pumped ytterbium lasers - part II: evaluation of quantum efficiencies and thermo-optic coefficients,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 40(9), 1235–1243 (2004).
[Crossref]

S. Chénais, F. Druon, F. Balembois, P. Georges, A. Brenier, and G. Boulon, “Diode-pumped Yb:GGG laser: comparison with Yb:YAG,” Opt. Mater. 22(2), 99–106 (2003).
[Crossref]

Giesen, A.

C. Stewen, K. Contag, M. Larionov, A. Giesen, and H. Hugel, “A 1-kW CW thin disc laser,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 6(4), 650–657 (2000).
[Crossref]

K. Contag, M. Karszewski, C. Stewen, A. Giesen, and H. Hugel, “Theoretical modelling and experimental investigations of the diode-pumped thin-disk Yb:YAG laser,” Quantum Electron. 29(8), 697–703 (1999).
[Crossref]

A. Giesen, H. Hügel, A. Voss, K. Wittig, U. Brauch, and H. Opower, “Scalable concept for diode-pumped high-power solid-state lasers,” Appl. Phys. B 58(5), 365–372 (1994).
[Crossref]

Goldner, P.

J. Petit, B. Viana, P. Goldner, J.-P. Roger, and D. Fournier, “Thermomechanical properties of Yb3+ doped laser crystals: Experiments and modeling,” J. Appl. Phys. 108(12), 123108 (2010).
[Crossref]

Golling, M.

C. J. Saraceno, F. Emaury, C. Schriber, A. Diebold, M. Hoffmann, M. Golling, T. Suedmeyer, and U. Keller, “Toward millijoule-level high-power ultrafast thin-disk oscillators,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 1, 1100318 (2015).

Gottwald, T.

V. Kuhn, T. Gottwald, C. Stolzenburg, S.-S. Schad, A. Killi, and T. Ryba, “Latest advances in high brightness disk lasers,” Proc. SPIE 9342, 93420Y (2015).
[Crossref]

Goutaudier, C.

Y. Guyot, H. Canibano, C. Goutaudier, A. Novoselov, A. Yoshikawa, T. Fukuda, and G. Boulon, “Yb3+-doped Gd3Ga5O12 garnet single crystals grown by the micro-pulling down technique for laser application. Part 1: Spectroscopic properties and assignment of energy levels,” Opt. Mater. 27(11), 1658–1663 (2005).
[Crossref]

Graf, T.

Gross, A.

Günster, S.

Guyot, Y.

Y. Guyot, H. Canibano, C. Goutaudier, A. Novoselov, A. Yoshikawa, T. Fukuda, and G. Boulon, “Yb3+-doped Gd3Ga5O12 garnet single crystals grown by the micro-pulling down technique for laser application. Part 1: Spectroscopic properties and assignment of energy levels,” Opt. Mater. 27(11), 1658–1663 (2005).
[Crossref]

Hajiesmaeilbaigi, F.

M. Javadi-Dashcasan, F. Hajiesmaeilbaigi, H. Razzaghi, M. Mahdizadeh, and M. Moghadam, “Optimizing the Yb:YAG thin disc laser design parameters,” Opt. Commun. 281(18), 4753–4757 (2008).
[Crossref]

Han, W.

Hoefer, M.

P. Russbueldt, D. Hoffmann, M. Hoefer, J. Loehring, J. Luttmann, A. Meissner, J. Weitenberg, M. Traub, T. Sartorius, D. Esser, R. Wester, P. Loosen, and R. Poprawe, “Innoslab Amplifiers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(1), 3100117 (2015).
[Crossref]

Hoffmann, D.

P. Russbueldt, D. Hoffmann, M. Hoefer, J. Loehring, J. Luttmann, A. Meissner, J. Weitenberg, M. Traub, T. Sartorius, D. Esser, R. Wester, P. Loosen, and R. Poprawe, “Innoslab Amplifiers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(1), 3100117 (2015).
[Crossref]

Hoffmann, M.

C. J. Saraceno, F. Emaury, C. Schriber, A. Diebold, M. Hoffmann, M. Golling, T. Suedmeyer, and U. Keller, “Toward millijoule-level high-power ultrafast thin-disk oscillators,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 1, 1100318 (2015).

Hofstaetter, A.

D. Fagundes-Peters, N. Martynyuk, K. Lunstedt, V. Peters, K. Petermann, G. Huber, S. Basun, V. Laguta, and A. Hofstaetter, “High quantum efficiency YbAG-crystals,” J. Lumin. 125(1-2), 238–247 (2007).
[Crossref]

Honea, E. C.

F. D. Patel, E. C. Honea, J. Speth, S. A. Payne, R. Hutcheson, and R. Equall, “Laser demonstration of Yb3Al5O12 (YbAG) and materials properties of highly doped Yb:YAG,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 37(1), 135–144 (2001).
[Crossref]

Huber, G.

K. Beil, S. T. Fredrich-Thornton, F. Tellkamp, R. Peters, C. Kränkel, K. Petermann, and G. Huber, “Thermal and laser properties of Yb:LuAG for kW thin disk lasers,” Opt. Express 18(20), 20712–20722 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Fagundes-Peters, N. Martynyuk, K. Lunstedt, V. Peters, K. Petermann, G. Huber, S. Basun, V. Laguta, and A. Hofstaetter, “High quantum efficiency YbAG-crystals,” J. Lumin. 125(1-2), 238–247 (2007).
[Crossref]

Hugel, H.

C. Stewen, K. Contag, M. Larionov, A. Giesen, and H. Hugel, “A 1-kW CW thin disc laser,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 6(4), 650–657 (2000).
[Crossref]

K. Contag, M. Karszewski, C. Stewen, A. Giesen, and H. Hugel, “Theoretical modelling and experimental investigations of the diode-pumped thin-disk Yb:YAG laser,” Quantum Electron. 29(8), 697–703 (1999).
[Crossref]

Hügel, H.

A. Giesen, H. Hügel, A. Voss, K. Wittig, U. Brauch, and H. Opower, “Scalable concept for diode-pumped high-power solid-state lasers,” Appl. Phys. B 58(5), 365–372 (1994).
[Crossref]

Hutcheson, R.

F. D. Patel, E. C. Honea, J. Speth, S. A. Payne, R. Hutcheson, and R. Equall, “Laser demonstration of Yb3Al5O12 (YbAG) and materials properties of highly doped Yb:YAG,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 37(1), 135–144 (2001).
[Crossref]

Javadi-Dashcasan, M.

M. Javadi-Dashcasan, F. Hajiesmaeilbaigi, H. Razzaghi, M. Mahdizadeh, and M. Moghadam, “Optimizing the Yb:YAG thin disc laser design parameters,” Opt. Commun. 281(18), 4753–4757 (2008).
[Crossref]

Karszewski, M.

K. Contag, M. Karszewski, C. Stewen, A. Giesen, and H. Hugel, “Theoretical modelling and experimental investigations of the diode-pumped thin-disk Yb:YAG laser,” Quantum Electron. 29(8), 697–703 (1999).
[Crossref]

Keller, U.

C. J. Saraceno, F. Emaury, C. Schriber, A. Diebold, M. Hoffmann, M. Golling, T. Suedmeyer, and U. Keller, “Toward millijoule-level high-power ultrafast thin-disk oscillators,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 1, 1100318 (2015).

F. Emaury, A. Diebold, A. Klenner, C. J. Saraceno, S. Schilt, T. Südmeyer, and U. Keller, “Frequency comb offset dynamics of SESAM modelocked thin disk lasers,” Opt. Express 23(17), 21836–21856 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Killi, A.

Klenner, A.

Kränkel, C.

C. Kränkel, “Rare-earth doped sesquioxides for diode-pumped high power lasers in the 1-, 2-, and 3-µm spectral range,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron. 21, 1602013 (2015).

K. Beil, S. T. Fredrich-Thornton, F. Tellkamp, R. Peters, C. Kränkel, K. Petermann, and G. Huber, “Thermal and laser properties of Yb:LuAG for kW thin disk lasers,” Opt. Express 18(20), 20712–20722 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Krausz, F.

Kuhn, V.

V. Kuhn, T. Gottwald, C. Stolzenburg, S.-S. Schad, A. Killi, and T. Ryba, “Latest advances in high brightness disk lasers,” Proc. SPIE 9342, 93420Y (2015).
[Crossref]

Lacovara, P.

Laguta, V.

D. Fagundes-Peters, N. Martynyuk, K. Lunstedt, V. Peters, K. Petermann, G. Huber, S. Basun, V. Laguta, and A. Hofstaetter, “High quantum efficiency YbAG-crystals,” J. Lumin. 125(1-2), 238–247 (2007).
[Crossref]

Lange, R.

Larionov, M.

C. Stewen, K. Contag, M. Larionov, A. Giesen, and H. Hugel, “A 1-kW CW thin disc laser,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 6(4), 650–657 (2000).
[Crossref]

Liu, J.

Loehring, J.

P. Russbueldt, D. Hoffmann, M. Hoefer, J. Loehring, J. Luttmann, A. Meissner, J. Weitenberg, M. Traub, T. Sartorius, D. Esser, R. Wester, P. Loosen, and R. Poprawe, “Innoslab Amplifiers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(1), 3100117 (2015).
[Crossref]

Loescher, A.

Loosen, P.

P. Russbueldt, D. Hoffmann, M. Hoefer, J. Loehring, J. Luttmann, A. Meissner, J. Weitenberg, M. Traub, T. Sartorius, D. Esser, R. Wester, P. Loosen, and R. Poprawe, “Innoslab Amplifiers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(1), 3100117 (2015).
[Crossref]

Lucas Leclin, G.

S. Chenais, F. Balembois, F. Druon, G. Lucas Leclin, and P. Georges, “Thermal lensing in diode-pumped ytterbium lasers - part II: evaluation of quantum efficiencies and thermo-optic coefficients,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 40(9), 1235–1243 (2004).
[Crossref]

Lucas-Leclin, G.

S. Chenais, F. Balembois, F. Druon, G. Lucas-Leclin, and P. Georges, “Thermal lensing in diode-pumped ytterbium lasers - Part I: Theoretical analysis and wavefront measurements,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 40(9), 1217–1234 (2004).
[Crossref]

Lunstedt, K.

D. Fagundes-Peters, N. Martynyuk, K. Lunstedt, V. Peters, K. Petermann, G. Huber, S. Basun, V. Laguta, and A. Hofstaetter, “High quantum efficiency YbAG-crystals,” J. Lumin. 125(1-2), 238–247 (2007).
[Crossref]

Luttmann, J.

P. Russbueldt, D. Hoffmann, M. Hoefer, J. Loehring, J. Luttmann, A. Meissner, J. Weitenberg, M. Traub, T. Sartorius, D. Esser, R. Wester, P. Loosen, and R. Poprawe, “Innoslab Amplifiers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(1), 3100117 (2015).
[Crossref]

Mahdizadeh, M.

M. Javadi-Dashcasan, F. Hajiesmaeilbaigi, H. Razzaghi, M. Mahdizadeh, and M. Moghadam, “Optimizing the Yb:YAG thin disc laser design parameters,” Opt. Commun. 281(18), 4753–4757 (2008).
[Crossref]

Major, Z.

Mao, Y.

Martynyuk, N.

D. Fagundes-Peters, N. Martynyuk, K. Lunstedt, V. Peters, K. Petermann, G. Huber, S. Basun, V. Laguta, and A. Hofstaetter, “High quantum efficiency YbAG-crystals,” J. Lumin. 125(1-2), 238–247 (2007).
[Crossref]

Meijerink, A.

A. Ellens, H. Andres, M. L. H. ter Heerdt, R. T. Wegh, A. Meijerink, and G. Blasse, “Spectral-line-broadening study of the trivalent lanthanide-ion series. II. The variation of the electron-phonon coupling strength through the series,” Phys. Rev. B 55(1), 180–186 (1997).
[Crossref]

Meissner, A.

P. Russbueldt, D. Hoffmann, M. Hoefer, J. Loehring, J. Luttmann, A. Meissner, J. Weitenberg, M. Traub, T. Sartorius, D. Esser, R. Wester, P. Loosen, and R. Poprawe, “Innoslab Amplifiers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(1), 3100117 (2015).
[Crossref]

Metzger, T.

Moghadam, M.

M. Javadi-Dashcasan, F. Hajiesmaeilbaigi, H. Razzaghi, M. Mahdizadeh, and M. Moghadam, “Optimizing the Yb:YAG thin disc laser design parameters,” Opt. Commun. 281(18), 4753–4757 (2008).
[Crossref]

Negel, J.-P.

Novoselov, A.

Y. Guyot, H. Canibano, C. Goutaudier, A. Novoselov, A. Yoshikawa, T. Fukuda, and G. Boulon, “Yb3+-doped Gd3Ga5O12 garnet single crystals grown by the micro-pulling down technique for laser application. Part 1: Spectroscopic properties and assignment of energy levels,” Opt. Mater. 27(11), 1658–1663 (2005).
[Crossref]

Nubbemeyer, T.

Opower, H.

A. Giesen, H. Hügel, A. Voss, K. Wittig, U. Brauch, and H. Opower, “Scalable concept for diode-pumped high-power solid-state lasers,” Appl. Phys. B 58(5), 365–372 (1994).
[Crossref]

Patel, F. D.

F. D. Patel, E. C. Honea, J. Speth, S. A. Payne, R. Hutcheson, and R. Equall, “Laser demonstration of Yb3Al5O12 (YbAG) and materials properties of highly doped Yb:YAG,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 37(1), 135–144 (2001).
[Crossref]

Payne, S. A.

F. D. Patel, E. C. Honea, J. Speth, S. A. Payne, R. Hutcheson, and R. Equall, “Laser demonstration of Yb3Al5O12 (YbAG) and materials properties of highly doped Yb:YAG,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 37(1), 135–144 (2001).
[Crossref]

Pervak, V.

Petermann, K.

K. Beil, S. T. Fredrich-Thornton, F. Tellkamp, R. Peters, C. Kränkel, K. Petermann, and G. Huber, “Thermal and laser properties of Yb:LuAG for kW thin disk lasers,” Opt. Express 18(20), 20712–20722 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Fagundes-Peters, N. Martynyuk, K. Lunstedt, V. Peters, K. Petermann, G. Huber, S. Basun, V. Laguta, and A. Hofstaetter, “High quantum efficiency YbAG-crystals,” J. Lumin. 125(1-2), 238–247 (2007).
[Crossref]

Peters, R.

Peters, V.

D. Fagundes-Peters, N. Martynyuk, K. Lunstedt, V. Peters, K. Petermann, G. Huber, S. Basun, V. Laguta, and A. Hofstaetter, “High quantum efficiency YbAG-crystals,” J. Lumin. 125(1-2), 238–247 (2007).
[Crossref]

Petit, J.

J. Petit, B. Viana, P. Goldner, J.-P. Roger, and D. Fournier, “Thermomechanical properties of Yb3+ doped laser crystals: Experiments and modeling,” J. Appl. Phys. 108(12), 123108 (2010).
[Crossref]

Pleyer, T.

Poprawe, R.

P. Russbueldt, D. Hoffmann, M. Hoefer, J. Loehring, J. Luttmann, A. Meissner, J. Weitenberg, M. Traub, T. Sartorius, D. Esser, R. Wester, P. Loosen, and R. Poprawe, “Innoslab Amplifiers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(1), 3100117 (2015).
[Crossref]

Pronin, O.

Radmard, S.

S. Radmard, S. Arabgari, and M. Shayganmanesh, “Optimization of Yb:YAG thin-disk-laser design parameters considering the pumping-light back-reflection,” Opt. Laser Technol. 63, 148–153 (2014).
[Crossref]

Razzaghi, H.

M. Javadi-Dashcasan, F. Hajiesmaeilbaigi, H. Razzaghi, M. Mahdizadeh, and M. Moghadam, “Optimizing the Yb:YAG thin disc laser design parameters,” Opt. Commun. 281(18), 4753–4757 (2008).
[Crossref]

Roger, J.-P.

J. Petit, B. Viana, P. Goldner, J.-P. Roger, and D. Fournier, “Thermomechanical properties of Yb3+ doped laser crystals: Experiments and modeling,” J. Appl. Phys. 108(12), 123108 (2010).
[Crossref]

R. Gaumé, B. Viana, D. Vivien, J.-P. Roger, and D. Fournier, “A simple model for the prediction of thermal conductivity in pure and doped insulating crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(7), 1355–1357 (2003).
[Crossref]

Rumpel, M.

Russbueldt, P.

P. Russbueldt, D. Hoffmann, M. Hoefer, J. Loehring, J. Luttmann, A. Meissner, J. Weitenberg, M. Traub, T. Sartorius, D. Esser, R. Wester, P. Loosen, and R. Poprawe, “Innoslab Amplifiers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(1), 3100117 (2015).
[Crossref]

Ryba, T.

V. Kuhn, T. Gottwald, C. Stolzenburg, S.-S. Schad, A. Killi, and T. Ryba, “Latest advances in high brightness disk lasers,” Proc. SPIE 9342, 93420Y (2015).
[Crossref]

Rytz, D.

Saraceno, C. J.

F. Emaury, A. Diebold, A. Klenner, C. J. Saraceno, S. Schilt, T. Südmeyer, and U. Keller, “Frequency comb offset dynamics of SESAM modelocked thin disk lasers,” Opt. Express 23(17), 21836–21856 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C. J. Saraceno, F. Emaury, C. Schriber, A. Diebold, M. Hoffmann, M. Golling, T. Suedmeyer, and U. Keller, “Toward millijoule-level high-power ultrafast thin-disk oscillators,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 1, 1100318 (2015).

Sartorius, T.

P. Russbueldt, D. Hoffmann, M. Hoefer, J. Loehring, J. Luttmann, A. Meissner, J. Weitenberg, M. Traub, T. Sartorius, D. Esser, R. Wester, P. Loosen, and R. Poprawe, “Innoslab Amplifiers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(1), 3100117 (2015).
[Crossref]

Schad, S.-S.

V. Kuhn, T. Gottwald, C. Stolzenburg, S.-S. Schad, A. Killi, and T. Ryba, “Latest advances in high brightness disk lasers,” Proc. SPIE 9342, 93420Y (2015).
[Crossref]

Schilt, S.

Schriber, C.

C. J. Saraceno, F. Emaury, C. Schriber, A. Diebold, M. Hoffmann, M. Golling, T. Suedmeyer, and U. Keller, “Toward millijoule-level high-power ultrafast thin-disk oscillators,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 1, 1100318 (2015).

Shang, J.

Shayganmanesh, M.

S. Radmard, S. Arabgari, and M. Shayganmanesh, “Optimization of Yb:YAG thin-disk-laser design parameters considering the pumping-light back-reflection,” Opt. Laser Technol. 63, 148–153 (2014).
[Crossref]

Speth, J.

F. D. Patel, E. C. Honea, J. Speth, S. A. Payne, R. Hutcheson, and R. Equall, “Laser demonstration of Yb3Al5O12 (YbAG) and materials properties of highly doped Yb:YAG,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 37(1), 135–144 (2001).
[Crossref]

Stewen, C.

C. Stewen, K. Contag, M. Larionov, A. Giesen, and H. Hugel, “A 1-kW CW thin disc laser,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 6(4), 650–657 (2000).
[Crossref]

K. Contag, M. Karszewski, C. Stewen, A. Giesen, and H. Hugel, “Theoretical modelling and experimental investigations of the diode-pumped thin-disk Yb:YAG laser,” Quantum Electron. 29(8), 697–703 (1999).
[Crossref]

Stolzenburg, C.

V. Kuhn, T. Gottwald, C. Stolzenburg, S.-S. Schad, A. Killi, and T. Ryba, “Latest advances in high brightness disk lasers,” Proc. SPIE 9342, 93420Y (2015).
[Crossref]

Südmeyer, T.

Suedmeyer, T.

C. J. Saraceno, F. Emaury, C. Schriber, A. Diebold, M. Hoffmann, M. Golling, T. Suedmeyer, and U. Keller, “Toward millijoule-level high-power ultrafast thin-disk oscillators,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 1, 1100318 (2015).

Sutter, D.

Tellkamp, F.

ter Heerdt, M. L. H.

A. Ellens, H. Andres, M. L. H. ter Heerdt, R. T. Wegh, A. Meijerink, and G. Blasse, “Spectral-line-broadening study of the trivalent lanthanide-ion series. II. The variation of the electron-phonon coupling strength through the series,” Phys. Rev. B 55(1), 180–186 (1997).
[Crossref]

Traub, M.

P. Russbueldt, D. Hoffmann, M. Hoefer, J. Loehring, J. Luttmann, A. Meissner, J. Weitenberg, M. Traub, T. Sartorius, D. Esser, R. Wester, P. Loosen, and R. Poprawe, “Innoslab Amplifiers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 21(1), 3100117 (2015).
[Crossref]

Ueffing, M.

Viana, B.

J. Petit, B. Viana, P. Goldner, J.-P. Roger, and D. Fournier, “Thermomechanical properties of Yb3+ doped laser crystals: Experiments and modeling,” J. Appl. Phys. 108(12), 123108 (2010).
[Crossref]

R. Gaumé, B. Viana, D. Vivien, J.-P. Roger, and D. Fournier, “A simple model for the prediction of thermal conductivity in pure and doped insulating crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(7), 1355–1357 (2003).
[Crossref]

Vivien, D.

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Figures (5)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 (a) Absorption and (b) emission cross sections of Yb:GGG [24] in comparison with Yb:YAG [1].

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 (a) Yb(11.9 at.%):GGG thin disk after contacting onto the diamond heat sink. (b) Several scratches were introduced to our Yb:GGG disk during polishing. Picture obtained with a dark-field microscope.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 (a) Simulated optical-to-optical efficiency (ηopt-opt) of a multimode cw Yb:GGG thin-disk laser (TDL) versus the disk thickness and the disk doping, based on the zero-dimensional model [32]. Decreasing the disk thickness requires an increased disk doping to keep a high ηopt-opt. Parameters: material Yb:GGG, V cavity, pump power 400 W, pump-spot diameter 2.6 mm, pump passes 24, cavity losses 0.5%, output-coupling rate 10%. (b) Disk doping (top horizontal axis) required to achieve a ηopt-opt = 65% as a function of disk thickness (bottom horizontal axis). The resulting thermal conductivity for Yb:YAG drops significantly when going to thinner disks, whereas the one for Yb:GGG stays nearly unchanged.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Example with 400 W of pump power, 2.6 mm of pump-spot diameter, and varying disk thickness, with the disk doping and thermal conductivity as shown in Fig. 3(b) for a fixed 65% optical-to-optical efficiency: (a) Sample image of finite-element-method (FEM) simulations. (b) COMSOL simulations of disk temperature increase ΔT relative to room temperature versus disk thickness. For thinner disks with higher doping concentrations, Yb:GGG potentially has 50% lower ΔT compared to Yb:YAG. Yb:GGG benefits from its reduced quantum defect and high thermal conductivity.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 (a) Multimode cw operation for Yb:GGG and Yb:YAG with an output-coupling rate of 1.3%, reaching >50 W of output power. We achieved slope efficiencies (dashed lines) of 67% (Yb:GGG) and 66% (Yb:YAG). (b) Temperature increase ΔT relative to the cold disk during pumping (only in fluorescence mode of operation, i.e. no lasing). Finite-element-method (FEM) simulations using COMSOL are shown with the solid lines and experimental data with the dots. For Yb:YAG, the simulation fully agrees with the experimental results, however, this is not the case for Yb:GGG. The Yb:GGG crystal becomes unexpectedly hot, which might be due to the low-purity material or defects introduced during growth from the Iridium crucible.

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Tables (2)

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Table 1 Overview of Yb:GGG crystal properties in comparison to Yb:YAG [1,19,24–28]

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Table 2 The output parameters of Yb:GGG are comparable to the ones of Yb:YAG, showing similar slope efficiencies for different output-coupling (OC) rates.

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