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Quadrature demultiplexing using a degenerate vector parametric amplifier

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Abstract

We report on quadrature demultiplexing of a quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) signal into two cross-polarized binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) signals with negligible penalty at bit-error rate (BER) equal to 10−9. The all-optical quadrature demultiplexing is achieved using a degenerate vector parametric amplifier operating in phase-insensitive mode. We also propose and demonstrate the use of a novel and simple phase-locked loop (PLL) scheme based on detecting the envelope of one of the signals after demultiplexing in order to achieve stable quadrature decomposition.

© 2014 Optical Society of America

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Figures (6)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Polarization diagram of a degenerate vector amplifier operating without input idler
Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Schematic of the proposed PLL. RF, radio frequency; ADC, analog-to-digital converter; DSP, digital signal processing.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Block diagram of the experimental setup used for quadrature demultiplexing. The monitor port included optical spectrum analyzers (OSA), polarimeter and digital coherent receiver. WSS, wavelength-selective switch; PC. polarization controller, EDFA, erbium-doped fiber amplifier; OBPF, optical band-pass filter; TX: transmitter; PZT, piezo-elecro transducer; PBS, polarization beam splitter; VOA, variable optical attenuator, RX: preamplified differential receiver; PLL, phase-locked loop.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Spectra of the vector FOPA input and output decomposed on the polarizations given by the P2 and the P1 polarizations. FWM, four-wave mixing; HOI, higher-order idler.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Constellation diagrams of the degenerate wave at the vector FOPA input (QPSK signal) and output (DP-BPSK signal). The input signal is a single-polarized QPSK signal co-polarized with P2 and cross-polarized with P1. The polarization for each output BPSK signal forms at 45° (Jones space) angle with each pump polarization. Note that pump polarizations are chosen to be ’X’ and ’Y’ in order to maintain the definitions used in Section 2.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6 BER vs. received optical power for a BPSK signal, QPSK signal, signal (QPSK) after the vector FOPA, idler (conjugated QPSK) after FOPA, and BPSK signals in which the I and Q components are demultiplexed.

Equations (6)

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D out = μ S in x + ν S in * y = | S in | [ ( μ x + ν y ) cos ( ϕ S ) + j ( μ x ν y ) sin ( ϕ S ) ] ,
P I = ( ν x + μ y ) / | μ | 2 + | ν | 2 ,
P Q = ( ν x μ y ) / | μ | 2 + | ν | 2 .
S pol , I = 2 μ ν | S in | cos ( ϕ S ) / | μ | 2 + | ν | 2
S pol , Q = 2 μ ν | S in | sin ( ϕ S ) / | μ | 2 + | ν | 2
S pol , I = 2 μ ν | S in | cos ( ϕ Data + ϕ Drift ) / | μ | 2 + | ν | 2 .
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