Abstract

Multi-wavelength regeneration free of inter-channel crosstalk is desirable for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems, especially from the cost-effectiveness point of view. This paper presents the design rules of time-interleaved multi-wavelength 2R regeneration systems based on data-pump four wave mixing (FWM) effect, and several key factors, such as FWM bandwidth, wavelength assignment, and duty cycle, are comprehensively taken into account. The total data rate of time-interleaved WDM regeneration systems along with polarization multiplexing or bidirectional transmission are discussed, which are mainly determined by temporal overlap, spectral broadening and FWM bandwidth. As two examples, an eight-wavelength unidirectional regenerator using polarization multiplexing is designed by optimizing the fiber birefringence, and a six-wavelength bidirectional regenerator is demonstrated by experiment. Each is expected to have a total data rate of about 200Gb/s for the optical RZ-OOK signals, and the wavelength number is increased at the expense of spectral efficiency.

© 2014 Optical Society of America

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2014 (3)

2013 (5)

M. A. Sorokina, S. Sygletos, and S. K. Turitsyn, “Optimization of cascaded regenerative links based on phase sensitive amplifiers,” Opt. Lett. 38(21), 4378–4381 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Sorokina, S. Sygletos, A. D. Ellis, and S. Turitsyn, “Optimal packing for cascaded regenerative transmission based on phase sensitive amplifiers,” Opt. Express 21(25), 31201–31211 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. J. Richardson, J. M. Fini, and L. E. Nelson, “Space-division multiplexing in optical fibres,” Nat. Photonics 7(5), 354–362 (2013).
[Crossref]

X.-Y. Zhou, B.-J. Wu, F. Wen, H. Yuan, and K. Qiu, “Investigation of crosstalk suppression techniques for multi-wavelength regeneration based on data-pump FWM,” Opt. Commun. 308, 1–6 (2013).
[Crossref]

X. Guo, G. K. P. Lei, X. Fu, H. K. Tsang, and C. Shu, “Polarization-insensitive phase-preserving regenerator based on a fiber optical parametric amplifier with dual orthogonal pumps,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(4), 362–364 (2013).
[Crossref]

2012 (6)

M. Matsumoto, “Fiber-based all-optical signal regeneration,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(2), 738–752 (2012).
[Crossref]

F. Parmigiani, L. Provost, P. Petropoulos, D. J. Richardson, W. Freude, J. Leuthold, A. D. Ellis, and I. Tomkos, “Progress in multichannel all-optical regeneration based on fiber technology,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(2), 689–700 (2012).
[Crossref]

J. Wang, J. Yu, T. Meng, W. Miao, B. Sun, W. Wang, and E. Yang, “Simultaneous 3R Regeneration of 4 × 40-Gbit/s WDM Signals in a Single Fiber,” IEEE Photonics J 4(5), 1816–1822 (2012).
[Crossref]

E. Ciaramella, “Wavelength conversion and all-optical regeneration: achievements and open issues,” J. Lightwave Technol. 30(4), 572–582 (2012).
[Crossref]

H. Zhou, K. Qiu, and F. Tian, “Optimized all-optical amplitude reshaping by exploiting nonlinear phase shift in fiber for degenerated FWM,” Chin. Opt. Lett. 10(5), 050601 (2012).
[Crossref]

L. Yan, A. E. Willner, X. Wu, A. Yi, A. Bogoni, Z.-Y. Chen, and H.-Y. Jiang, “All-optical signal processing for ultrahigh speed optical systems and networks,” J. Lightwave Technol. 30(24), 3760–3770 (2012).
[Crossref]

2011 (4)

N. S. Mohd Shah and M. Matsumoto, “Analysis and experiment of all-optical time-interleaved multi-channel regeneration based on higher-order four-wave mixing in a fiber,” Opt. Commun. 284(19), 4687–4694 (2011).
[Crossref]

P. Frascella, S. Sygletos, F. C. G. Gunning, R. Weerasuriya, L. Gruner-Nielsen, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, and A. D. Ellis, “DPSK signal regeneration with a dual-pump nondegenerate phase-sensitive amplifier,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(8), 516–518 (2011).
[Crossref]

J. Kakande, R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, R. Phelan, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “Multilevel quantization of optical phase in a novel coherent parametric mixer architecture,” Nat. Photonics 5(12), 748–752 (2011).
[Crossref]

S. Sygletos, P. Frascella, S. K. Ibrahim, L. Grüner-Nielsen, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, and A. D. Ellis, “A practical phase sensitive amplification scheme for two channel phase regeneration,” Opt. Express 19(26), B938–B945 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2010 (3)

A.-L. Yi, L.-S. Yan, B. Luo, W. Pan, J. Ye, and J. Leuthold, “Self-phase-modulation based all-optical regeneration of PDM signals using a single section of highly-nonlinear fiber,” Opt. Express 18(7), 7150–7156 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

N. M. Shah and M. Matsumoto, “2R regeneration of time-interleaved multiwavelength signals based on higher order four-wave mixing in a fiber,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 22(1), 27–29 (2010).
[Crossref]

R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, J. Kakande, C. Lundström, M. Sjödin, P. A. Andrekson, R. Weerasuriya, S. Sygletos, A. D. Ellis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, D. Jakobsen, S. Herstrøm, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, S. Dasgupta, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “All-optical phase and amplitude regenerator for next-generation telecommunications systems,” Nat. Photonics 4(10), 690–695 (2010).
[Crossref]

2008 (5)

C. Kouloumentas, L. Provost, F. Parmigiani, S. Tsolakidis, P. Petropoulos, I. Tomkos, and D. J. Richardson, “Four-channel all-fiber dispersion-managed 2R regenerator,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 20(13), 1169–1171 (2008).
[Crossref]

C. Ito and J. C. Cartledge, “Polarization independent all-optical 3R regeneration based on the Kerr effect in highly nonlinear fiber and offset spectral slicing,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 14(3), 616–624 (2008).
[Crossref]

L. Provost, F. Parmigiani, C. Finot, K. Mukasa, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “Analysis of a two-channel 2R all-optical regenerator based on a counter-propagating configuration,” Opt. Express 16(3), 2264–2275 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Matsumoto and H. Sakaguchi, “DPSK signal regeneration using a fiber-based amplitude regenerator,” Opt. Express 16(15), 11169–11175 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Zadok, E. Zilka, A. Eyal, L. Thévenaz, and M. Tur, “Vector analysis of stimulated Brillouin scattering amplification in standard single-mode fibers,” Opt. Express 16(26), 21692–21707 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2007 (4)

2006 (4)

2005 (2)

M. Vasilyev and T. I. Lakoba, “All-optical multichannel 2R regeneration in a fiber-based device,” Opt. Lett. 30(12), 1458–1460 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. G. Striegler, M. Meissner, K. Cvecek, K. Sponsel, G. Leuchs, and B. Schmauss, “NOLM-based RZ-DPSK signal regeneration,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 17(3), 639–641 (2005).
[Crossref]

2004 (2)

N. Yoshikane, I. Morita, T. Tsuritani, A. Agata, N. Edagawa, and S. Akiba, “Benefit of SPM-based all-optical reshaper in receiver for long-haul DWDM transmission systems,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 10(2), 412–420 (2004).
[Crossref]

Q. Lin and G. P. Agrawal, “Vector theory of four-wave mixing: polarization effects in fiber-optic parametric amplifiers,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 21(6), 1216–1224 (2004).
[Crossref]

2003 (2)

A. Bogris and D. Syvridis, “Regenerative properties of a pump-modulated four-wave mixing scheme in dispersion-shifted fibers,” J. Lightwave Technol. 21(9), 1892–1902 (2003).
[Crossref]

S. Boscolo, S.-K. Turitsyn, and K.-J. Blow, “All-optical passive 2R regeneration for N× 40 Gbit/s WDM transmission using NOLM and novel filtering technique,” Opt. Commun. 217(1), 227–232 (2003).
[Crossref]

2001 (1)

E. Ciaramella, F. Curti, and S. Trillo, “All-optical signal reshaping by means of four-wave mixing in optical fibers,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 13(2), 142–144 (2001).
[Crossref]

1998 (1)

A. Mokhtar and M. Azizoğlu, “Adaptive wavelength routing in all-optical networks,” IEEE Netw. 6(2), 197–206 (1998).
[Crossref]

Agata, A.

N. Yoshikane, I. Morita, T. Tsuritani, A. Agata, N. Edagawa, and S. Akiba, “Benefit of SPM-based all-optical reshaper in receiver for long-haul DWDM transmission systems,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 10(2), 412–420 (2004).
[Crossref]

Agrawal, G. P.

Akiba, S.

N. Yoshikane, I. Morita, T. Tsuritani, A. Agata, N. Edagawa, and S. Akiba, “Benefit of SPM-based all-optical reshaper in receiver for long-haul DWDM transmission systems,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 10(2), 412–420 (2004).
[Crossref]

Andrekson, P. A.

R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, J. Kakande, C. Lundström, M. Sjödin, P. A. Andrekson, R. Weerasuriya, S. Sygletos, A. D. Ellis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, D. Jakobsen, S. Herstrøm, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, S. Dasgupta, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “All-optical phase and amplitude regenerator for next-generation telecommunications systems,” Nat. Photonics 4(10), 690–695 (2010).
[Crossref]

Azizoglu, M.

A. Mokhtar and M. Azizoğlu, “Adaptive wavelength routing in all-optical networks,” IEEE Netw. 6(2), 197–206 (1998).
[Crossref]

Blow, K.-J.

S. Boscolo, S.-K. Turitsyn, and K.-J. Blow, “All-optical passive 2R regeneration for N× 40 Gbit/s WDM transmission using NOLM and novel filtering technique,” Opt. Commun. 217(1), 227–232 (2003).
[Crossref]

Bogoni, A.

Bogris, A.

J. Kakande, R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, R. Phelan, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “Multilevel quantization of optical phase in a novel coherent parametric mixer architecture,” Nat. Photonics 5(12), 748–752 (2011).
[Crossref]

R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, J. Kakande, C. Lundström, M. Sjödin, P. A. Andrekson, R. Weerasuriya, S. Sygletos, A. D. Ellis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, D. Jakobsen, S. Herstrøm, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, S. Dasgupta, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “All-optical phase and amplitude regenerator for next-generation telecommunications systems,” Nat. Photonics 4(10), 690–695 (2010).
[Crossref]

A. Bogris and D. Syvridis, “Regenerative properties of a pump-modulated four-wave mixing scheme in dispersion-shifted fibers,” J. Lightwave Technol. 21(9), 1892–1902 (2003).
[Crossref]

Boscolo, S.

S. Boscolo, S.-K. Turitsyn, and K.-J. Blow, “All-optical passive 2R regeneration for N× 40 Gbit/s WDM transmission using NOLM and novel filtering technique,” Opt. Commun. 217(1), 227–232 (2003).
[Crossref]

Cartledge, J. C.

C. Ito and J. C. Cartledge, “Polarization independent all-optical 3R regeneration based on the Kerr effect in highly nonlinear fiber and offset spectral slicing,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 14(3), 616–624 (2008).
[Crossref]

Chen, Z.-Y.

Ciaramella, E.

E. Ciaramella, “Wavelength conversion and all-optical regeneration: achievements and open issues,” J. Lightwave Technol. 30(4), 572–582 (2012).
[Crossref]

E. Ciaramella, F. Curti, and S. Trillo, “All-optical signal reshaping by means of four-wave mixing in optical fibers,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 13(2), 142–144 (2001).
[Crossref]

Croussore, K.

K. Croussore and L. Guifang, “Phase regeneration of NRZ-DPSK signals based on symmetric-pump phase-sensitive amplification,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 19(11), 864–866 (2007).
[Crossref]

Cuenot, B.

Curti, F.

E. Ciaramella, F. Curti, and S. Trillo, “All-optical signal reshaping by means of four-wave mixing in optical fibers,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 13(2), 142–144 (2001).
[Crossref]

Cvecek, K.

A. G. Striegler, M. Meissner, K. Cvecek, K. Sponsel, G. Leuchs, and B. Schmauss, “NOLM-based RZ-DPSK signal regeneration,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 17(3), 639–641 (2005).
[Crossref]

Dasgupta, S.

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C. Kouloumentas, L. Provost, F. Parmigiani, S. Tsolakidis, P. Petropoulos, I. Tomkos, and D. J. Richardson, “Four-channel all-fiber dispersion-managed 2R regenerator,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 20(13), 1169–1171 (2008).
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L. Provost, F. Parmigiani, C. Finot, K. Mukasa, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “Analysis of a two-channel 2R all-optical regenerator based on a counter-propagating configuration,” Opt. Express 16(3), 2264–2275 (2008).
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C. Kouloumentas, L. Provost, F. Parmigiani, S. Tsolakidis, P. Petropoulos, I. Tomkos, and D. J. Richardson, “Four-channel all-fiber dispersion-managed 2R regenerator,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 20(13), 1169–1171 (2008).
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L. Provost, C. Finot, P. Petropoulos, K. Mukasa, and D. J. Richardson, “Design scaling rules for 2R-optical self-phase modulation-based regenerators,” Opt. Express 15(8), 5100–5113 (2007).
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R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, J. Kakande, C. Lundström, M. Sjödin, P. A. Andrekson, R. Weerasuriya, S. Sygletos, A. D. Ellis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, D. Jakobsen, S. Herstrøm, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, S. Dasgupta, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “All-optical phase and amplitude regenerator for next-generation telecommunications systems,” Nat. Photonics 4(10), 690–695 (2010).
[Crossref]

L. Provost, F. Parmigiani, C. Finot, K. Mukasa, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “Analysis of a two-channel 2R all-optical regenerator based on a counter-propagating configuration,” Opt. Express 16(3), 2264–2275 (2008).
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L. Provost, C. Finot, P. Petropoulos, K. Mukasa, and D. J. Richardson, “Design scaling rules for 2R-optical self-phase modulation-based regenerators,” Opt. Express 15(8), 5100–5113 (2007).
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A. G. Striegler and B. Schmauss, “Analysis and optimization of SPM-based 2R signal regeneration at 40 Gb/s,” J. Lightwave Technol. 24(7), 2835–2843 (2006).
[Crossref]

A. G. Striegler, M. Meissner, K. Cvecek, K. Sponsel, G. Leuchs, and B. Schmauss, “NOLM-based RZ-DPSK signal regeneration,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 17(3), 639–641 (2005).
[Crossref]

Shah, N. M.

N. M. Shah and M. Matsumoto, “2R regeneration of time-interleaved multiwavelength signals based on higher order four-wave mixing in a fiber,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 22(1), 27–29 (2010).
[Crossref]

Shu, C.

X. Guo, G. K. P. Lei, X. Fu, H. K. Tsang, and C. Shu, “Polarization-insensitive phase-preserving regenerator based on a fiber optical parametric amplifier with dual orthogonal pumps,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(4), 362–364 (2013).
[Crossref]

Sjödin, M.

R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, J. Kakande, C. Lundström, M. Sjödin, P. A. Andrekson, R. Weerasuriya, S. Sygletos, A. D. Ellis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, D. Jakobsen, S. Herstrøm, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, S. Dasgupta, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “All-optical phase and amplitude regenerator for next-generation telecommunications systems,” Nat. Photonics 4(10), 690–695 (2010).
[Crossref]

Slavík, R.

J. Kakande, R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, R. Phelan, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “Multilevel quantization of optical phase in a novel coherent parametric mixer architecture,” Nat. Photonics 5(12), 748–752 (2011).
[Crossref]

R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, J. Kakande, C. Lundström, M. Sjödin, P. A. Andrekson, R. Weerasuriya, S. Sygletos, A. D. Ellis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, D. Jakobsen, S. Herstrøm, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, S. Dasgupta, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “All-optical phase and amplitude regenerator for next-generation telecommunications systems,” Nat. Photonics 4(10), 690–695 (2010).
[Crossref]

Sorokina, M.

Sorokina, M. A.

Sponsel, K.

A. G. Striegler, M. Meissner, K. Cvecek, K. Sponsel, G. Leuchs, and B. Schmauss, “NOLM-based RZ-DPSK signal regeneration,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 17(3), 639–641 (2005).
[Crossref]

Striegler, A. G.

A. G. Striegler and B. Schmauss, “Analysis and optimization of SPM-based 2R signal regeneration at 40 Gb/s,” J. Lightwave Technol. 24(7), 2835–2843 (2006).
[Crossref]

A. G. Striegler, M. Meissner, K. Cvecek, K. Sponsel, G. Leuchs, and B. Schmauss, “NOLM-based RZ-DPSK signal regeneration,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 17(3), 639–641 (2005).
[Crossref]

Sun, B.

J. Wang, J. Yu, T. Meng, W. Miao, B. Sun, W. Wang, and E. Yang, “Simultaneous 3R Regeneration of 4 × 40-Gbit/s WDM Signals in a Single Fiber,” IEEE Photonics J 4(5), 1816–1822 (2012).
[Crossref]

Sygletos, S.

M. A. Sorokina, S. Sygletos, and S. K. Turitsyn, “Optimization of cascaded regenerative links based on phase sensitive amplifiers,” Opt. Lett. 38(21), 4378–4381 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Sorokina, S. Sygletos, A. D. Ellis, and S. Turitsyn, “Optimal packing for cascaded regenerative transmission based on phase sensitive amplifiers,” Opt. Express 21(25), 31201–31211 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Sygletos, P. Frascella, S. K. Ibrahim, L. Grüner-Nielsen, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, and A. D. Ellis, “A practical phase sensitive amplification scheme for two channel phase regeneration,” Opt. Express 19(26), B938–B945 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. Frascella, S. Sygletos, F. C. G. Gunning, R. Weerasuriya, L. Gruner-Nielsen, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, and A. D. Ellis, “DPSK signal regeneration with a dual-pump nondegenerate phase-sensitive amplifier,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(8), 516–518 (2011).
[Crossref]

R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, J. Kakande, C. Lundström, M. Sjödin, P. A. Andrekson, R. Weerasuriya, S. Sygletos, A. D. Ellis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, D. Jakobsen, S. Herstrøm, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, S. Dasgupta, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “All-optical phase and amplitude regenerator for next-generation telecommunications systems,” Nat. Photonics 4(10), 690–695 (2010).
[Crossref]

Syvridis, D.

J. Kakande, R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, R. Phelan, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “Multilevel quantization of optical phase in a novel coherent parametric mixer architecture,” Nat. Photonics 5(12), 748–752 (2011).
[Crossref]

R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, J. Kakande, C. Lundström, M. Sjödin, P. A. Andrekson, R. Weerasuriya, S. Sygletos, A. D. Ellis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, D. Jakobsen, S. Herstrøm, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, S. Dasgupta, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “All-optical phase and amplitude regenerator for next-generation telecommunications systems,” Nat. Photonics 4(10), 690–695 (2010).
[Crossref]

A. Bogris and D. Syvridis, “Regenerative properties of a pump-modulated four-wave mixing scheme in dispersion-shifted fibers,” J. Lightwave Technol. 21(9), 1892–1902 (2003).
[Crossref]

Ta’eed, D. J.

M. Rochette, V. Libin Fu, D. J. Ta’eed, Moss, and B. J. Eggleton, “2R optical regeneration: an all-optical solution for BER improvement,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 12(4), 736–744 (2006).
[Crossref]

Thévenaz, L.

Tian, F.

Tomkos, I.

F. Parmigiani, L. Provost, P. Petropoulos, D. J. Richardson, W. Freude, J. Leuthold, A. D. Ellis, and I. Tomkos, “Progress in multichannel all-optical regeneration based on fiber technology,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(2), 689–700 (2012).
[Crossref]

C. Kouloumentas, L. Provost, F. Parmigiani, S. Tsolakidis, P. Petropoulos, I. Tomkos, and D. J. Richardson, “Four-channel all-fiber dispersion-managed 2R regenerator,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 20(13), 1169–1171 (2008).
[Crossref]

Trillo, S.

E. Ciaramella, F. Curti, and S. Trillo, “All-optical signal reshaping by means of four-wave mixing in optical fibers,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 13(2), 142–144 (2001).
[Crossref]

Tsang, H. K.

X. Guo, G. K. P. Lei, X. Fu, H. K. Tsang, and C. Shu, “Polarization-insensitive phase-preserving regenerator based on a fiber optical parametric amplifier with dual orthogonal pumps,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(4), 362–364 (2013).
[Crossref]

Tsolakidis, S.

C. Kouloumentas, L. Provost, F. Parmigiani, S. Tsolakidis, P. Petropoulos, I. Tomkos, and D. J. Richardson, “Four-channel all-fiber dispersion-managed 2R regenerator,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 20(13), 1169–1171 (2008).
[Crossref]

Tsuritani, T.

N. Yoshikane, I. Morita, T. Tsuritani, A. Agata, N. Edagawa, and S. Akiba, “Benefit of SPM-based all-optical reshaper in receiver for long-haul DWDM transmission systems,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 10(2), 412–420 (2004).
[Crossref]

Tur, M.

Turitsyn, S.

Turitsyn, S. K.

Turitsyn, S.-K.

S. Boscolo, S.-K. Turitsyn, and K.-J. Blow, “All-optical passive 2R regeneration for N× 40 Gbit/s WDM transmission using NOLM and novel filtering technique,” Opt. Commun. 217(1), 227–232 (2003).
[Crossref]

Vasilyev, M.

Wang, J.

J. Wang, H. Ji, H. Hu, J. Yu, H. C. Mulvad, M. Galili, P. Jeppesen, and L. K. Oxenløwe, “4 × 160-Gbit/s multi-channel regeneration in a single fiber,” Opt. Express 22(10), 11456–11464 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Wang, J. Yu, T. Meng, W. Miao, B. Sun, W. Wang, and E. Yang, “Simultaneous 3R Regeneration of 4 × 40-Gbit/s WDM Signals in a Single Fiber,” IEEE Photonics J 4(5), 1816–1822 (2012).
[Crossref]

Wang, W.

J. Wang, J. Yu, T. Meng, W. Miao, B. Sun, W. Wang, and E. Yang, “Simultaneous 3R Regeneration of 4 × 40-Gbit/s WDM Signals in a Single Fiber,” IEEE Photonics J 4(5), 1816–1822 (2012).
[Crossref]

Weerasuriya, R.

P. Frascella, S. Sygletos, F. C. G. Gunning, R. Weerasuriya, L. Gruner-Nielsen, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, and A. D. Ellis, “DPSK signal regeneration with a dual-pump nondegenerate phase-sensitive amplifier,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(8), 516–518 (2011).
[Crossref]

R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, J. Kakande, C. Lundström, M. Sjödin, P. A. Andrekson, R. Weerasuriya, S. Sygletos, A. D. Ellis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, D. Jakobsen, S. Herstrøm, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, S. Dasgupta, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “All-optical phase and amplitude regenerator for next-generation telecommunications systems,” Nat. Photonics 4(10), 690–695 (2010).
[Crossref]

Wen, F.

F. Wen, B.-J. Wu, X.-Y. Zhou, H. Yuan, and K. Qiu, “All-optical four-wavelength 2R regeneration based on data-pump four-wave-mixing with offset filtering,” Opt. Fiber Technol. 20(3), 274–279 (2014).
[Crossref]

X.-Y. Zhou, B.-J. Wu, F. Wen, H. Yuan, and K. Qiu, “Investigation of crosstalk suppression techniques for multi-wavelength regeneration based on data-pump FWM,” Opt. Commun. 308, 1–6 (2013).
[Crossref]

Willner, A. E.

Winzer, P. J.

Wu, B.-J.

F. Wen, B.-J. Wu, X.-Y. Zhou, H. Yuan, and K. Qiu, “All-optical four-wavelength 2R regeneration based on data-pump four-wave-mixing with offset filtering,” Opt. Fiber Technol. 20(3), 274–279 (2014).
[Crossref]

X.-Y. Zhou, B.-J. Wu, F. Wen, H. Yuan, and K. Qiu, “Investigation of crosstalk suppression techniques for multi-wavelength regeneration based on data-pump FWM,” Opt. Commun. 308, 1–6 (2013).
[Crossref]

Wu, X.

Xu, C.

Yan, L.

Yan, L.-S.

Yang, E.

J. Wang, J. Yu, T. Meng, W. Miao, B. Sun, W. Wang, and E. Yang, “Simultaneous 3R Regeneration of 4 × 40-Gbit/s WDM Signals in a Single Fiber,” IEEE Photonics J 4(5), 1816–1822 (2012).
[Crossref]

Ye, J.

Yi, A.

Yi, A.-L.

Yoshikane, N.

N. Yoshikane, I. Morita, T. Tsuritani, A. Agata, N. Edagawa, and S. Akiba, “Benefit of SPM-based all-optical reshaper in receiver for long-haul DWDM transmission systems,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 10(2), 412–420 (2004).
[Crossref]

Yu, J.

J. Wang, H. Ji, H. Hu, J. Yu, H. C. Mulvad, M. Galili, P. Jeppesen, and L. K. Oxenløwe, “4 × 160-Gbit/s multi-channel regeneration in a single fiber,” Opt. Express 22(10), 11456–11464 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Wang, J. Yu, T. Meng, W. Miao, B. Sun, W. Wang, and E. Yang, “Simultaneous 3R Regeneration of 4 × 40-Gbit/s WDM Signals in a Single Fiber,” IEEE Photonics J 4(5), 1816–1822 (2012).
[Crossref]

Yuan, H.

F. Wen, B.-J. Wu, X.-Y. Zhou, H. Yuan, and K. Qiu, “All-optical four-wavelength 2R regeneration based on data-pump four-wave-mixing with offset filtering,” Opt. Fiber Technol. 20(3), 274–279 (2014).
[Crossref]

X.-Y. Zhou, B.-J. Wu, F. Wen, H. Yuan, and K. Qiu, “Investigation of crosstalk suppression techniques for multi-wavelength regeneration based on data-pump FWM,” Opt. Commun. 308, 1–6 (2013).
[Crossref]

Zadok, A.

Zhou, H.

Zhou, X.-Y.

F. Wen, B.-J. Wu, X.-Y. Zhou, H. Yuan, and K. Qiu, “All-optical four-wavelength 2R regeneration based on data-pump four-wave-mixing with offset filtering,” Opt. Fiber Technol. 20(3), 274–279 (2014).
[Crossref]

X.-Y. Zhou, B.-J. Wu, F. Wen, H. Yuan, and K. Qiu, “Investigation of crosstalk suppression techniques for multi-wavelength regeneration based on data-pump FWM,” Opt. Commun. 308, 1–6 (2013).
[Crossref]

Zilka, E.

Chin. Opt. Lett. (1)

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. (5)

M. Matsumoto, “Fiber-based all-optical signal regeneration,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(2), 738–752 (2012).
[Crossref]

N. Yoshikane, I. Morita, T. Tsuritani, A. Agata, N. Edagawa, and S. Akiba, “Benefit of SPM-based all-optical reshaper in receiver for long-haul DWDM transmission systems,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 10(2), 412–420 (2004).
[Crossref]

M. Rochette, V. Libin Fu, D. J. Ta’eed, Moss, and B. J. Eggleton, “2R optical regeneration: an all-optical solution for BER improvement,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 12(4), 736–744 (2006).
[Crossref]

C. Ito and J. C. Cartledge, “Polarization independent all-optical 3R regeneration based on the Kerr effect in highly nonlinear fiber and offset spectral slicing,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 14(3), 616–624 (2008).
[Crossref]

F. Parmigiani, L. Provost, P. Petropoulos, D. J. Richardson, W. Freude, J. Leuthold, A. D. Ellis, and I. Tomkos, “Progress in multichannel all-optical regeneration based on fiber technology,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(2), 689–700 (2012).
[Crossref]

IEEE Netw. (1)

A. Mokhtar and M. Azizoğlu, “Adaptive wavelength routing in all-optical networks,” IEEE Netw. 6(2), 197–206 (1998).
[Crossref]

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. (7)

X. Guo, G. K. P. Lei, X. Fu, H. K. Tsang, and C. Shu, “Polarization-insensitive phase-preserving regenerator based on a fiber optical parametric amplifier with dual orthogonal pumps,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(4), 362–364 (2013).
[Crossref]

A. G. Striegler, M. Meissner, K. Cvecek, K. Sponsel, G. Leuchs, and B. Schmauss, “NOLM-based RZ-DPSK signal regeneration,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 17(3), 639–641 (2005).
[Crossref]

K. Croussore and L. Guifang, “Phase regeneration of NRZ-DPSK signals based on symmetric-pump phase-sensitive amplification,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 19(11), 864–866 (2007).
[Crossref]

N. M. Shah and M. Matsumoto, “2R regeneration of time-interleaved multiwavelength signals based on higher order four-wave mixing in a fiber,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 22(1), 27–29 (2010).
[Crossref]

C. Kouloumentas, L. Provost, F. Parmigiani, S. Tsolakidis, P. Petropoulos, I. Tomkos, and D. J. Richardson, “Four-channel all-fiber dispersion-managed 2R regenerator,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 20(13), 1169–1171 (2008).
[Crossref]

E. Ciaramella, F. Curti, and S. Trillo, “All-optical signal reshaping by means of four-wave mixing in optical fibers,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 13(2), 142–144 (2001).
[Crossref]

P. Frascella, S. Sygletos, F. C. G. Gunning, R. Weerasuriya, L. Gruner-Nielsen, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, and A. D. Ellis, “DPSK signal regeneration with a dual-pump nondegenerate phase-sensitive amplifier,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(8), 516–518 (2011).
[Crossref]

IEEE Photonics J (1)

J. Wang, J. Yu, T. Meng, W. Miao, B. Sun, W. Wang, and E. Yang, “Simultaneous 3R Regeneration of 4 × 40-Gbit/s WDM Signals in a Single Fiber,” IEEE Photonics J 4(5), 1816–1822 (2012).
[Crossref]

J. Lightwave Technol. (6)

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B (1)

Nat. Photonics (3)

R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, J. Kakande, C. Lundström, M. Sjödin, P. A. Andrekson, R. Weerasuriya, S. Sygletos, A. D. Ellis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, D. Jakobsen, S. Herstrøm, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, S. Dasgupta, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “All-optical phase and amplitude regenerator for next-generation telecommunications systems,” Nat. Photonics 4(10), 690–695 (2010).
[Crossref]

D. J. Richardson, J. M. Fini, and L. E. Nelson, “Space-division multiplexing in optical fibres,” Nat. Photonics 7(5), 354–362 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Kakande, R. Slavík, F. Parmigiani, A. Bogris, D. Syvridis, L. Grüner-Nielsen, R. Phelan, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “Multilevel quantization of optical phase in a novel coherent parametric mixer architecture,” Nat. Photonics 5(12), 748–752 (2011).
[Crossref]

Opt. Commun. (3)

S. Boscolo, S.-K. Turitsyn, and K.-J. Blow, “All-optical passive 2R regeneration for N× 40 Gbit/s WDM transmission using NOLM and novel filtering technique,” Opt. Commun. 217(1), 227–232 (2003).
[Crossref]

N. S. Mohd Shah and M. Matsumoto, “Analysis and experiment of all-optical time-interleaved multi-channel regeneration based on higher-order four-wave mixing in a fiber,” Opt. Commun. 284(19), 4687–4694 (2011).
[Crossref]

X.-Y. Zhou, B.-J. Wu, F. Wen, H. Yuan, and K. Qiu, “Investigation of crosstalk suppression techniques for multi-wavelength regeneration based on data-pump FWM,” Opt. Commun. 308, 1–6 (2013).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (10)

L. Provost, C. Finot, P. Petropoulos, K. Mukasa, and D. J. Richardson, “Design scaling rules for 2R-optical self-phase modulation-based regenerators,” Opt. Express 15(8), 5100–5113 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Matsumoto and K. Sanuki, “Performance improvement of DPSK signal transmission by a phase-preserving amplitude limiter,” Opt. Express 15(13), 8094–8103 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Cuenot and A. D. Ellis, “WDM signal regeneration using a single alloptical device,” Opt. Express 15(18), 11492–11499 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. Provost, F. Parmigiani, C. Finot, K. Mukasa, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, “Analysis of a two-channel 2R all-optical regenerator based on a counter-propagating configuration,” Opt. Express 16(3), 2264–2275 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Matsumoto and H. Sakaguchi, “DPSK signal regeneration using a fiber-based amplitude regenerator,” Opt. Express 16(15), 11169–11175 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Zadok, E. Zilka, A. Eyal, L. Thévenaz, and M. Tur, “Vector analysis of stimulated Brillouin scattering amplification in standard single-mode fibers,” Opt. Express 16(26), 21692–21707 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A.-L. Yi, L.-S. Yan, B. Luo, W. Pan, J. Ye, and J. Leuthold, “Self-phase-modulation based all-optical regeneration of PDM signals using a single section of highly-nonlinear fiber,” Opt. Express 18(7), 7150–7156 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Sygletos, P. Frascella, S. K. Ibrahim, L. Grüner-Nielsen, R. Phelan, J. O’Gorman, and A. D. Ellis, “A practical phase sensitive amplification scheme for two channel phase regeneration,” Opt. Express 19(26), B938–B945 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Sorokina, S. Sygletos, A. D. Ellis, and S. Turitsyn, “Optimal packing for cascaded regenerative transmission based on phase sensitive amplifiers,” Opt. Express 21(25), 31201–31211 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Wang, H. Ji, H. Hu, J. Yu, H. C. Mulvad, M. Galili, P. Jeppesen, and L. K. Oxenløwe, “4 × 160-Gbit/s multi-channel regeneration in a single fiber,” Opt. Express 22(10), 11456–11464 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Fiber Technol. (1)

F. Wen, B.-J. Wu, X.-Y. Zhou, H. Yuan, and K. Qiu, “All-optical four-wavelength 2R regeneration based on data-pump four-wave-mixing with offset filtering,” Opt. Fiber Technol. 20(3), 274–279 (2014).
[Crossref]

Opt. Lett. (3)

Other (8)

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H. Nguyen Tan, T. Inoue, K. Tanizawa, S. Petit, Y. Oikawa, S. Takasaka, T. Yagi, and S. Namiki, "Counter-Dithering Pump Scheme for Cascaded Degenerate FWM Based Wavelength Converter," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optical Society of America, 2014), paper W3F.4. 
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G. Baxter, S. Frisken, D. Abakoumov, H. Zhou, I. Clarke, A. Bartos, and S. Poole, " Highly Programmable Wavelength Selective Switch Based on Liquid Crystal on Silicon Switching Elements," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition and The National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2006), paper OTuF2.
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I. Monfils, C. Ito, and J. C. Cartledge, " Optical 3R Regeneration Using a Clock-Modulated Pump and Higher-Order Four-Wave Mixing," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition and The National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2006), paper OThB6.
[Crossref]

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Figures (11)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Frequency dependency of idler powers in the data-pump FWM. (a) The frequency relationship of the idler, pump and idler waves. (b) FWM bandwidth for a given auxiliary frequency of 192.1THz. In the OptiSystem simulation, the pump and auxiliary powers are 20dBm and 14dBm, respectively. The HNLF’s parameters used here are listed in Table 1.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Wavelength assignment free of the spectral overlap between the higher-order FWM products and the first-order idlers as regenerated signals.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Optimization of duty cycle in time-interleaving regeneration by means of the inter-modulation (IM) parameter. The auxiliary power is 14dBm in all cases.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 The upper and lower DC limits versus the data rate. Two time-interleaving cases with or without polarization multiplexing are given here. The slopes of the lower DC limit are equal to the minimal pulse width.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 The relation of inter-modulation and duty cycle with polarization multiplexing (a) DGD = 0 ps/km, (b) DGD = 60 ps/km. The frequencies of orthogonally polarized pump are 192.9 THz to 193.5 THz, and the frequency of 45° linearly polarized auxiliary is 191.4 THz.

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Fig. 6
Fig. 6 Simulation diagram of an eight-wavelength unidirectional regeneration system using time interleaving and polarization multiplexing

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Fig. 7
Fig. 7 The Q values of the input and output signals for the eight-wavelength regeneration system

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Fig. 8
Fig. 8 Experimental setup for the bidirectional six-wavelength regeneration system

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Fig. 9
Fig. 9 Measured spectra for the bidirectional six-wavelength regeneration system

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Fig. 10
Fig. 10 Measured eye diagrams for the bidirectional six-wavelength regeneration system

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Fig. 11
Fig. 11 Measured BER curves for the bidirectional six-wavelength regeneration system

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Tables (2)

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Table 1 The HNLF’s Parameters

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Table 2 Wavelength Assignment

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Equations (13)

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E ( z , t ) = ∑ l F l ( x , y ) A l ( z , t ) e x p ( i β l z − i ω l t )
∂ A l ∂ z + α 2 A l + β l ( 1 ) ∂ A l ∂ t + β l ( 2 ) ∂ 2 A l ∂ t 2 = i γ ∑ m , n , k , l D m n D p A m A n A k * e x p [ i ( Δ β m n k l z − 2 π Δ f m n k l t ) ]
Δ β = 2 β p + β a − β i
Δ β = 1 6 β 3 [ 2 ( f p − f 0 ) 3 − ( f a − f 0 ) 3 − [ 2 ( f p − f 0 ) − ( f a − f 0 ) ] 3 ]
B N ≤ B F W M
B N ≤ 2 5 Δ F
I M = | log ( P M / P S ) |
T p min R b ≤ d c ≤ 0.5 / N
Δ = ( d c max - d c ) / R b
C R / / = R b max ⋅ N = 0.5 / T p min
C R ⊥ = 1 / T p ∗ min = 2 r p C R / /
η s = C R 2 N Δ f
η s / / = 1 4 N Δ f T p min or η s ⊥ = r p 2 N Δ f T p min

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