Multi-wavelength, all-solid-state, continuous wave mode locked picosecond Raman laser

Eduardo Granados; Helen M. Pask; Elric Esposito; Gail McConnell; David J. Spence

doi:10.1364/OE.18.005289

Abstract

We demonstrate the operation of a cascaded continuous wave (CW) mode-locked Raman oscillator. The output pulses were compressed from 28 ps at 532 nm down to 6.5 ps at 559 nm (first Stokes) and 5.5 ps at 589 nm (second Stokes). The maximum output was 2.5 W at 559 nm and 1.4 W at 589 nm with slope efficiencies up to 52%. This technique allows simple and efficient generation of short-pulse radiation to the cascaded Stokes wavelengths, extending the mode-locked operation of Raman lasers to a wider range of visible wavelengths between 500 – 650 nm based on standard inexpensive picosecond Nd:YAG oscillators.

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References

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Year
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Author
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Publication

J. M. Girkin and G. McConnell, “Advances in laser sources for confocal and multiphoton microscopy,” Microsc. Res. Tech. 67(1), 8–14 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
G. McConnell, G. L. Smith, J. M. Girkin, A. M. Gurney, and A. I. Ferguson, “Two-photon microscopy of fura-2-loaded cardiac myocytes with an all-solid-state tunable and visible femtosecond laser source,” Opt. Lett. 28(19), 1742–1744 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
J. Palero, V. Boer, J. Vijverberg, H. Gerritsen, and H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, “Short-wavelength two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy of tryptophan with a photonic crystal fiber based light source,” Opt. Express 13(14), 5363–5368 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
H. M. Pask, P. Dekker, R. P. Mildren, D. J. Spence, and J. A. Piper, “Wavelength-versatile visible and UV sources based on crystalline Raman lasers,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 32(3-4), 121–158 (2008).
[Crossref]
R. Mildren, M. Convery, H. Pask, J. Piper, and T. McKay, “Efficient, all-solid-state, Raman laser in the yellow, orange and red,” Opt. Express 12(5), 785–790 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
E. Granados, H. M. Pask, and D. J. Spence, “Synchronously pumped continuous-wave mode-locked yellow Raman laser at 559 nm,” Opt. Express 17(2), 569–574 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
G. G. Grigoryan and S. B. Sogomonyan, “Synchronously pumped picosecond Raman laser utilizing an LiIO3 crystal,” Sov. J. Quantum Electron., 1402 (1989).
[Crossref]
E. Granados, A. Fuerbach, D. Coutts, and D. Spence, “Asynchronous cross-correlation for weak ultrafast deep ultraviolet laser pulses,” Appl. Phys. B 97(4), 759–763 (2009).
[Crossref]
A. Penzkofer, A. Laubereau, and W. Kaiser, “High intensity Raman interactions,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 6(2), 55–140 (1979).
[Crossref]
T. Basiev, P. Zverev, A. Karasik, V. Osiko, A. A. Sobol’, and D. S. Chunaev, “Picosecond stimulated Raman scattering in crystals,” J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 99(5), 934–941 (2004).
[Crossref]
L. Lefort, K. Puech, S. D. Butterworth, Y. P. Svirko, and D. C. Hanna, “Generation of femtosecond pulses from order-of-magnitude pulse compression in a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled lithium niobate,” Opt. Lett. 24(1), 28–30 (1999).
[Crossref]

2009 (2)

E. Granados, H. M. Pask, and D. J. Spence, “Synchronously pumped continuous-wave mode-locked yellow Raman laser at 559 nm,” Opt. Express 17(2), 569–574 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Granados, A. Fuerbach, D. Coutts, and D. Spence, “Asynchronous cross-correlation for weak ultrafast deep ultraviolet laser pulses,” Appl. Phys. B 97(4), 759–763 (2009).
[Crossref]

2008 (1)

H. M. Pask, P. Dekker, R. P. Mildren, D. J. Spence, and J. A. Piper, “Wavelength-versatile visible and UV sources based on crystalline Raman lasers,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 32(3-4), 121–158 (2008).
[Crossref]

2005 (2)

J. M. Girkin and G. McConnell, “Advances in laser sources for confocal and multiphoton microscopy,” Microsc. Res. Tech. 67(1), 8–14 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Palero, V. Boer, J. Vijverberg, H. Gerritsen, and H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, “Short-wavelength two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy of tryptophan with a photonic crystal fiber based light source,” Opt. Express 13(14), 5363–5368 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2004 (2)

T. Basiev, P. Zverev, A. Karasik, V. Osiko, A. A. Sobol’, and D. S. Chunaev, “Picosecond stimulated Raman scattering in crystals,” J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 99(5), 934–941 (2004).
[Crossref]

R. Mildren, M. Convery, H. Pask, J. Piper, and T. McKay, “Efficient, all-solid-state, Raman laser in the yellow, orange and red,” Opt. Express 12(5), 785–790 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2003 (1)

G. McConnell, G. L. Smith, J. M. Girkin, A. M. Gurney, and A. I. Ferguson, “Two-photon microscopy of fura-2-loaded cardiac myocytes with an all-solid-state tunable and visible femtosecond laser source,” Opt. Lett. 28(19), 1742–1744 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1999 (1)

L. Lefort, K. Puech, S. D. Butterworth, Y. P. Svirko, and D. C. Hanna, “Generation of femtosecond pulses from order-of-magnitude pulse compression in a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled lithium niobate,” Opt. Lett. 24(1), 28–30 (1999).
[Crossref]

1989 (1)

G. G. Grigoryan and S. B. Sogomonyan, “Synchronously pumped picosecond Raman laser utilizing an LiIO3 crystal,” Sov. J. Quantum Electron., 1402 (1989).
[Crossref]

1979 (1)

A. Penzkofer, A. Laubereau, and W. Kaiser, “High intensity Raman interactions,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 6(2), 55–140 (1979).
[Crossref]

Basiev, T.

T. Basiev, P. Zverev, A. Karasik, V. Osiko, A. A. Sobol’, and D. S. Chunaev, “Picosecond stimulated Raman scattering in crystals,” J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 99(5), 934–941 (2004).
[Crossref]

Boer, V.

J. Palero, V. Boer, J. Vijverberg, H. Gerritsen, and H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, “Short-wavelength two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy of tryptophan with a photonic crystal fiber based light source,” Opt. Express 13(14), 5363–5368 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Butterworth, S. D.

L. Lefort, K. Puech, S. D. Butterworth, Y. P. Svirko, and D. C. Hanna, “Generation of femtosecond pulses from order-of-magnitude pulse compression in a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled lithium niobate,” Opt. Lett. 24(1), 28–30 (1999).
[Crossref]

Chunaev, D. S.

T. Basiev, P. Zverev, A. Karasik, V. Osiko, A. A. Sobol’, and D. S. Chunaev, “Picosecond stimulated Raman scattering in crystals,” J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 99(5), 934–941 (2004).
[Crossref]

Convery, M.

R. Mildren, M. Convery, H. Pask, J. Piper, and T. McKay, “Efficient, all-solid-state, Raman laser in the yellow, orange and red,” Opt. Express 12(5), 785–790 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Coutts, D.

E. Granados, A. Fuerbach, D. Coutts, and D. Spence, “Asynchronous cross-correlation for weak ultrafast deep ultraviolet laser pulses,” Appl. Phys. B 97(4), 759–763 (2009).
[Crossref]

Dekker, P.

H. M. Pask, P. Dekker, R. P. Mildren, D. J. Spence, and J. A. Piper, “Wavelength-versatile visible and UV sources based on crystalline Raman lasers,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 32(3-4), 121–158 (2008).
[Crossref]

Ferguson, A. I.

G. McConnell, G. L. Smith, J. M. Girkin, A. M. Gurney, and A. I. Ferguson, “Two-photon microscopy of fura-2-loaded cardiac myocytes with an all-solid-state tunable and visible femtosecond laser source,” Opt. Lett. 28(19), 1742–1744 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fuerbach, A.

E. Granados, A. Fuerbach, D. Coutts, and D. Spence, “Asynchronous cross-correlation for weak ultrafast deep ultraviolet laser pulses,” Appl. Phys. B 97(4), 759–763 (2009).
[Crossref]

Gerritsen, H.

J. Palero, V. Boer, J. Vijverberg, H. Gerritsen, and H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, “Short-wavelength two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy of tryptophan with a photonic crystal fiber based light source,” Opt. Express 13(14), 5363–5368 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Girkin, J. M.

J. M. Girkin and G. McConnell, “Advances in laser sources for confocal and multiphoton microscopy,” Microsc. Res. Tech. 67(1), 8–14 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. McConnell, G. L. Smith, J. M. Girkin, A. M. Gurney, and A. I. Ferguson, “Two-photon microscopy of fura-2-loaded cardiac myocytes with an all-solid-state tunable and visible femtosecond laser source,” Opt. Lett. 28(19), 1742–1744 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Granados, E.

E. Granados, A. Fuerbach, D. Coutts, and D. Spence, “Asynchronous cross-correlation for weak ultrafast deep ultraviolet laser pulses,” Appl. Phys. B 97(4), 759–763 (2009).
[Crossref]

E. Granados, H. M. Pask, and D. J. Spence, “Synchronously pumped continuous-wave mode-locked yellow Raman laser at 559 nm,” Opt. Express 17(2), 569–574 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Grigoryan, G. G.

G. G. Grigoryan and S. B. Sogomonyan, “Synchronously pumped picosecond Raman laser utilizing an LiIO3 crystal,” Sov. J. Quantum Electron., 1402 (1989).
[Crossref]

Gurney, A. M.

G. McConnell, G. L. Smith, J. M. Girkin, A. M. Gurney, and A. I. Ferguson, “Two-photon microscopy of fura-2-loaded cardiac myocytes with an all-solid-state tunable and visible femtosecond laser source,” Opt. Lett. 28(19), 1742–1744 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hanna, D. C.

L. Lefort, K. Puech, S. D. Butterworth, Y. P. Svirko, and D. C. Hanna, “Generation of femtosecond pulses from order-of-magnitude pulse compression in a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled lithium niobate,” Opt. Lett. 24(1), 28–30 (1999).
[Crossref]

Kaiser, W.

A. Penzkofer, A. Laubereau, and W. Kaiser, “High intensity Raman interactions,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 6(2), 55–140 (1979).
[Crossref]

Karasik, A.

T. Basiev, P. Zverev, A. Karasik, V. Osiko, A. A. Sobol’, and D. S. Chunaev, “Picosecond stimulated Raman scattering in crystals,” J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 99(5), 934–941 (2004).
[Crossref]

Laubereau, A.

A. Penzkofer, A. Laubereau, and W. Kaiser, “High intensity Raman interactions,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 6(2), 55–140 (1979).
[Crossref]

Lefort, L.

L. Lefort, K. Puech, S. D. Butterworth, Y. P. Svirko, and D. C. Hanna, “Generation of femtosecond pulses from order-of-magnitude pulse compression in a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled lithium niobate,” Opt. Lett. 24(1), 28–30 (1999).
[Crossref]

McConnell, G.

J. M. Girkin and G. McConnell, “Advances in laser sources for confocal and multiphoton microscopy,” Microsc. Res. Tech. 67(1), 8–14 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. McConnell, G. L. Smith, J. M. Girkin, A. M. Gurney, and A. I. Ferguson, “Two-photon microscopy of fura-2-loaded cardiac myocytes with an all-solid-state tunable and visible femtosecond laser source,” Opt. Lett. 28(19), 1742–1744 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

McKay, T.

R. Mildren, M. Convery, H. Pask, J. Piper, and T. McKay, “Efficient, all-solid-state, Raman laser in the yellow, orange and red,” Opt. Express 12(5), 785–790 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Mildren, R.

R. Mildren, M. Convery, H. Pask, J. Piper, and T. McKay, “Efficient, all-solid-state, Raman laser in the yellow, orange and red,” Opt. Express 12(5), 785–790 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Mildren, R. P.

H. M. Pask, P. Dekker, R. P. Mildren, D. J. Spence, and J. A. Piper, “Wavelength-versatile visible and UV sources based on crystalline Raman lasers,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 32(3-4), 121–158 (2008).
[Crossref]

Osiko, V.

T. Basiev, P. Zverev, A. Karasik, V. Osiko, A. A. Sobol’, and D. S. Chunaev, “Picosecond stimulated Raman scattering in crystals,” J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 99(5), 934–941 (2004).
[Crossref]

H. M. Pask, P. Dekker, R. P. Mildren, D. J. Spence, and J. A. Piper, “Wavelength-versatile visible and UV sources based on crystalline Raman lasers,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 32(3-4), 121–158 (2008).
[Crossref]

Penzkofer, A.

A. Penzkofer, A. Laubereau, and W. Kaiser, “High intensity Raman interactions,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 6(2), 55–140 (1979).
[Crossref]

Piper, J.

R. Mildren, M. Convery, H. Pask, J. Piper, and T. McKay, “Efficient, all-solid-state, Raman laser in the yellow, orange and red,” Opt. Express 12(5), 785–790 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Piper, J. A.

H. M. Pask, P. Dekker, R. P. Mildren, D. J. Spence, and J. A. Piper, “Wavelength-versatile visible and UV sources based on crystalline Raman lasers,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 32(3-4), 121–158 (2008).
[Crossref]

Puech, K.

L. Lefort, K. Puech, S. D. Butterworth, Y. P. Svirko, and D. C. Hanna, “Generation of femtosecond pulses from order-of-magnitude pulse compression in a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled lithium niobate,” Opt. Lett. 24(1), 28–30 (1999).
[Crossref]

Smith, G. L.

G. McConnell, G. L. Smith, J. M. Girkin, A. M. Gurney, and A. I. Ferguson, “Two-photon microscopy of fura-2-loaded cardiac myocytes with an all-solid-state tunable and visible femtosecond laser source,” Opt. Lett. 28(19), 1742–1744 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sobol’, A. A.

T. Basiev, P. Zverev, A. Karasik, V. Osiko, A. A. Sobol’, and D. S. Chunaev, “Picosecond stimulated Raman scattering in crystals,” J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 99(5), 934–941 (2004).
[Crossref]

Sogomonyan, S. B.

G. G. Grigoryan and S. B. Sogomonyan, “Synchronously pumped picosecond Raman laser utilizing an LiIO3 crystal,” Sov. J. Quantum Electron., 1402 (1989).
[Crossref]

Spence, D.

E. Granados, A. Fuerbach, D. Coutts, and D. Spence, “Asynchronous cross-correlation for weak ultrafast deep ultraviolet laser pulses,” Appl. Phys. B 97(4), 759–763 (2009).
[Crossref]

Spence, D. J.

E. Granados, H. M. Pask, and D. J. Spence, “Synchronously pumped continuous-wave mode-locked yellow Raman laser at 559 nm,” Opt. Express 17(2), 569–574 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

H. M. Pask, P. Dekker, R. P. Mildren, D. J. Spence, and J. A. Piper, “Wavelength-versatile visible and UV sources based on crystalline Raman lasers,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 32(3-4), 121–158 (2008).
[Crossref]

Sterenborg, H. J. C. M.

J. Palero, V. Boer, J. Vijverberg, H. Gerritsen, and H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, “Short-wavelength two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy of tryptophan with a photonic crystal fiber based light source,” Opt. Express 13(14), 5363–5368 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Svirko, Y. P.

L. Lefort, K. Puech, S. D. Butterworth, Y. P. Svirko, and D. C. Hanna, “Generation of femtosecond pulses from order-of-magnitude pulse compression in a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled lithium niobate,” Opt. Lett. 24(1), 28–30 (1999).
[Crossref]

Vijverberg, J.

J. Palero, V. Boer, J. Vijverberg, H. Gerritsen, and H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, “Short-wavelength two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy of tryptophan with a photonic crystal fiber based light source,” Opt. Express 13(14), 5363–5368 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zverev, P.

T. Basiev, P. Zverev, A. Karasik, V. Osiko, A. A. Sobol’, and D. S. Chunaev, “Picosecond stimulated Raman scattering in crystals,” J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 99(5), 934–941 (2004).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. B (1)

E. Granados, A. Fuerbach, D. Coutts, and D. Spence, “Asynchronous cross-correlation for weak ultrafast deep ultraviolet laser pulses,” Appl. Phys. B 97(4), 759–763 (2009).
[Crossref]

J. Exp. Theor. Phys. (1)

T. Basiev, P. Zverev, A. Karasik, V. Osiko, A. A. Sobol’, and D. S. Chunaev, “Picosecond stimulated Raman scattering in crystals,” J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 99(5), 934–941 (2004).
[Crossref]

Microsc. Res. Tech. (1)

J. M. Girkin and G. McConnell, “Advances in laser sources for confocal and multiphoton microscopy,” Microsc. Res. Tech. 67(1), 8–14 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Express (3)

J. Palero, V. Boer, J. Vijverberg, H. Gerritsen, and H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, “Short-wavelength two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy of tryptophan with a photonic crystal fiber based light source,” Opt. Express 13(14), 5363–5368 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Mildren, M. Convery, H. Pask, J. Piper, and T. McKay, “Efficient, all-solid-state, Raman laser in the yellow, orange and red,” Opt. Express 12(5), 785–790 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. Granados, H. M. Pask, and D. J. Spence, “Synchronously pumped continuous-wave mode-locked yellow Raman laser at 559 nm,” Opt. Express 17(2), 569–574 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Lett. (2)

G. McConnell, G. L. Smith, J. M. Girkin, A. M. Gurney, and A. I. Ferguson, “Two-photon microscopy of fura-2-loaded cardiac myocytes with an all-solid-state tunable and visible femtosecond laser source,” Opt. Lett. 28(19), 1742–1744 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. Lefort, K. Puech, S. D. Butterworth, Y. P. Svirko, and D. C. Hanna, “Generation of femtosecond pulses from order-of-magnitude pulse compression in a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled lithium niobate,” Opt. Lett. 24(1), 28–30 (1999).
[Crossref]

Prog. Quantum Electron. (2)

H. M. Pask, P. Dekker, R. P. Mildren, D. J. Spence, and J. A. Piper, “Wavelength-versatile visible and UV sources based on crystalline Raman lasers,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 32(3-4), 121–158 (2008).
[Crossref]

A. Penzkofer, A. Laubereau, and W. Kaiser, “High intensity Raman interactions,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 6(2), 55–140 (1979).
[Crossref]

Sov. J. Quantum Electron. (1)

G. G. Grigoryan and S. B. Sogomonyan, “Synchronously pumped picosecond Raman laser utilizing an LiIO3 crystal,” Sov. J. Quantum Electron., 1402 (1989).
[Crossref]

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Fig. 1 Setup for the multi-cavity continuous-wave mode-locked Raman oscillator.

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Fig. 2 Slope efficiencies for optimized resonators for 1st Stokes (open circles) and 2nd Stokes (open squares)

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Fig. 3 Output pulse duration (filled circles) and Output power (open squares) changing the cavity length of the resonator optimized for 1^st Stokes. (inset) Cross correlations of the output yellow pulses for different cavity length detunings.

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Fig. 4 Output pulse duration (filled circles) and Output power (open squares) changing the cavity length of the resonator optimized for 2^nd Stokes. (inset) Cross correlations of the output orange pulses for different cavity length detunings.

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Tables (1)

Table 1 Summary of results

View Table

	λ	Max Peak Power	Min Pulse duration	Max Output Power
Pump	532 nm	3.2 kW	28 ps	7 W
1^st Stokes	559 nm	1.92 kW (∆x₁ = +450 μm)	6.5 ps (∆x₁ = +500 μm)	2.5 W (∆x₁ = −100 μm)
2^nd Stokes	589 nm	2.85 kW (∆x₂ = +100 μm)	5.5 ps (∆x₂ = +200 μm)	1.4 W (∆x₂ = −200 μm)

Abstract

References

2009 (2)

2008 (1)

2005 (2)

2004 (2)

2003 (1)

1999 (1)

1989 (1)

1979 (1)

Basiev, T.

Boer, V.

Butterworth, S. D.

Chunaev, D. S.

Convery, M.

Coutts, D.

Dekker, P.

Ferguson, A. I.

Fuerbach, A.

Gerritsen, H.

Girkin, J. M.

Granados, E.

Grigoryan, G. G.

Gurney, A. M.

Hanna, D. C.

Kaiser, W.

Karasik, A.

Laubereau, A.

Lefort, L.

McConnell, G.

McKay, T.

Mildren, R.

Mildren, R. P.

Osiko, V.

Palero, J.

Pask, H.

Pask, H. M.

Penzkofer, A.

Piper, J.

Piper, J. A.

Puech, K.

Smith, G. L.

Sobol’, A. A.

Sogomonyan, S. B.

Spence, D.

Spence, D. J.

Sterenborg, H. J. C. M.

Svirko, Y. P.

Vijverberg, J.

Zverev, P.

Appl. Phys. B (1)

J. Exp. Theor. Phys. (1)

Microsc. Res. Tech. (1)

Opt. Express (3)

Opt. Lett. (2)

Prog. Quantum Electron. (2)

Sov. J. Quantum Electron. (1)

Cited By

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