Photonic integrated circuit optical buffer for packet-switched networks

Emily F. Burmeister; John P. Mack; Henrik N. Poulsen; Milan L. Mašanović; Biljana Stamenic; Daniel J. Blumenthal; John E. Bowers

doi:10.1364/OE.17.006629

Photonic integrated circuit optical buffer for packet-switched networks

Emily F. Burmeister, John P. Mack, Henrik N. Poulsen, Milan L. Mašanović, Biljana Stamenic, Daniel J. Blumenthal, and John E. Bowers

Optics Express
Vol. 17,
Issue 8,
pp. 6629-6635
(2009)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.17.006629

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Emily F. Burmeister, John P. Mack, Henrik N. Poulsen, Milan L. Mašanović, Biljana Stamenic, Daniel J. Blumenthal, and John E. Bowers, "Photonic integrated circuit optical buffer for packet-switched networks," Opt. Express 17, 6629-6635 (2009)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Fiber Optics and Optical Communications
Optics & Photonics Topics
?

The topics in this list come from the OSA Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.
Previously assigned OCIS codes
- Buffers, couplers, routers, switches, and multiplexers (060.1810)
- Photonic integrated circuits (250.5300)

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: February 23, 2009
- Revised Manuscript: March 31, 2009
- Manuscript Accepted: March 31, 2009
- Published: April 7, 2009

Accessible

Open Access

Abstract

A chip-scale optical buffer performs autonomous contention resolution for 40-byte packets with 99% packet recovery. The buffer consists of a fast, InP-based 2x2 optical switch and a silica-on-silicon low loss delay loop. The buffer is demonstrated in recirculating operation, but may be reconfigured in feed-forward operation for longer packet lengths. The recirculating buffer provides packet storage in integer multiples of the delay length of 12.86 ns up to 64.3 ns with 98% packet recovery. The buffer is used to resolve contention between two 40 Gb/s packet streams using multiple photonic chip optical buffers.

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References

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Year
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Author
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Publication

D. Blumenthal, B.-E. Olsson, G. Rossi, T. Dimmick, L. Rau, M. Mašanovic, O. Lavrova, R. Doshi, O. Jerphagnon, J. Bowers, V. Kaman, L. Coldren, and J. Barton, “All-optical label swapping networks and technologies,” IEEE J. of Lightwave Technol. 18, 2058–2075 (2000).
[Crossref]
G. I. Papadimitriou, C. Papazaoglou, and A. S. Pomportsis, “Optical switching: switch fabrics, techniques, and architectures,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 284–404 (2003).
E. F. Burmeister, D. J. Blumenthal, and J. E. Bowers, “A comparison of optical buffering technologies,” Optical Switching and Networking 5, 10–18 (2008).
[Crossref]
R. Langenhorst, M. Eiselt, W. Pieper, G. Groβkopf, R. Ludwig, L. Küller, E. Dietrich, and H. G. Weber, “Fiber loop optical buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 324–335 (1996).
[Crossref]
N. Chi, Z. Wang, and S. Yu, “A large variable delay, fast reconfigurable optical buffer based on multi-loop configuration and an optical crosspoint switch matrix,” Optical Fiber Com. Conf. OFC, OFO7 (2006).
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[Crossref]
D. F. Welch, F. A. Kish, R. Nagarajan, C. H. Joyner, R. P. Schneider, V. G. Dominic, M. L. Mitchell, S. G. Grubb, T.-K Chiang, D. D. Perkins, and A. C. Nilsson, “The realization of large-scale photonic integrated integrated circuits and the associated impact on fiber-optic communication systems,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 24, 4674–4683 (2006).
[Crossref]
P. C. Ku, F. Sedgwick, C. J. Chang-Hasnain, P. Palinginis, T. Li, H. Wang, S. W. Chang, and S. L. Chuang, “Slow light in semiconductor quantum wells,” Opt. Lett. 29, 2291–2293 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
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[Crossref] [PubMed]
R. S. Tucker, P.-C. Ku, and C. J. Chang-Hasnain, “Slow-light optical buffers: capabilities and fundamental limitations,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 4046–4066 (2005).
[Crossref]
E. F. Burmeister, J. P. Mack, H. N. Poulsen, J. Klamkin, L. A. Coldren, D. J. Blumenthal, and J. E. Bowers, “SOA gate array recirculating buffer with fiber delay loop,” Opt. Express 16, 8451–8456 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
M. Enachescu, Y. Ganjali, A. Goel, N. McKeown, and T. Roughgarden, “Part III: routers with very small buffers,” SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 35, 83–90 (2005).
[Crossref]

2008 (3)

E. F. Burmeister, D. J. Blumenthal, and J. E. Bowers, “A comparison of optical buffering technologies,” Optical Switching and Networking 5, 10–18 (2008).
[Crossref]

F. Morichetti, A. Melloni, C. Ferrari, and M. Martinelli, “Error-free continuously-tunable delay at 10 Gbit/s in a reconfigurable on-chip delay line,” Opt. Express 16, 8395–8405 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. F. Burmeister, J. P. Mack, H. N. Poulsen, J. Klamkin, L. A. Coldren, D. J. Blumenthal, and J. E. Bowers, “SOA gate array recirculating buffer with fiber delay loop,” Opt. Express 16, 8451–8456 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2007 (1)

B. A. Small, A. Shacham, and K. Bergman, “A modular, scalable, and transparent optical packet buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 25, 978–985 (2007).
[Crossref]

2006 (1)

D. F. Welch, F. A. Kish, R. Nagarajan, C. H. Joyner, R. P. Schneider, V. G. Dominic, M. L. Mitchell, S. G. Grubb, T.-K Chiang, D. D. Perkins, and A. C. Nilsson, “The realization of large-scale photonic integrated integrated circuits and the associated impact on fiber-optic communication systems,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 24, 4674–4683 (2006).
[Crossref]

2005 (2)

R. S. Tucker, P.-C. Ku, and C. J. Chang-Hasnain, “Slow-light optical buffers: capabilities and fundamental limitations,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 4046–4066 (2005).
[Crossref]

M. Enachescu, Y. Ganjali, A. Goel, N. McKeown, and T. Roughgarden, “Part III: routers with very small buffers,” SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 35, 83–90 (2005).
[Crossref]

2004 (1)

P. C. Ku, F. Sedgwick, C. J. Chang-Hasnain, P. Palinginis, T. Li, H. Wang, S. W. Chang, and S. L. Chuang, “Slow light in semiconductor quantum wells,” Opt. Lett. 29, 2291–2293 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2003 (1)

G. I. Papadimitriou, C. Papazaoglou, and A. S. Pomportsis, “Optical switching: switch fabrics, techniques, and architectures,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 284–404 (2003).

2000 (1)

D. Blumenthal, B.-E. Olsson, G. Rossi, T. Dimmick, L. Rau, M. Mašanovic, O. Lavrova, R. Doshi, O. Jerphagnon, J. Bowers, V. Kaman, L. Coldren, and J. Barton, “All-optical label swapping networks and technologies,” IEEE J. of Lightwave Technol. 18, 2058–2075 (2000).
[Crossref]

1996 (1)

R. Langenhorst, M. Eiselt, W. Pieper, G. Groβkopf, R. Ludwig, L. Küller, E. Dietrich, and H. G. Weber, “Fiber loop optical buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 324–335 (1996).
[Crossref]

Barton, J.

Bergman, K.

B. A. Small, A. Shacham, and K. Bergman, “A modular, scalable, and transparent optical packet buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 25, 978–985 (2007).
[Crossref]

Blumenthal, D.

Blumenthal, D. J.

E. F. Burmeister, D. J. Blumenthal, and J. E. Bowers, “A comparison of optical buffering technologies,” Optical Switching and Networking 5, 10–18 (2008).
[Crossref]

Bowers, J.

Bowers, J. E.

E. F. Burmeister, D. J. Blumenthal, and J. E. Bowers, “A comparison of optical buffering technologies,” Optical Switching and Networking 5, 10–18 (2008).
[Crossref]

Burmeister, E. F.

E. F. Burmeister, D. J. Blumenthal, and J. E. Bowers, “A comparison of optical buffering technologies,” Optical Switching and Networking 5, 10–18 (2008).
[Crossref]

Chang, S. W.

Chang-Hasnain, C. J.

R. S. Tucker, P.-C. Ku, and C. J. Chang-Hasnain, “Slow-light optical buffers: capabilities and fundamental limitations,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 4046–4066 (2005).
[Crossref]

Chi, N.

N. Chi, Z. Wang, and S. Yu, “A large variable delay, fast reconfigurable optical buffer based on multi-loop configuration and an optical crosspoint switch matrix,” Optical Fiber Com. Conf. OFC, OFO7 (2006).

Chiang, T.-K

Chuang, S. L.

Coldren, L.

Coldren, L. A.

Dietrich, E.

R. Langenhorst, M. Eiselt, W. Pieper, G. Groβkopf, R. Ludwig, L. Küller, E. Dietrich, and H. G. Weber, “Fiber loop optical buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 324–335 (1996).
[Crossref]

Dimmick, T.

Dominic, V. G.

Doshi, R.

Eiselt, M.

R. Langenhorst, M. Eiselt, W. Pieper, G. Groβkopf, R. Ludwig, L. Küller, E. Dietrich, and H. G. Weber, “Fiber loop optical buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 324–335 (1996).
[Crossref]

Enachescu, M.

M. Enachescu, Y. Ganjali, A. Goel, N. McKeown, and T. Roughgarden, “Part III: routers with very small buffers,” SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 35, 83–90 (2005).
[Crossref]

Ferrari, C.

Ganjali, Y.

M. Enachescu, Y. Ganjali, A. Goel, N. McKeown, and T. Roughgarden, “Part III: routers with very small buffers,” SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 35, 83–90 (2005).
[Crossref]

Goel, A.

M. Enachescu, Y. Ganjali, A. Goel, N. McKeown, and T. Roughgarden, “Part III: routers with very small buffers,” SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 35, 83–90 (2005).
[Crossref]

Großkopf, G.

R. Langenhorst, M. Eiselt, W. Pieper, G. Groβkopf, R. Ludwig, L. Küller, E. Dietrich, and H. G. Weber, “Fiber loop optical buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 324–335 (1996).
[Crossref]

Grubb, S. G.

Jerphagnon, O.

Joyner, C. H.

Kaman, V.

Kish, F. A.

Klamkin, J.

Ku, P. C.

Ku, P.-C.

R. S. Tucker, P.-C. Ku, and C. J. Chang-Hasnain, “Slow-light optical buffers: capabilities and fundamental limitations,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 4046–4066 (2005).
[Crossref]

Küller, L.

R. Langenhorst, M. Eiselt, W. Pieper, G. Groβkopf, R. Ludwig, L. Küller, E. Dietrich, and H. G. Weber, “Fiber loop optical buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 324–335 (1996).
[Crossref]

Langenhorst, R.

R. Langenhorst, M. Eiselt, W. Pieper, G. Groβkopf, R. Ludwig, L. Küller, E. Dietrich, and H. G. Weber, “Fiber loop optical buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 324–335 (1996).
[Crossref]

Lavrova, O.

Li, T.

Ludwig, R.

R. Langenhorst, M. Eiselt, W. Pieper, G. Groβkopf, R. Ludwig, L. Küller, E. Dietrich, and H. G. Weber, “Fiber loop optical buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 324–335 (1996).
[Crossref]

Mack, J. P.

Martinelli, M.

Mašanovic, M.

McKeown, N.

M. Enachescu, Y. Ganjali, A. Goel, N. McKeown, and T. Roughgarden, “Part III: routers with very small buffers,” SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 35, 83–90 (2005).
[Crossref]

Melloni, A.

Mitchell, M. L.

Morichetti, F.

Nagarajan, R.

Nilsson, A. C.

Olsson, B.-E.

Palinginis, P.

Papadimitriou, G. I.

G. I. Papadimitriou, C. Papazaoglou, and A. S. Pomportsis, “Optical switching: switch fabrics, techniques, and architectures,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 284–404 (2003).

Papazaoglou, C.

G. I. Papadimitriou, C. Papazaoglou, and A. S. Pomportsis, “Optical switching: switch fabrics, techniques, and architectures,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 284–404 (2003).

Perkins, D. D.

Pieper, W.

R. Langenhorst, M. Eiselt, W. Pieper, G. Groβkopf, R. Ludwig, L. Küller, E. Dietrich, and H. G. Weber, “Fiber loop optical buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 324–335 (1996).
[Crossref]

Pomportsis, A. S.

G. I. Papadimitriou, C. Papazaoglou, and A. S. Pomportsis, “Optical switching: switch fabrics, techniques, and architectures,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 284–404 (2003).

Poulsen, H. N.

Rau, L.

Rossi, G.

Roughgarden, T.

M. Enachescu, Y. Ganjali, A. Goel, N. McKeown, and T. Roughgarden, “Part III: routers with very small buffers,” SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 35, 83–90 (2005).
[Crossref]

Schneider, R. P.

Sedgwick, F.

Shacham, A.

B. A. Small, A. Shacham, and K. Bergman, “A modular, scalable, and transparent optical packet buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 25, 978–985 (2007).
[Crossref]

Small, B. A.

B. A. Small, A. Shacham, and K. Bergman, “A modular, scalable, and transparent optical packet buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 25, 978–985 (2007).
[Crossref]

Tucker, R. S.

R. S. Tucker, P.-C. Ku, and C. J. Chang-Hasnain, “Slow-light optical buffers: capabilities and fundamental limitations,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 4046–4066 (2005).
[Crossref]

Wang, H.

Wang, Z.

Weber, H. G.

R. Langenhorst, M. Eiselt, W. Pieper, G. Groβkopf, R. Ludwig, L. Küller, E. Dietrich, and H. G. Weber, “Fiber loop optical buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 324–335 (1996).
[Crossref]

Welch, D. F.

Yu, S.

IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. (5)

G. I. Papadimitriou, C. Papazaoglou, and A. S. Pomportsis, “Optical switching: switch fabrics, techniques, and architectures,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 284–404 (2003).

R. Langenhorst, M. Eiselt, W. Pieper, G. Groβkopf, R. Ludwig, L. Küller, E. Dietrich, and H. G. Weber, “Fiber loop optical buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 324–335 (1996).
[Crossref]

B. A. Small, A. Shacham, and K. Bergman, “A modular, scalable, and transparent optical packet buffer,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 25, 978–985 (2007).
[Crossref]

R. S. Tucker, P.-C. Ku, and C. J. Chang-Hasnain, “Slow-light optical buffers: capabilities and fundamental limitations,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 4046–4066 (2005).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. of Lightwave Technol. (1)

Opt. Express (2)

Opt. Lett. (1)

Optical Switching and Networking (1)

E. F. Burmeister, D. J. Blumenthal, and J. E. Bowers, “A comparison of optical buffering technologies,” Optical Switching and Networking 5, 10–18 (2008).
[Crossref]

SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. (1)

M. Enachescu, Y. Ganjali, A. Goel, N. McKeown, and T. Roughgarden, “Part III: routers with very small buffers,” SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 35, 83–90 (2005).
[Crossref]

Other (1)

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Fig. 1. Schematics of: a.) a recirculating buffer, b.) feed-forward buffer, and c.) buffer enabling speed-up.

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Fig. 2. Schematic of an SOA gate matrix switch with a delay.

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Fig. 3. (a). Dynamic range of input power for one circulation with 40 Gb/s RZ 2³¹-1 PRBS. Insets show scope traces of the bit stream. (b) Packet recovery measurements showing 98% packet recovery for up to 5 circulations, or 64 ns of storage, using a silica delay chip.

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Fig. 4. Schematic of the set-up for resolving contention between two buffered packet streams.

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Fig. 5. Oscilloscope traces showing packets at the inputs to the buffers, after the buffer outputs, and the combined output.

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Fig. 6. Packet recovery measurements for the first (a.) and second (b) buffered channels.

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Fig. 7. Schematic of the set-up for contention between a delay path and a packet stream.

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Fig. 8. Oscilloscope traces showing packets in the empty contention path, at the input to the buffer, after the buffer output, and the combined output.

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Fig. 9. Packet recovery measurements for the packet stream using two optical buffers.

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