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Mode-induced transverse photodarkening loss variations in large-mode-area ytterbium doped silica fibers

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Abstract

Transverse photodarkening loss variations in an LMA Yb-DCF are experimentally studied. Photodarkening rate depends on inversion, which is affected by the pump induced increase and signal induced depletion of the inversion. In double-clad fibers, intensity distributions of the pump and signal modes and their overlap with the core are significantly different, leading to transverse differences in inversion within the core. Moreover, practical fiber laser configurations aim at generating and preserving only the fundamental transverse-mode thus creating a high contrast in inversion within the core. Therefore, dramatically different rates of photodarkening across the core of the active fiber can be expected. We demonstrate the existence of transverse mode-induced photodarkening loss variations in an LMA Yb-DCF laser and discuss its implications. Composition-related transverse photodarkening loss variations are measured to be negligible in the studied Yb-DCF.

©2008 Optical Society of America

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Figures (8)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Photodarkening-induced excess loss spectra measured in the different experiments (losses are scaled with sample length). Noise between 850-1000 nm (due to Yb-absorption) has been removed from experiment #3.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Simulated inversion profiles for three different experimental configurations for a 20-µm-diameter LMA core. LP01-mode profile is calculated for a 60-mm-diameter fiber bend radius and was applied in calculation of inversion profiles of exp. #2 and #3.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Setup used in experiment #1. CF is a color filter (Schott BG40), 20/125 is a 20-µm-core, low-NA passive fiber (high index coating), 20/125DC is a double cladding (low index coating) matched passive, L is a microscope objective (60x), and CCD is a beam-imaging digital camera (Spiricon LSB-230).
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. (a) Near-field intensity profiles of pristine and photodarkened (5 minutes) fiber. (b) Intensity change profile with the inset graph showing the intensity change distribution.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Setup used in experiment #2. The fiber pigtail of a single-mode pump laser diode is spliced onto a matching 20-µm-core, low-NA passive fiber (high index coating) through a mode-converter. L is a microscope objective (60x).
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. (a) Near-field intensity profiles of pristine and photodarkened (15 minutes) fiber. (b) Intensity change profile with the inset graph showing the intensity change distribution.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. Setup used in experiment #3. DF is a dichroic filter (HR @ 1030-1100 nm, HT @ 900-980 nm), L1 and L2 are aspheric lenses (f: 11 mm and 4.5 mm, respectively).
Fig. 8.
Fig. 8. (a) Near-field intensity distributions of pristine and photodarkened (90 minutes) fiber. (b) Intensity change profile with the inset graph showing the intensity change distribution..
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