Abstract

We predict existence and study properties of the coupled core-surface solitons in hollow-core photonic crystal fibers. These solitons exist in the spectral proximity of the avoided crossings of the propagation constants of the modes guided in the air core and at the interface between the core and photonic crystal cladding.

©2004 Optical Society of America

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References

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  1. P.St.J. Russell, “Photonic crystal fibers,” Science 299, 358–362 (2003).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  2. C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, J.A. West, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Low-loss hollow-core silica/air photonic bandgap fiber,” Nature 424, 657–659 (2003).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  3. F. Benabid, J.C. Knight, G. Antonopoulos G, and P.S.J. Russell, “Stimulated Raman scattering in hydrogen-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber,” Science 298, 399–402 (2002).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  4. S.O. Konorov, A.B. Fedotov, and A.M. Zheltikov, “Enhanced four-wave mixing in a hollow-core photonic-crystal fiber,” Opt. Lett. 28, 1448–1450 (2003).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  5. D.G. Ouzounov, F.R. Ahmad, D. Müller, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, M.G. Thomas, J. Silcox, K.W. Koch, and A.L. Gaeta, “Generation of megawatt optical solitons in hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Science 301, 1702–1704 (2003).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  6. F. Luan, J.C. Knight, P.S.J. Russell, S. Campbell, D. Xiao, D.T. Reid, B.J. Mangan, D.P. Williams, and P.J. Roberts, “Femtosecond soliton pulse delivery at 800nm wavelength in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers,” Opt. Express 12, 835–840 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-5-835
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  7. D.C. Alan, N.F. Borrelli, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, J.A. West, P. Zhang, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes and loss in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Proc. of SPIE 5000, 161–174 (2003).
    [Crossref]
  8. K. Saitoh, N.A. Mortensen, and M. Koshiba, “Air-core photonic band-gap fibers: the impact of surface modes,” Opt. Express 12, 394–400 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-3-394
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  9. J.A. West, C.M. Smith, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Opt. Express 12, 1485–1496 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1485
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  10. G. Humbert, J.C. Knight, G. Bouwmans, P.St.J. Russell, D.P. Williams, P.J. Roberts, and B.J. Mangan, “Hollow core photonic crystal fibers for beam delivery,”  121477–1484, (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1477
  11. D.L. Miles, Nonlinear Optics (Springer, Berlin, 1998).
    [Crossref]
  12. V.M. Agranovich, V.I. Rupasov, and V.Y. Chernyak, “Self-induced transparency of surface-polaritons,” JETP Lett. 33, 185–188 (1981).
  13. V.M. Agranovich, D.M. Basko, A.D. Boardman, A.M. Kamchatnov, and T.A. Leskova, “Surface solitons due to second order cascaded nonlinearity,” Opt. Commun. 160, 114–118 (1999).
    [Crossref]
  14. C.M. de Sterke and J.E. Sipe, “Coupled modes and the nonlinear Schrodinger-equation,” Phys. Rev. A 42, 550–555 (1990).
    [Crossref]
  15. G.P. Agrawal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics (Academic Press, San Diego, 2001).
  16. S. Wabnitz, “Forward mode-coupling in periodic nonlinear-optical fibers - Modal dispersion cancellation and resonance solitons,” Opt. Lett. 141071–1073 (1989).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  17. G. Van Simaes, S. Coen, M. Haelterman, and S. Trillo, “Observation of resonance soliton trapping due to a photoinduced gap in wave number,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 223902 (2004).
    [Crossref]
  18. F. Biancalana, D.V. Skryabin, and A.V. Yulin, “Theory of the soliton self-frequency shift compensation by the resonant radiation in photonic crystal fibers,” Phys. Rev. E 70, 016615 (2004).
    [Crossref]

2004 (6)

G. Humbert, J.C. Knight, G. Bouwmans, P.St.J. Russell, D.P. Williams, P.J. Roberts, and B.J. Mangan, “Hollow core photonic crystal fibers for beam delivery,”  121477–1484, (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1477

G. Van Simaes, S. Coen, M. Haelterman, and S. Trillo, “Observation of resonance soliton trapping due to a photoinduced gap in wave number,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 223902 (2004).
[Crossref]

F. Biancalana, D.V. Skryabin, and A.V. Yulin, “Theory of the soliton self-frequency shift compensation by the resonant radiation in photonic crystal fibers,” Phys. Rev. E 70, 016615 (2004).
[Crossref]

K. Saitoh, N.A. Mortensen, and M. Koshiba, “Air-core photonic band-gap fibers: the impact of surface modes,” Opt. Express 12, 394–400 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-3-394
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Luan, J.C. Knight, P.S.J. Russell, S. Campbell, D. Xiao, D.T. Reid, B.J. Mangan, D.P. Williams, and P.J. Roberts, “Femtosecond soliton pulse delivery at 800nm wavelength in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers,” Opt. Express 12, 835–840 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-5-835
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J.A. West, C.M. Smith, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Opt. Express 12, 1485–1496 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1485
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2003 (5)

S.O. Konorov, A.B. Fedotov, and A.M. Zheltikov, “Enhanced four-wave mixing in a hollow-core photonic-crystal fiber,” Opt. Lett. 28, 1448–1450 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P.St.J. Russell, “Photonic crystal fibers,” Science 299, 358–362 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, J.A. West, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Low-loss hollow-core silica/air photonic bandgap fiber,” Nature 424, 657–659 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D.G. Ouzounov, F.R. Ahmad, D. Müller, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, M.G. Thomas, J. Silcox, K.W. Koch, and A.L. Gaeta, “Generation of megawatt optical solitons in hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Science 301, 1702–1704 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D.C. Alan, N.F. Borrelli, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, J.A. West, P. Zhang, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes and loss in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Proc. of SPIE 5000, 161–174 (2003).
[Crossref]

2002 (1)

F. Benabid, J.C. Knight, G. Antonopoulos G, and P.S.J. Russell, “Stimulated Raman scattering in hydrogen-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber,” Science 298, 399–402 (2002).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1999 (1)

V.M. Agranovich, D.M. Basko, A.D. Boardman, A.M. Kamchatnov, and T.A. Leskova, “Surface solitons due to second order cascaded nonlinearity,” Opt. Commun. 160, 114–118 (1999).
[Crossref]

1990 (1)

C.M. de Sterke and J.E. Sipe, “Coupled modes and the nonlinear Schrodinger-equation,” Phys. Rev. A 42, 550–555 (1990).
[Crossref]

1989 (1)

1981 (1)

V.M. Agranovich, V.I. Rupasov, and V.Y. Chernyak, “Self-induced transparency of surface-polaritons,” JETP Lett. 33, 185–188 (1981).

Agranovich, V.M.

V.M. Agranovich, D.M. Basko, A.D. Boardman, A.M. Kamchatnov, and T.A. Leskova, “Surface solitons due to second order cascaded nonlinearity,” Opt. Commun. 160, 114–118 (1999).
[Crossref]

V.M. Agranovich, V.I. Rupasov, and V.Y. Chernyak, “Self-induced transparency of surface-polaritons,” JETP Lett. 33, 185–188 (1981).

Agrawal, G.P.

G.P. Agrawal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics (Academic Press, San Diego, 2001).

Ahmad, F.R.

D.G. Ouzounov, F.R. Ahmad, D. Müller, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, M.G. Thomas, J. Silcox, K.W. Koch, and A.L. Gaeta, “Generation of megawatt optical solitons in hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Science 301, 1702–1704 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Alan, D.C.

J.A. West, C.M. Smith, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Opt. Express 12, 1485–1496 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1485
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, J.A. West, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Low-loss hollow-core silica/air photonic bandgap fiber,” Nature 424, 657–659 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D.C. Alan, N.F. Borrelli, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, J.A. West, P. Zhang, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes and loss in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Proc. of SPIE 5000, 161–174 (2003).
[Crossref]

Antonopoulos G, G.

F. Benabid, J.C. Knight, G. Antonopoulos G, and P.S.J. Russell, “Stimulated Raman scattering in hydrogen-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber,” Science 298, 399–402 (2002).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Basko, D.M.

V.M. Agranovich, D.M. Basko, A.D. Boardman, A.M. Kamchatnov, and T.A. Leskova, “Surface solitons due to second order cascaded nonlinearity,” Opt. Commun. 160, 114–118 (1999).
[Crossref]

Benabid, F.

F. Benabid, J.C. Knight, G. Antonopoulos G, and P.S.J. Russell, “Stimulated Raman scattering in hydrogen-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber,” Science 298, 399–402 (2002).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Biancalana, F.

F. Biancalana, D.V. Skryabin, and A.V. Yulin, “Theory of the soliton self-frequency shift compensation by the resonant radiation in photonic crystal fibers,” Phys. Rev. E 70, 016615 (2004).
[Crossref]

Boardman, A.D.

V.M. Agranovich, D.M. Basko, A.D. Boardman, A.M. Kamchatnov, and T.A. Leskova, “Surface solitons due to second order cascaded nonlinearity,” Opt. Commun. 160, 114–118 (1999).
[Crossref]

Borrelli, N.F.

J.A. West, C.M. Smith, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Opt. Express 12, 1485–1496 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1485
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, J.A. West, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Low-loss hollow-core silica/air photonic bandgap fiber,” Nature 424, 657–659 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D.C. Alan, N.F. Borrelli, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, J.A. West, P. Zhang, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes and loss in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Proc. of SPIE 5000, 161–174 (2003).
[Crossref]

Bouwmans, G.

G. Humbert, J.C. Knight, G. Bouwmans, P.St.J. Russell, D.P. Williams, P.J. Roberts, and B.J. Mangan, “Hollow core photonic crystal fibers for beam delivery,”  121477–1484, (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1477

Campbell, S.

Chernyak, V.Y.

V.M. Agranovich, V.I. Rupasov, and V.Y. Chernyak, “Self-induced transparency of surface-polaritons,” JETP Lett. 33, 185–188 (1981).

Coen, S.

G. Van Simaes, S. Coen, M. Haelterman, and S. Trillo, “Observation of resonance soliton trapping due to a photoinduced gap in wave number,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 223902 (2004).
[Crossref]

de Sterke, C.M.

C.M. de Sterke and J.E. Sipe, “Coupled modes and the nonlinear Schrodinger-equation,” Phys. Rev. A 42, 550–555 (1990).
[Crossref]

Fedotov, A.B.

Gaeta, A.L.

D.G. Ouzounov, F.R. Ahmad, D. Müller, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, M.G. Thomas, J. Silcox, K.W. Koch, and A.L. Gaeta, “Generation of megawatt optical solitons in hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Science 301, 1702–1704 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gallagher, M.T.

D.C. Alan, N.F. Borrelli, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, J.A. West, P. Zhang, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes and loss in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Proc. of SPIE 5000, 161–174 (2003).
[Crossref]

D.G. Ouzounov, F.R. Ahmad, D. Müller, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, M.G. Thomas, J. Silcox, K.W. Koch, and A.L. Gaeta, “Generation of megawatt optical solitons in hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Science 301, 1702–1704 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, J.A. West, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Low-loss hollow-core silica/air photonic bandgap fiber,” Nature 424, 657–659 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Haelterman, M.

G. Van Simaes, S. Coen, M. Haelterman, and S. Trillo, “Observation of resonance soliton trapping due to a photoinduced gap in wave number,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 223902 (2004).
[Crossref]

Humbert, G.

G. Humbert, J.C. Knight, G. Bouwmans, P.St.J. Russell, D.P. Williams, P.J. Roberts, and B.J. Mangan, “Hollow core photonic crystal fibers for beam delivery,”  121477–1484, (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1477

Kamchatnov, A.M.

V.M. Agranovich, D.M. Basko, A.D. Boardman, A.M. Kamchatnov, and T.A. Leskova, “Surface solitons due to second order cascaded nonlinearity,” Opt. Commun. 160, 114–118 (1999).
[Crossref]

Knight, J.C.

F. Luan, J.C. Knight, P.S.J. Russell, S. Campbell, D. Xiao, D.T. Reid, B.J. Mangan, D.P. Williams, and P.J. Roberts, “Femtosecond soliton pulse delivery at 800nm wavelength in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers,” Opt. Express 12, 835–840 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-5-835
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Humbert, J.C. Knight, G. Bouwmans, P.St.J. Russell, D.P. Williams, P.J. Roberts, and B.J. Mangan, “Hollow core photonic crystal fibers for beam delivery,”  121477–1484, (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1477

F. Benabid, J.C. Knight, G. Antonopoulos G, and P.S.J. Russell, “Stimulated Raman scattering in hydrogen-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber,” Science 298, 399–402 (2002).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Koch, K.W.

J.A. West, C.M. Smith, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Opt. Express 12, 1485–1496 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1485
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, J.A. West, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Low-loss hollow-core silica/air photonic bandgap fiber,” Nature 424, 657–659 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D.C. Alan, N.F. Borrelli, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, J.A. West, P. Zhang, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes and loss in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Proc. of SPIE 5000, 161–174 (2003).
[Crossref]

D.G. Ouzounov, F.R. Ahmad, D. Müller, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, M.G. Thomas, J. Silcox, K.W. Koch, and A.L. Gaeta, “Generation of megawatt optical solitons in hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Science 301, 1702–1704 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Konorov, S.O.

Koshiba, M.

Leskova, T.A.

V.M. Agranovich, D.M. Basko, A.D. Boardman, A.M. Kamchatnov, and T.A. Leskova, “Surface solitons due to second order cascaded nonlinearity,” Opt. Commun. 160, 114–118 (1999).
[Crossref]

Luan, F.

Mangan, B.J.

F. Luan, J.C. Knight, P.S.J. Russell, S. Campbell, D. Xiao, D.T. Reid, B.J. Mangan, D.P. Williams, and P.J. Roberts, “Femtosecond soliton pulse delivery at 800nm wavelength in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers,” Opt. Express 12, 835–840 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-5-835
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Humbert, J.C. Knight, G. Bouwmans, P.St.J. Russell, D.P. Williams, P.J. Roberts, and B.J. Mangan, “Hollow core photonic crystal fibers for beam delivery,”  121477–1484, (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1477

Miles, D.L.

D.L. Miles, Nonlinear Optics (Springer, Berlin, 1998).
[Crossref]

Mortensen, N.A.

Müller, D.

D.C. Alan, N.F. Borrelli, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, J.A. West, P. Zhang, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes and loss in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Proc. of SPIE 5000, 161–174 (2003).
[Crossref]

C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, J.A. West, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Low-loss hollow-core silica/air photonic bandgap fiber,” Nature 424, 657–659 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D.G. Ouzounov, F.R. Ahmad, D. Müller, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, M.G. Thomas, J. Silcox, K.W. Koch, and A.L. Gaeta, “Generation of megawatt optical solitons in hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Science 301, 1702–1704 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ouzounov, D.G.

D.G. Ouzounov, F.R. Ahmad, D. Müller, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, M.G. Thomas, J. Silcox, K.W. Koch, and A.L. Gaeta, “Generation of megawatt optical solitons in hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Science 301, 1702–1704 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Reid, D.T.

Roberts, P.J.

F. Luan, J.C. Knight, P.S.J. Russell, S. Campbell, D. Xiao, D.T. Reid, B.J. Mangan, D.P. Williams, and P.J. Roberts, “Femtosecond soliton pulse delivery at 800nm wavelength in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers,” Opt. Express 12, 835–840 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-5-835
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Humbert, J.C. Knight, G. Bouwmans, P.St.J. Russell, D.P. Williams, P.J. Roberts, and B.J. Mangan, “Hollow core photonic crystal fibers for beam delivery,”  121477–1484, (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1477

Rupasov, V.I.

V.M. Agranovich, V.I. Rupasov, and V.Y. Chernyak, “Self-induced transparency of surface-polaritons,” JETP Lett. 33, 185–188 (1981).

Russell, P.S.J.

Russell, P.St.J.

G. Humbert, J.C. Knight, G. Bouwmans, P.St.J. Russell, D.P. Williams, P.J. Roberts, and B.J. Mangan, “Hollow core photonic crystal fibers for beam delivery,”  121477–1484, (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1477

P.St.J. Russell, “Photonic crystal fibers,” Science 299, 358–362 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Saitoh, K.

Silcox, J.

D.G. Ouzounov, F.R. Ahmad, D. Müller, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, M.G. Thomas, J. Silcox, K.W. Koch, and A.L. Gaeta, “Generation of megawatt optical solitons in hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Science 301, 1702–1704 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sipe, J.E.

C.M. de Sterke and J.E. Sipe, “Coupled modes and the nonlinear Schrodinger-equation,” Phys. Rev. A 42, 550–555 (1990).
[Crossref]

Skryabin, D.V.

F. Biancalana, D.V. Skryabin, and A.V. Yulin, “Theory of the soliton self-frequency shift compensation by the resonant radiation in photonic crystal fibers,” Phys. Rev. E 70, 016615 (2004).
[Crossref]

Smith, C.M.

J.A. West, C.M. Smith, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Opt. Express 12, 1485–1496 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1485
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D.C. Alan, N.F. Borrelli, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, J.A. West, P. Zhang, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes and loss in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Proc. of SPIE 5000, 161–174 (2003).
[Crossref]

C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, J.A. West, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Low-loss hollow-core silica/air photonic bandgap fiber,” Nature 424, 657–659 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Thomas, M.G.

D.G. Ouzounov, F.R. Ahmad, D. Müller, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, M.G. Thomas, J. Silcox, K.W. Koch, and A.L. Gaeta, “Generation of megawatt optical solitons in hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Science 301, 1702–1704 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Trillo, S.

G. Van Simaes, S. Coen, M. Haelterman, and S. Trillo, “Observation of resonance soliton trapping due to a photoinduced gap in wave number,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 223902 (2004).
[Crossref]

Van Simaes, G.

G. Van Simaes, S. Coen, M. Haelterman, and S. Trillo, “Observation of resonance soliton trapping due to a photoinduced gap in wave number,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 223902 (2004).
[Crossref]

Venkataraman, N.

D.G. Ouzounov, F.R. Ahmad, D. Müller, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, M.G. Thomas, J. Silcox, K.W. Koch, and A.L. Gaeta, “Generation of megawatt optical solitons in hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Science 301, 1702–1704 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, J.A. West, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Low-loss hollow-core silica/air photonic bandgap fiber,” Nature 424, 657–659 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D.C. Alan, N.F. Borrelli, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, J.A. West, P. Zhang, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes and loss in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Proc. of SPIE 5000, 161–174 (2003).
[Crossref]

Wabnitz, S.

West, J.A.

J.A. West, C.M. Smith, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Opt. Express 12, 1485–1496 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1485
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D.C. Alan, N.F. Borrelli, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, J.A. West, P. Zhang, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes and loss in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Proc. of SPIE 5000, 161–174 (2003).
[Crossref]

C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, J.A. West, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Low-loss hollow-core silica/air photonic bandgap fiber,” Nature 424, 657–659 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Williams, D.P.

G. Humbert, J.C. Knight, G. Bouwmans, P.St.J. Russell, D.P. Williams, P.J. Roberts, and B.J. Mangan, “Hollow core photonic crystal fibers for beam delivery,”  121477–1484, (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1477

F. Luan, J.C. Knight, P.S.J. Russell, S. Campbell, D. Xiao, D.T. Reid, B.J. Mangan, D.P. Williams, and P.J. Roberts, “Femtosecond soliton pulse delivery at 800nm wavelength in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers,” Opt. Express 12, 835–840 (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-5-835
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Xiao, D.

Yulin, A.V.

F. Biancalana, D.V. Skryabin, and A.V. Yulin, “Theory of the soliton self-frequency shift compensation by the resonant radiation in photonic crystal fibers,” Phys. Rev. E 70, 016615 (2004).
[Crossref]

Zhang, P.

D.C. Alan, N.F. Borrelli, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, J.A. West, P. Zhang, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes and loss in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Proc. of SPIE 5000, 161–174 (2003).
[Crossref]

Zheltikov, A.M.

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Nature (1)

C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, J.A. West, N.F. Borrelli, D.C. Alan, and K.W. Koch, “Low-loss hollow-core silica/air photonic bandgap fiber,” Nature 424, 657–659 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Commun. (1)

V.M. Agranovich, D.M. Basko, A.D. Boardman, A.M. Kamchatnov, and T.A. Leskova, “Surface solitons due to second order cascaded nonlinearity,” Opt. Commun. 160, 114–118 (1999).
[Crossref]

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Opt. Lett. (2)

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[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. E (1)

F. Biancalana, D.V. Skryabin, and A.V. Yulin, “Theory of the soliton self-frequency shift compensation by the resonant radiation in photonic crystal fibers,” Phys. Rev. E 70, 016615 (2004).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. Lett. (1)

G. Van Simaes, S. Coen, M. Haelterman, and S. Trillo, “Observation of resonance soliton trapping due to a photoinduced gap in wave number,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 223902 (2004).
[Crossref]

Proc. of SPIE (1)

D.C. Alan, N.F. Borrelli, M.T. Gallagher, D. Müller, C.M. Smith, N. Venkataraman, J.A. West, P. Zhang, and K.W. Koch, “Surface modes and loss in air-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Proc. of SPIE 5000, 161–174 (2003).
[Crossref]

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F. Benabid, J.C. Knight, G. Antonopoulos G, and P.S.J. Russell, “Stimulated Raman scattering in hydrogen-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber,” Science 298, 399–402 (2002).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D.G. Ouzounov, F.R. Ahmad, D. Müller, N. Venkataraman, M.T. Gallagher, M.G. Thomas, J. Silcox, K.W. Koch, and A.L. Gaeta, “Generation of megawatt optical solitons in hollow-core photonic band-gap fibers,” Science 301, 1702–1704 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P.St.J. Russell, “Photonic crystal fibers,” Science 299, 358–362 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Other (3)

G. Humbert, J.C. Knight, G. Bouwmans, P.St.J. Russell, D.P. Williams, P.J. Roberts, and B.J. Mangan, “Hollow core photonic crystal fibers for beam delivery,”  121477–1484, (2004), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-12-8-1477

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[Crossref]

G.P. Agrawal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics (Academic Press, San Diego, 2001).

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Figures (4)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. (a) Black lines (full and dashed) show the effective refractive indices of the two supermodes undergoing avoided crossing at 1580nm. Straight red, blue and green lines show effective refractive indices of the Fourier components of the coupled core-surface soliton for q = 0 and different values of w. (b) Group velocity dispersion parameter β 2 as function of the wavelength for the same supermodes.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. (a) Temporal profiles of the amplitudes of the core (full line) and surface (dashed line) components of the coupled core-surface soliton for q = -0.7 and w = -0.5. (b) Dependencies of the peak power vs FWHM for the core surface solitons calculated for q = 0 and different values of w. Full green lines correspond to the core and dashed red lines to the surface components, respectively. For q = w = 0 the amplitude profiles of the core and surface components are identical, which explains overlap of the two lines.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Results of the numerical modelling of Eqs. (3,6) showing z evolution of the squared amplitudes of the core (a) and surface (b) modes resulting in formation of the coupled core-surface soliton. Only the core mode is excited initially. Initial conditions are shown by the red lines in (a) and (b). Peak pump power is 100kW, pump wavelength is 1580nm and pulse duration is 1ps.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. The same as Fig. 3, but with 5ps pump pulse.

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Equations (6)

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∂ Z A c + α c ∂ T A c − iκ A s = i D c ( i ∂ T ) A c + i 𝓝 c ,
∂ Z A s + α s ∂ T A s − iκ A c = i D s ( i ∂ T ) A s + i 𝓝 s − Γ A s .
∂ z F c − sgn ( v ) ∂ t F c − i F s = 0 ,
∂ z F s + sgn ( v ) ∂ t F s − i F c = i ∣ F s ∣ 2 F s − Γ ˜ F s .
i [ w + 1 ] ∂ ξ f c = f s − q f c , i [ w − 1 ] ∂ ξ f s = f c − q f s + ∣ f s ∣ 2 f s .
∂ z F s + sgn ( v ) ∂ t F s − i F c = i F s ∫ − ∞ + ∞ R ( t ′ ) ∣ F s ( t − t ′ , z ) ∣ 2 dt ′ − Γ ˜ F s ,

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