Second-harmonic generation in mixed hemicyanine: fatty-acid Langmuir–Blodgett monolayers

I. R. Girling; N. A. Cade; P. V. Kolinsky; R. J. Jones; I. R. Peterson; M. M. Ahmad; D. B. Neal; M. C. Petty; G. G. Roberts; W. J. Feast

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.4.000950

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 4,
Issue 6,
pp. 950-955
(1987)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.4.000950

Second-harmonic generation in mixed hemicyanine: fatty-acid Langmuir–Blodgett monolayers

I. R. Girling, N. A. Cade, P. V. Kolinsky, R. J. Jones, I. R. Peterson, M. M. Ahmad, D. B. Neal, M. C. Petty, G. G. Roberts, and W. J. Feast

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I. R. Girling, N. A. Cade, P. V. Kolinsky, R. J. Jones, I. R. Peterson, M. M. Ahmad, D. B. Neal, M. C. Petty, G. G. Roberts, and W. J. Feast, "Second-harmonic generation in mixed hemicyanine: fatty-acid Langmuir–Blodgett monolayers," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 4, 950-955 (1987)

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Abstract

The second-order nonlinear optical properties of a hemicyanine-dye-containing monolayer are measured by using second-harmonic generation. An unexpected large enhancement of the second-harmonic signal from the dye is observed on dilution by optically passive fatty acid, with the maximum enhancement occurring at around 50% dilution. Possible mechanisms are discussed.

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Second-Harmonic Signal	Dye Fractional Area

	0.149	0.555	1.000
R^p^→^p	5.94 ± 1.04 × 10⁻⁷	32.75 ± 1.42 × 10⁻⁶	24.57 ± 3.15 × 10⁻⁶
T^p^→^p	1.45 ± 0.32 × 10⁻⁵	3.15 ± 0.32 × 10⁻⁴	1.17 ± 0.22 × 10⁻⁴
R^p^→^s	3.57 ± 1.23 × 10⁻⁸	6.78 ± 0.92 × 10⁻⁷	3.54 ± 0.15 × 10⁻⁷
T^p^→^s	6.3 ± 2.0 × 10⁻⁸	2.42 ± 0.35 × 10⁻⁷	8.23 ± 0.31 × 10⁻⁷
R^s^→^s	3.38 ± 1.81 × 10⁻⁸	3.87 ± 0.52 × 10⁻⁷	3.25 ± 1.1 × 10⁻⁷
T^s^→^s	0.48 ± 0.11 × 10⁻⁸	5.72 ± 0.38 × 10⁻⁷	3.31 ± 1.11 × 10⁻⁷
T^s^→^p	1.25 ± 0.21 × 10⁻⁶	20.65 ± 1.8 × 10⁻⁶	6.16 ± 0.39 × 10⁻⁶
T^s^→^p	0.96 ± 0.04 × 10⁻⁶	21.27 ± 1.81 × 10⁻⁶	5.69 ± 0.44 × 10⁻⁶

Dye Fractional Area	$\frac{{\tilde{χ}}_{z z z}^{2}}{∊_{2} {∊_{1}}^{2}} (10^{- 20} m^{2} V^{- 1})$	$\frac{{\tilde{χ}}_{z x x}^{2}}{∊_{2}} (10^{- 20} m^{2} V^{- 1})$	$\frac{{\tilde{χ}}_{y y z}^{2}}{∊_{1}} (10^{- 20} m^{2} V^{- 1})$	∊₂^b
0.149	0.70	0.84	0.96	2.24
0.259	1.32	2.13	2.44	2.24
0.368	1.89	2.69	3.3	2.40
0.466	1.79	3.69	4.29	2.28
0.555	2.55	3.68	4.88	2.59
0.593	1.72	3.76	4.48	2.33
0.636	1.18	3.31	3.88	2.29
0.700	2.39	3.52	5.11	2.8
0.751	1.31	2.68	6.49	2.68
0.849	1.76	2.60	5.45	2.96
1.000	1.18	1.95	3.25	3.26

Dye Fractional Area	${\bar{ψ}}^{(0)}$	β (10⁻⁵⁰ C³ m³ J⁻²)^a
0.149	38.2	186
0.259	42.5	243
0.368	40.7	241
0.466	47.0	234
0.555	40.9	235
0.593	46.8	180
0.636	50.5	140
0.700	41.2	194
0.751	45.9	118
0.849	41.3	122
1.000	42.9	83

Second-Harmonic Signal	Dye Fractional Area

	0.149	0.555	1.000
R^p^→^p	5.94 ± 1.04 × 10⁻⁷	32.75 ± 1.42 × 10⁻⁶	24.57 ± 3.15 × 10⁻⁶
T^p^→^p	1.45 ± 0.32 × 10⁻⁵	3.15 ± 0.32 × 10⁻⁴	1.17 ± 0.22 × 10⁻⁴
R^p^→^s	3.57 ± 1.23 × 10⁻⁸	6.78 ± 0.92 × 10⁻⁷	3.54 ± 0.15 × 10⁻⁷
T^p^→^s	6.3 ± 2.0 × 10⁻⁸	2.42 ± 0.35 × 10⁻⁷	8.23 ± 0.31 × 10⁻⁷
R^s^→^s	3.38 ± 1.81 × 10⁻⁸	3.87 ± 0.52 × 10⁻⁷	3.25 ± 1.1 × 10⁻⁷
T^s^→^s	0.48 ± 0.11 × 10⁻⁸	5.72 ± 0.38 × 10⁻⁷	3.31 ± 1.11 × 10⁻⁷
T^s^→^p	1.25 ± 0.21 × 10⁻⁶	20.65 ± 1.8 × 10⁻⁶	6.16 ± 0.39 × 10⁻⁶
T^s^→^p	0.96 ± 0.04 × 10⁻⁶	21.27 ± 1.81 × 10⁻⁶	5.69 ± 0.44 × 10⁻⁶

Dye Fractional Area	$\frac{{\tilde{χ}}_{z z z}^{2}}{∊_{2} {∊_{1}}^{2}} (10^{- 20} m^{2} V^{- 1})$	$\frac{{\tilde{χ}}_{z x x}^{2}}{∊_{2}} (10^{- 20} m^{2} V^{- 1})$	$\frac{{\tilde{χ}}_{y y z}^{2}}{∊_{1}} (10^{- 20} m^{2} V^{- 1})$	∊₂^b
0.149	0.70	0.84	0.96	2.24
0.259	1.32	2.13	2.44	2.24
0.368	1.89	2.69	3.3	2.40
0.466	1.79	3.69	4.29	2.28
0.555	2.55	3.68	4.88	2.59
0.593	1.72	3.76	4.48	2.33
0.636	1.18	3.31	3.88	2.29
0.700	2.39	3.52	5.11	2.8
0.751	1.31	2.68	6.49	2.68
0.849	1.76	2.60	5.45	2.96
1.000	1.18	1.95	3.25	3.26

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Journal of the Optical Society of America B