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Production of 23Na Bose–Einstein condensates in the F = 2 state using D2 gray molasses

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Abstract

We report on the production of Bose–Einstein condensates of sodium atoms in the hyperfine state $|F = 2,{m_F} = 2\rangle$ in a crossed optical dipole trap using ${D_2}$ gray molasses. We use the gray molasses sub-Doppler cooling technique to obtain an atomic sample of $3 \times {10^8}$ at 56 µK. After the radio frequency (RF) evaporation cooling in an optically plugged magnetic trap, we transfer the atoms sample of $2.5 \times {10^6}$ at 5.7 µK to a crossed optical dipole trap where a pure condensate with an atom number of $2 \times {10^5}$ and lifetime of 6.3 s is obtained by further evaporation. We compare the cooling process of sodium atoms in the $|2,2\rangle$ and the $|1,1\rangle$ states by evaporation in the optical trap, and also observe the different three-body loss rates by the lifetime measurement.

© 2021 Optical Society of America

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