Even and odd harmonics-enhanced supercontinuum generation in zinc-blende semiconductors

Rosvaldas Šuminas; Agnė Marcinkevičiūtė; Gintaras Tamošauskas; Audrius Dubietis

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.36.000A22

Even and odd harmonics-enhanced supercontinuum generation in zinc-blende semiconductors

Rosvaldas Šuminas, Agnė Marcinkevičiūtė, Gintaras Tamošauskas, and Audrius Dubietis

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 36,
Issue 2,
pp. A22-A27
(2019)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.36.000A22

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Rosvaldas Šuminas, Agnė Marcinkevičiūtė, Gintaras Tamošauskas, and Audrius Dubietis, "Even and odd harmonics-enhanced supercontinuum generation in zinc-blende semiconductors," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 36, A22-A27 (2019)

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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: September 14, 2018
- Revised Manuscript: October 31, 2018
- Manuscript Accepted: October 31, 2018
- Published: December 3, 2018

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Abstract

We report on even and odd harmonics-enhanced supercontinuum generation in polycrystalline ZnS and ZnSe samples, as pumped by femtosecond mid-infrared pulses. We demonstrate that efficient generation of multiple harmonics takes place due to random quasi-phase matching, which is an intrinsic property of polycrystalline structure that supports multiple simultaneous three-wave mixing processes over a broad wavelength range. More specifically, using sub-μJ, 60 fs, 3.6 μm input pulses, we measured multi-octave supercontinuum spectra spanning the 0.4–5 μm and 0.5–5 μm wavelength ranges in ZnS and ZnSe samples of few mm thickness, respectively. Even and odd harmonics up to the 10th order in ZnS and up to the 8th order in ZnSe were recorded with the input pulses at 4.6 μm. In contrast, filamentation in ZnTe single crystal is shown to produce only a moderate spectral broadening, which is accompanied by the generation of just second and third harmonics, highlighting the advantages of the polycrystalline structure of zinc-blende semiconductors to generate ultrabroadband radiation.

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Publication

A. Dubietis, G. Tamošauskas, R. Šuminas, V. Jukna, and A. Couairon, “Ultrafast supercontinuum generation in bulk condensed media,” Lith. J. Phys. 57, 113–157 (2017).
[Crossref]
S. A. Frolov, V. I. Trunov, V. E. Leshchenko, and E. V. Pestryakov, “Multi-octave supercontinuum generation with IR radiation filamentation in transparent solid-state media,” Appl. Phys. B 122, 124 (2016).
[Crossref]
F. Silva, D. R. Austin, A. Thai, M. Baudisch, M. Hemmer, D. Faccio, A. Couairon, and J. Biegert, “Multi-octave supercontinuum generation from mid-infrared filamentation in a bulk crystal,” Nat. Commun. 3, 807 (2012).
[Crossref]
J. Darginavičius, D. Majus, V. Jukna, N. Garejev, G. Valiulis, A. Couairon, and A. Dubietis, “Ultrabroadband supercontinuum and third-harmonic generation in bulk solids with two optical-cycle carrier-envelope phase-stable pulses at 2 μm,” Opt. Express 21, 25210–25220 (2013).
[Crossref]
M. Liao, W. Gao, T. Cheng, X. Xue, Z. Duan, D. Deng, H. Kawashima, T. Suzuki, and Y. Ohishi, “Five-octave-spanning supercontinuum generation in fluoride glass,” Appl. Phys. Express 6, 032503 (2013).
[Crossref]
J. A. Dharmadhikari, R. A. Deshpande, A. Nath, K. Dota, D. Mathur, and A. K. Dharmadhikari, “Effect of group velocity dispersion on supercontinuum generation and filamentation in transparent solids,” Appl. Phys. B 117, 471–479 (2014).
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[Crossref]
N. Garejev, V. Jukna, G. Tamošauskas, M. Veličkė, R. Šuminas, A. Couairon, and A. Dubietis, “Odd harmonics-enhanced supercontinuum in bulk solid-state dielectric medium,” Opt. Express 24, 17060–17068 (2016).
[Crossref]
H. Fattahi, H. Wang, A. Alismail, G. Arisholm, V. Pervak, A. M. Azzeer, and F. Krausz, “Near-PHz-bandwidth, phase-stable continua generated from a Yb:YAG thin-disk amplifier,” Opt. Express 24, 24337–24346 (2016).
[Crossref]
N. Garejev, G. Tamošauskas, and A. Dubietis, “Comparative study of multioctave supercontinuum generation in fused silica, YAG and LiF in the range of anomalous group velocity dispersion,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 34, 88–94 (2017).
[Crossref]
A. Marcinkevičiūtė, N. Garejev, R. Šuminas, G. Tamošauskas, and A. Dubietis, “A compact, self-compression-based sub-3 optical cycle source in the 3–4 μm spectral range,” J. Opt. 19, 105505 (2017).
[Crossref]
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[Crossref]
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[Crossref]
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[Crossref]
B. Zhou and M. Bache, “Multiple-octave spanning mid-IR supercontinuum generation in bulk quadratic nonlinear crystals,” APL Photon. 1, 050802 (2016).
[Crossref]
Y. Yang, M. Liao, X. Li, W. Bi, Y. Ohishi, T. Cheng, Y. Fang, G. Zhao, and W. Gao, “Filamentation and supercontinuum generation in lanthanum glass,” J. Appl. Phys. 121, 023107 (2017).
[Crossref]
A. M. Stingel, H. Vanselous, and P. B. Petersen, “Covering the vibrational spectrum with microjoule mid-infrared supercontinuum pulses in nonlinear optical applications,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 34, 1163–1168 (2017).
[Crossref]
A. Marcinkevičiūtė, G. Tamošauskas, and A. Dubietis, “Supercontinuum generation in mixed thallous halides KRS-5 and KRS-6,” Opt. Mater. 78, 339–344 (2018).
[Crossref]
S. Vasilyev, I. Moskalev, M. Mirov, V. Smolski, S. Mirov, and V. Gapontsev, “Ultrafast middle-IR lasers and amplifiers based on polycrystalline Cr:ZnS and Cr:ZnSe,” Opt. Mater. Express 7, 2636–2650 (2017).
[Crossref]
S. B. Mirov, I. S. Moskalev, S. Vasilyev, V. Smolski, V. V. Fedorov, D. Martyshkin, J. Peppers, M. Mirov, A. Dergachev, and V. Gapontsev, “Frontiers of mid-IR lasers based on transition metal doped chalcogenides,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 24, 1601829 (2018).
[Crossref]
X. Ren, L. H. Mach, Y. Yin, Y. Wang, and Z. Chang, “Generation of 1 kHz, 2.3 mJ, 88 fs, 2.5 μm pulses from a Cr2+:ZnSe chirped pulse amplifier,” Opt. Lett. 43, 3381–3384 (2018).
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[Crossref]
O. Mouawad, P. Béjot, F. Billard, P. Mathey, B. Kibler, F. Désévédavy, G. Gadret, J.-C. Jules, O. Faucher, and F. Smektala, “Filament-induced visible-to-mid-IR supercontinuum in a ZnSe crystal: towards multi-octave supercontinuum absorption spectroscopy,” Opt. Mater. 60, 355–358 (2016).
[Crossref]
E. A. Migal, F. V. Potemkin, and V. M. Gordienko, “Highly efficient optical parametric amplifier tunable from near- to mid-IR for driving extreme nonlinear optics in solids,” Opt. Lett. 42, 5218–5221 (2017).
[Crossref]
R. Šuminas, G. Tamošauskas, N. Garejev, V. Jukna, A. Couairon, and A. Dubietis, “Multi-octave spanning nonlinear interactions induced by femtosecond filamentation in polycrystalline ZnSe,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 110, 241106 (2017).
[Crossref]
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[Crossref]
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[Crossref]
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[Crossref]
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[Crossref]
G. Valiulis, V. Jukna, O. Jedrkiewicz, M. Clerici, E. Rubino, and P. Di Trapani, “Propagation dynamics and X-pulse formation in phase-mismatched second-harmonic generation,” Phys. Rev. A 83, 043834 (2011).
[Crossref]
A. K. Dharmadhikari, J. A. Dharmadhikari, and D. Mathur, “Visualization of focusing-refocusing cycles during filamentation in BaF2,” Appl. Phys. B 94, 259–263 (2009).
[Crossref]

2018 (5)

A. Marcinkevičiūtė, G. Tamošauskas, and A. Dubietis, “Supercontinuum generation in mixed thallous halides KRS-5 and KRS-6,” Opt. Mater. 78, 339–344 (2018).
[Crossref]

S. B. Mirov, I. S. Moskalev, S. Vasilyev, V. Smolski, V. V. Fedorov, D. Martyshkin, J. Peppers, M. Mirov, A. Dergachev, and V. Gapontsev, “Frontiers of mid-IR lasers based on transition metal doped chalcogenides,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 24, 1601829 (2018).
[Crossref]

X. Ren, L. H. Mach, Y. Yin, Y. Wang, and Z. Chang, “Generation of 1 kHz, 2.3 mJ, 88 fs, 2.5 μm pulses from a Cr2+:ZnSe chirped pulse amplifier,” Opt. Lett. 43, 3381–3384 (2018).
[Crossref]

C. B. Marble, S. P. O’Connor, D. T. Nodurft, V. V. Yakovlev, and A. W. Wharmby, “Zinc selenide: an extraordinarily nonlinear material,” Proc. SPIE 10528, 105281X (2018).
[Crossref]

R. I. Grynko, G. C. Nagar, and B. Shim, “Wavelength-scaled laser filamentation in solids and plasma-assisted subcycle light-bullet generation in the long-wavelength infrared,” Phys. Rev. A 98, 023844 (2018).
[Crossref]

2017 (12)

G. M. Archipovaite, S. Petit, J.-C. Delagnes, and E. Cormier, “100 kHz Yb-fiber laser pumped 3 μm optical parametric amplifier for probing solid-state systems in the strong field regime,” Opt. Lett. 42, 891–894 (2017).
[Crossref]

T. Kanai, P. Malevich, S. S. Kangaparambil, K. Ishida, M. Mizui, K. Yamanouchi, H. Hoogland, R. Holzwarth, A. Pugzlys, and A. Baltuska, “Parametric amplification of 100 fs mid-infrared pulses in ZnGeP2 driven by a Ho:YAG chirped-pulse amplifier,” Opt. Lett. 42, 683–686 (2017).
[Crossref]

A. A. Lanin, E. A. Stepanov, A. B. Fedotov, and A. M. Zheltikov, “Mapping the electron band structure by intraband high-harmonic generation in solids,” Optica 4, 516–519 (2017).
[Crossref]

S. Vasilyev, I. Moskalev, M. Mirov, V. Smolski, S. Mirov, and V. Gapontsev, “Ultrafast middle-IR lasers and amplifiers based on polycrystalline Cr:ZnS and Cr:ZnSe,” Opt. Mater. Express 7, 2636–2650 (2017).
[Crossref]

Y. Yang, M. Liao, X. Li, W. Bi, Y. Ohishi, T. Cheng, Y. Fang, G. Zhao, and W. Gao, “Filamentation and supercontinuum generation in lanthanum glass,” J. Appl. Phys. 121, 023107 (2017).
[Crossref]

A. M. Stingel, H. Vanselous, and P. B. Petersen, “Covering the vibrational spectrum with microjoule mid-infrared supercontinuum pulses in nonlinear optical applications,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 34, 1163–1168 (2017).
[Crossref]

Q. Ru, N. Lee, X. Chen, K. Zhong, G. Tsoy, M. Mirov, S. Vasilyev, S. B. Mirov, and K. L. Vodopyanov, “Optical parametric oscillation in a random polycrystalline medium,” Optica 4, 617–618 (2017).
[Crossref]

E. A. Migal, F. V. Potemkin, and V. M. Gordienko, “Highly efficient optical parametric amplifier tunable from near- to mid-IR for driving extreme nonlinear optics in solids,” Opt. Lett. 42, 5218–5221 (2017).
[Crossref]

R. Šuminas, G. Tamošauskas, N. Garejev, V. Jukna, A. Couairon, and A. Dubietis, “Multi-octave spanning nonlinear interactions induced by femtosecond filamentation in polycrystalline ZnSe,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 110, 241106 (2017).
[Crossref]

A. Dubietis, G. Tamošauskas, R. Šuminas, V. Jukna, and A. Couairon, “Ultrafast supercontinuum generation in bulk condensed media,” Lith. J. Phys. 57, 113–157 (2017).
[Crossref]

N. Garejev, G. Tamošauskas, and A. Dubietis, “Comparative study of multioctave supercontinuum generation in fused silica, YAG and LiF in the range of anomalous group velocity dispersion,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 34, 88–94 (2017).
[Crossref]

A. Marcinkevičiūtė, N. Garejev, R. Šuminas, G. Tamošauskas, and A. Dubietis, “A compact, self-compression-based sub-3 optical cycle source in the 3–4 μm spectral range,” J. Opt. 19, 105505 (2017).
[Crossref]

2016 (6)

P. Béjot, F. Billard, C. Peureux, T. Diard, J. Picot-Clémente, C. Strutynski, P. Mathey, O. Mouawad, O. Faucher, K. Nagasaka, Y. Ohishi, and F. Smektala, “Filamentation-induced spectral broadening and pulse shortening of infrared pulses in Tellurite glass,” Opt. Commun. 380, 245–249 (2016).
[Crossref]

B. Zhou and M. Bache, “Multiple-octave spanning mid-IR supercontinuum generation in bulk quadratic nonlinear crystals,” APL Photon. 1, 050802 (2016).
[Crossref]

S. A. Frolov, V. I. Trunov, V. E. Leshchenko, and E. V. Pestryakov, “Multi-octave supercontinuum generation with IR radiation filamentation in transparent solid-state media,” Appl. Phys. B 122, 124 (2016).
[Crossref]

N. Garejev, V. Jukna, G. Tamošauskas, M. Veličkė, R. Šuminas, A. Couairon, and A. Dubietis, “Odd harmonics-enhanced supercontinuum in bulk solid-state dielectric medium,” Opt. Express 24, 17060–17068 (2016).
[Crossref]

H. Fattahi, H. Wang, A. Alismail, G. Arisholm, V. Pervak, A. M. Azzeer, and F. Krausz, “Near-PHz-bandwidth, phase-stable continua generated from a Yb:YAG thin-disk amplifier,” Opt. Express 24, 24337–24346 (2016).
[Crossref]

O. Mouawad, P. Béjot, F. Billard, P. Mathey, B. Kibler, F. Désévédavy, G. Gadret, J.-C. Jules, O. Faucher, and F. Smektala, “Filament-induced visible-to-mid-IR supercontinuum in a ZnSe crystal: towards multi-octave supercontinuum absorption spectroscopy,” Opt. Mater. 60, 355–358 (2016).
[Crossref]

2015 (4)

H. Liang, P. Krogen, R. Grynko, O. Novak, C.-L. Chang, G. J. Stein, D. Weerawarne, B. Shim, F. X. Kärtner, and K.-H. Hong, “Three-octave-spanning supercontinuum generation and sub-two-cycle self-compression of mid-infrared filaments in dielectrics,” Opt. Lett. 40, 1069–1072 (2015).
[Crossref]

A. E. Dormidonov, V. O. Kompanets, S. V. Chekalin, and V. P. Kandidov, “Giantically blue-shifted visible light in femtosecond mid-IR filament in fluorides,” Opt. Express 23, 29202–29210 (2015).
[Crossref]

A. A. Lanin, A. A. Voronin, E. A. Stepanov, A. B. Fedotov, and A. M. Zheltikov, “Multioctave, 3–18 μm sub-two-cycle supercontinua from self-compressing, self-focusing soliton transients in a solid,” Opt. Lett. 40, 974–977 (2015).
[Crossref]

O. Mouawad, P. Béjot, F. Billard, P. Mathey, B. Kibler, F. Désévédavy, G. Gadret, J.-C. Jules, O. Faucher, and F. Smektala, “Mid-infrared filamentation-induced supercontinuum in As-S and an As-free Ge-S counterpart chalcogenide glasses,” Appl. Phys. B 121, 433–438 (2015).
[Crossref]

2014 (3)

J. A. Dharmadhikari, R. A. Deshpande, A. Nath, K. Dota, D. Mathur, and A. K. Dharmadhikari, “Effect of group velocity dispersion on supercontinuum generation and filamentation in transparent solids,” Appl. Phys. B 117, 471–479 (2014).
[Crossref]

L. Gallais and M. Commandré, “Laser-induced damage thresholds of bulk and coating optical materials at 1030 nm, 500 fs,” Appl. Opt. 53, A186–A196 (2014).
[Crossref]

M. Durand, A. Houard, K. Lim, A. Durécu, O. Vasseur, and M. Richardson, “Study of filamentation threshold in zinc selenide,” Opt. Express 22, 5852–5858 (2014).
[Crossref]

2013 (4)

M. Liao, W. Gao, T. Cheng, Z. Duan, X. Xue, H. Kawashima, T. Suzuki, and Y. Ohishi, “Ultrabroad supercontinuum generation through filamentation in tellurite glass,” Laser Phys. Lett. 10, 036002 (2013).
[Crossref]

Y. Yu, X. Gai, T. Wang, P. Ma, R. Wang, Z. Yang, D.-Y. Choi, S. Madden, and B. Luther-Davies, “Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in chalcogenides,” Opt. Mater. Express 3, 1075–1086 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Darginavičius, D. Majus, V. Jukna, N. Garejev, G. Valiulis, A. Couairon, and A. Dubietis, “Ultrabroadband supercontinuum and third-harmonic generation in bulk solids with two optical-cycle carrier-envelope phase-stable pulses at 2 μm,” Opt. Express 21, 25210–25220 (2013).
[Crossref]

M. Liao, W. Gao, T. Cheng, X. Xue, Z. Duan, D. Deng, H. Kawashima, T. Suzuki, and Y. Ohishi, “Five-octave-spanning supercontinuum generation in fluoride glass,” Appl. Phys. Express 6, 032503 (2013).
[Crossref]

2012 (1)

F. Silva, D. R. Austin, A. Thai, M. Baudisch, M. Hemmer, D. Faccio, A. Couairon, and J. Biegert, “Multi-octave supercontinuum generation from mid-infrared filamentation in a bulk crystal,” Nat. Commun. 3, 807 (2012).
[Crossref]

2011 (1)

G. Valiulis, V. Jukna, O. Jedrkiewicz, M. Clerici, E. Rubino, and P. Di Trapani, “Propagation dynamics and X-pulse formation in phase-mismatched second-harmonic generation,” Phys. Rev. A 83, 043834 (2011).
[Crossref]

2010 (1)

A. Arie and N. Voloch, “Periodic, quasi-periodic, and random quadratic nonlinear photonic crystals,” Laser Photon. Rev. 4, 355–373 (2010).
[Crossref]

2009 (2)

S. Ashihara and Y. Kawahara, “Spectral broadening of mid-infrared femtosecond pulses in GaAs,” Opt. Lett. 34, 3839–3841 (2009).
[Crossref]

A. K. Dharmadhikari, J. A. Dharmadhikari, and D. Mathur, “Visualization of focusing-refocusing cycles during filamentation in BaF2,” Appl. Phys. B 94, 259–263 (2009).
[Crossref]

2004 (1)

M. Baudrier-Raybaut, R. Haïdar, Ph. Kupecek, Ph. Lemasson, and E. Rosencher, “Random quasi-phase-matching in bulk polycrystalline isotropic nonlinear materials,” Nature 432, 374–376 (2004).
[Crossref]

2001 (1)

A. H. Chin, O. G. Calderón, and J. Kono, “Extreme midinfrared nonlinear optics in semiconductors,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3292–3295 (2001).
[Crossref]

1999 (1)

M. Mlejnek, E. M. Wright, J. V. Moloney, and N. Bloembergen, “Second harmonic generation of femtosecond pulses at the boundary of a nonlinear dielectric,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 2934–2937 (1999).
[Crossref]

1998 (1)

H. P. Wagner, M. Kühnelt, W. Langbein, and J. M. Hvam, “Dispersion of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility in ZnTe, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Phys. Rev. B 58, 10494–10501 (1998).
[Crossref]

1996 (1)

R. DeSalvo, A. A. Said, D. J. Hagan, E. W. Van Stryland, and M. Sheik-Bahae, “Infrared to ultraviolet measurements of two-photon absorption and n2 in wide bandgap solids,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 32, 1324–1333 (1996).
[Crossref]

1994 (1)

T. D. Krauss and F. W. Wise, “Femtosecond measurement of nonlinear absorption and refraction in CdS, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 1739–1741 (1994).
[Crossref]

1991 (1)

M. Sheik-Bahae, D. C. Hutchings, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Dispersion of bound electronic nonlinear refraction in solids,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27, 1296–1309 (1991).
[Crossref]

1984 (1)

M. Debenham, “Refractive indices of zinc sulfide in the 0.40–13 μm wavelength range,” Appl. Opt. 23, 2238–2239 (1984).
[Crossref]

Alismail, A.

Archipovaite, G. M.

Arie, A.

A. Arie and N. Voloch, “Periodic, quasi-periodic, and random quadratic nonlinear photonic crystals,” Laser Photon. Rev. 4, 355–373 (2010).
[Crossref]

Arisholm, G.

Ashihara, S.

S. Ashihara and Y. Kawahara, “Spectral broadening of mid-infrared femtosecond pulses in GaAs,” Opt. Lett. 34, 3839–3841 (2009).
[Crossref]

Austin, D. R.

Azzeer, A. M.

Bache, M.

B. Zhou and M. Bache, “Multiple-octave spanning mid-IR supercontinuum generation in bulk quadratic nonlinear crystals,” APL Photon. 1, 050802 (2016).
[Crossref]

Baltuska, A.

Baudisch, M.

Baudrier-Raybaut, M.

Béjot, P.

Bi, W.

Y. Yang, M. Liao, X. Li, W. Bi, Y. Ohishi, T. Cheng, Y. Fang, G. Zhao, and W. Gao, “Filamentation and supercontinuum generation in lanthanum glass,” J. Appl. Phys. 121, 023107 (2017).
[Crossref]

Biegert, J.

Billard, F.

Bloembergen, N.

Calderón, O. G.

A. H. Chin, O. G. Calderón, and J. Kono, “Extreme midinfrared nonlinear optics in semiconductors,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3292–3295 (2001).
[Crossref]

Chang, C.-L.

Chang, Z.

X. Ren, L. H. Mach, Y. Yin, Y. Wang, and Z. Chang, “Generation of 1 kHz, 2.3 mJ, 88 fs, 2.5 μm pulses from a Cr2+:ZnSe chirped pulse amplifier,” Opt. Lett. 43, 3381–3384 (2018).
[Crossref]

Chekalin, S. V.

Chen, X.

Cheng, T.

Y. Yang, M. Liao, X. Li, W. Bi, Y. Ohishi, T. Cheng, Y. Fang, G. Zhao, and W. Gao, “Filamentation and supercontinuum generation in lanthanum glass,” J. Appl. Phys. 121, 023107 (2017).
[Crossref]

Chin, A. H.

A. H. Chin, O. G. Calderón, and J. Kono, “Extreme midinfrared nonlinear optics in semiconductors,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3292–3295 (2001).
[Crossref]

Choi, D.-Y.

Clerici, M.

Commandré, M.

L. Gallais and M. Commandré, “Laser-induced damage thresholds of bulk and coating optical materials at 1030 nm, 500 fs,” Appl. Opt. 53, A186–A196 (2014).
[Crossref]

Cormier, E.

Couairon, A.

A. Dubietis, G. Tamošauskas, R. Šuminas, V. Jukna, and A. Couairon, “Ultrafast supercontinuum generation in bulk condensed media,” Lith. J. Phys. 57, 113–157 (2017).
[Crossref]

Darginavicius, J.

Debenham, M.

M. Debenham, “Refractive indices of zinc sulfide in the 0.40–13 μm wavelength range,” Appl. Opt. 23, 2238–2239 (1984).
[Crossref]

Delagnes, J.-C.

Deng, D.

Dergachev, A.

DeSalvo, R.

Désévédavy, F.

Deshpande, R. A.

Dharmadhikari, A. K.

A. K. Dharmadhikari, J. A. Dharmadhikari, and D. Mathur, “Visualization of focusing-refocusing cycles during filamentation in BaF2,” Appl. Phys. B 94, 259–263 (2009).
[Crossref]

Dharmadhikari, J. A.

A. K. Dharmadhikari, J. A. Dharmadhikari, and D. Mathur, “Visualization of focusing-refocusing cycles during filamentation in BaF2,” Appl. Phys. B 94, 259–263 (2009).
[Crossref]

Di Trapani, P.

Diard, T.

Dormidonov, A. E.

Dota, K.

Duan, Z.

Dubietis, A.

A. Marcinkevičiūtė, G. Tamošauskas, and A. Dubietis, “Supercontinuum generation in mixed thallous halides KRS-5 and KRS-6,” Opt. Mater. 78, 339–344 (2018).
[Crossref]

A. Dubietis, G. Tamošauskas, R. Šuminas, V. Jukna, and A. Couairon, “Ultrafast supercontinuum generation in bulk condensed media,” Lith. J. Phys. 57, 113–157 (2017).
[Crossref]

Durand, M.

M. Durand, A. Houard, K. Lim, A. Durécu, O. Vasseur, and M. Richardson, “Study of filamentation threshold in zinc selenide,” Opt. Express 22, 5852–5858 (2014).
[Crossref]

Durécu, A.

M. Durand, A. Houard, K. Lim, A. Durécu, O. Vasseur, and M. Richardson, “Study of filamentation threshold in zinc selenide,” Opt. Express 22, 5852–5858 (2014).
[Crossref]

Faccio, D.

Fang, Y.

Y. Yang, M. Liao, X. Li, W. Bi, Y. Ohishi, T. Cheng, Y. Fang, G. Zhao, and W. Gao, “Filamentation and supercontinuum generation in lanthanum glass,” J. Appl. Phys. 121, 023107 (2017).
[Crossref]

Fattahi, H.

Faucher, O.

Fedorov, V. V.

Fedotov, A. B.

A. A. Lanin, E. A. Stepanov, A. B. Fedotov, and A. M. Zheltikov, “Mapping the electron band structure by intraband high-harmonic generation in solids,” Optica 4, 516–519 (2017).
[Crossref]

Frolov, S. A.

Gadret, G.

Gai, X.

Gallais, L.

L. Gallais and M. Commandré, “Laser-induced damage thresholds of bulk and coating optical materials at 1030 nm, 500 fs,” Appl. Opt. 53, A186–A196 (2014).
[Crossref]

Gao, W.

Y. Yang, M. Liao, X. Li, W. Bi, Y. Ohishi, T. Cheng, Y. Fang, G. Zhao, and W. Gao, “Filamentation and supercontinuum generation in lanthanum glass,” J. Appl. Phys. 121, 023107 (2017).
[Crossref]

Gapontsev, V.

Garejev, N.

Gordienko, V. M.

Grynko, R.

Grynko, R. I.

Hagan, D. J.

M. Sheik-Bahae, D. C. Hutchings, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Dispersion of bound electronic nonlinear refraction in solids,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27, 1296–1309 (1991).
[Crossref]

Haïdar, R.

Hemmer, M.

Holzwarth, R.

Hong, K.-H.

Hoogland, H.

Houard, A.

M. Durand, A. Houard, K. Lim, A. Durécu, O. Vasseur, and M. Richardson, “Study of filamentation threshold in zinc selenide,” Opt. Express 22, 5852–5858 (2014).
[Crossref]

Hutchings, D. C.

M. Sheik-Bahae, D. C. Hutchings, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Dispersion of bound electronic nonlinear refraction in solids,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27, 1296–1309 (1991).
[Crossref]

Hvam, J. M.

H. P. Wagner, M. Kühnelt, W. Langbein, and J. M. Hvam, “Dispersion of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility in ZnTe, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Phys. Rev. B 58, 10494–10501 (1998).
[Crossref]

Ishida, K.

Jedrkiewicz, O.

Jukna, V.

A. Dubietis, G. Tamošauskas, R. Šuminas, V. Jukna, and A. Couairon, “Ultrafast supercontinuum generation in bulk condensed media,” Lith. J. Phys. 57, 113–157 (2017).
[Crossref]

Jules, J.-C.

Kanai, T.

Kandidov, V. P.

Kangaparambil, S. S.

Kärtner, F. X.

Kawahara, Y.

S. Ashihara and Y. Kawahara, “Spectral broadening of mid-infrared femtosecond pulses in GaAs,” Opt. Lett. 34, 3839–3841 (2009).
[Crossref]

Kawashima, H.

Kibler, B.

Kompanets, V. O.

Kono, J.

A. H. Chin, O. G. Calderón, and J. Kono, “Extreme midinfrared nonlinear optics in semiconductors,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3292–3295 (2001).
[Crossref]

Krauss, T. D.

T. D. Krauss and F. W. Wise, “Femtosecond measurement of nonlinear absorption and refraction in CdS, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 1739–1741 (1994).
[Crossref]

Krausz, F.

Krogen, P.

Kühnelt, M.

H. P. Wagner, M. Kühnelt, W. Langbein, and J. M. Hvam, “Dispersion of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility in ZnTe, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Phys. Rev. B 58, 10494–10501 (1998).
[Crossref]

Kupecek, Ph.

Langbein, W.

H. P. Wagner, M. Kühnelt, W. Langbein, and J. M. Hvam, “Dispersion of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility in ZnTe, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Phys. Rev. B 58, 10494–10501 (1998).
[Crossref]

Lanin, A. A.

A. A. Lanin, E. A. Stepanov, A. B. Fedotov, and A. M. Zheltikov, “Mapping the electron band structure by intraband high-harmonic generation in solids,” Optica 4, 516–519 (2017).
[Crossref]

Lee, N.

Lemasson, Ph.

Leshchenko, V. E.

Li, X.

Y. Yang, M. Liao, X. Li, W. Bi, Y. Ohishi, T. Cheng, Y. Fang, G. Zhao, and W. Gao, “Filamentation and supercontinuum generation in lanthanum glass,” J. Appl. Phys. 121, 023107 (2017).
[Crossref]

Liang, H.

Liao, M.

Y. Yang, M. Liao, X. Li, W. Bi, Y. Ohishi, T. Cheng, Y. Fang, G. Zhao, and W. Gao, “Filamentation and supercontinuum generation in lanthanum glass,” J. Appl. Phys. 121, 023107 (2017).
[Crossref]

Lim, K.

M. Durand, A. Houard, K. Lim, A. Durécu, O. Vasseur, and M. Richardson, “Study of filamentation threshold in zinc selenide,” Opt. Express 22, 5852–5858 (2014).
[Crossref]

Luther-Davies, B.

Ma, P.

Mach, L. H.

X. Ren, L. H. Mach, Y. Yin, Y. Wang, and Z. Chang, “Generation of 1 kHz, 2.3 mJ, 88 fs, 2.5 μm pulses from a Cr2+:ZnSe chirped pulse amplifier,” Opt. Lett. 43, 3381–3384 (2018).
[Crossref]

Madden, S.

Majus, D.

Malevich, P.

Marble, C. B.

C. B. Marble, S. P. O’Connor, D. T. Nodurft, V. V. Yakovlev, and A. W. Wharmby, “Zinc selenide: an extraordinarily nonlinear material,” Proc. SPIE 10528, 105281X (2018).
[Crossref]

Marcinkeviciute, A.

A. Marcinkevičiūtė, G. Tamošauskas, and A. Dubietis, “Supercontinuum generation in mixed thallous halides KRS-5 and KRS-6,” Opt. Mater. 78, 339–344 (2018).
[Crossref]

Martyshkin, D.

Mathey, P.

Mathur, D.

A. K. Dharmadhikari, J. A. Dharmadhikari, and D. Mathur, “Visualization of focusing-refocusing cycles during filamentation in BaF2,” Appl. Phys. B 94, 259–263 (2009).
[Crossref]

Migal, E. A.

Mirov, M.

Mirov, S.

Mirov, S. B.

Mizui, M.

Mlejnek, M.

Moloney, J. V.

Moskalev, I.

Moskalev, I. S.

Mouawad, O.

Nagar, G. C.

Nagasaka, K.

Nath, A.

Nodurft, D. T.

C. B. Marble, S. P. O’Connor, D. T. Nodurft, V. V. Yakovlev, and A. W. Wharmby, “Zinc selenide: an extraordinarily nonlinear material,” Proc. SPIE 10528, 105281X (2018).
[Crossref]

Novak, O.

O’Connor, S. P.

C. B. Marble, S. P. O’Connor, D. T. Nodurft, V. V. Yakovlev, and A. W. Wharmby, “Zinc selenide: an extraordinarily nonlinear material,” Proc. SPIE 10528, 105281X (2018).
[Crossref]

Ohishi, Y.

Y. Yang, M. Liao, X. Li, W. Bi, Y. Ohishi, T. Cheng, Y. Fang, G. Zhao, and W. Gao, “Filamentation and supercontinuum generation in lanthanum glass,” J. Appl. Phys. 121, 023107 (2017).
[Crossref]

Peppers, J.

Pervak, V.

Pestryakov, E. V.

Petersen, P. B.

Petit, S.

Peureux, C.

Picot-Clémente, J.

Potemkin, F. V.

Pugzlys, A.

Ren, X.

X. Ren, L. H. Mach, Y. Yin, Y. Wang, and Z. Chang, “Generation of 1 kHz, 2.3 mJ, 88 fs, 2.5 μm pulses from a Cr2+:ZnSe chirped pulse amplifier,” Opt. Lett. 43, 3381–3384 (2018).
[Crossref]

Richardson, M.

M. Durand, A. Houard, K. Lim, A. Durécu, O. Vasseur, and M. Richardson, “Study of filamentation threshold in zinc selenide,” Opt. Express 22, 5852–5858 (2014).
[Crossref]

Rosencher, E.

Ru, Q.

Rubino, E.

Said, A. A.

Sheik-Bahae, M.

M. Sheik-Bahae, D. C. Hutchings, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Dispersion of bound electronic nonlinear refraction in solids,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27, 1296–1309 (1991).
[Crossref]

Shim, B.

Silva, F.

Smektala, F.

Smolski, V.

Stein, G. J.

Stepanov, E. A.

A. A. Lanin, E. A. Stepanov, A. B. Fedotov, and A. M. Zheltikov, “Mapping the electron band structure by intraband high-harmonic generation in solids,” Optica 4, 516–519 (2017).
[Crossref]

Stingel, A. M.

Strutynski, C.

Šuminas, R.

A. Dubietis, G. Tamošauskas, R. Šuminas, V. Jukna, and A. Couairon, “Ultrafast supercontinuum generation in bulk condensed media,” Lith. J. Phys. 57, 113–157 (2017).
[Crossref]

Suzuki, T.

Tamošauskas, G.

A. Marcinkevičiūtė, G. Tamošauskas, and A. Dubietis, “Supercontinuum generation in mixed thallous halides KRS-5 and KRS-6,” Opt. Mater. 78, 339–344 (2018).
[Crossref]

A. Dubietis, G. Tamošauskas, R. Šuminas, V. Jukna, and A. Couairon, “Ultrafast supercontinuum generation in bulk condensed media,” Lith. J. Phys. 57, 113–157 (2017).
[Crossref]

Thai, A.

Trunov, V. I.

Tsoy, G.

Valiulis, G.

Van Stryland, E. W.

M. Sheik-Bahae, D. C. Hutchings, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Dispersion of bound electronic nonlinear refraction in solids,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27, 1296–1309 (1991).
[Crossref]

Vanselous, H.

Vasilyev, S.

Vasseur, O.

M. Durand, A. Houard, K. Lim, A. Durécu, O. Vasseur, and M. Richardson, “Study of filamentation threshold in zinc selenide,” Opt. Express 22, 5852–5858 (2014).
[Crossref]

Velicke, M.

Vodopyanov, K. L.

Voloch, N.

A. Arie and N. Voloch, “Periodic, quasi-periodic, and random quadratic nonlinear photonic crystals,” Laser Photon. Rev. 4, 355–373 (2010).
[Crossref]

Voronin, A. A.

Wagner, H. P.

H. P. Wagner, M. Kühnelt, W. Langbein, and J. M. Hvam, “Dispersion of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility in ZnTe, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Phys. Rev. B 58, 10494–10501 (1998).
[Crossref]

Wang, H.

Wang, R.

Wang, T.

Wang, Y.

X. Ren, L. H. Mach, Y. Yin, Y. Wang, and Z. Chang, “Generation of 1 kHz, 2.3 mJ, 88 fs, 2.5 μm pulses from a Cr2+:ZnSe chirped pulse amplifier,” Opt. Lett. 43, 3381–3384 (2018).
[Crossref]

Weber, M. J.

M. J. Weber, Handbook of Optical Materials (CRC Press, 2003).

Weerawarne, D.

Wharmby, A. W.

C. B. Marble, S. P. O’Connor, D. T. Nodurft, V. V. Yakovlev, and A. W. Wharmby, “Zinc selenide: an extraordinarily nonlinear material,” Proc. SPIE 10528, 105281X (2018).
[Crossref]

Wise, F. W.

T. D. Krauss and F. W. Wise, “Femtosecond measurement of nonlinear absorption and refraction in CdS, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 1739–1741 (1994).
[Crossref]

Wright, E. M.

Xue, X.

Yakovlev, V. V.

C. B. Marble, S. P. O’Connor, D. T. Nodurft, V. V. Yakovlev, and A. W. Wharmby, “Zinc selenide: an extraordinarily nonlinear material,” Proc. SPIE 10528, 105281X (2018).
[Crossref]

Yamanouchi, K.

Yang, Y.

Y. Yang, M. Liao, X. Li, W. Bi, Y. Ohishi, T. Cheng, Y. Fang, G. Zhao, and W. Gao, “Filamentation and supercontinuum generation in lanthanum glass,” J. Appl. Phys. 121, 023107 (2017).
[Crossref]

Yang, Z.

Yin, Y.

X. Ren, L. H. Mach, Y. Yin, Y. Wang, and Z. Chang, “Generation of 1 kHz, 2.3 mJ, 88 fs, 2.5 μm pulses from a Cr2+:ZnSe chirped pulse amplifier,” Opt. Lett. 43, 3381–3384 (2018).
[Crossref]

Yu, Y.

Zhao, G.

Y. Yang, M. Liao, X. Li, W. Bi, Y. Ohishi, T. Cheng, Y. Fang, G. Zhao, and W. Gao, “Filamentation and supercontinuum generation in lanthanum glass,” J. Appl. Phys. 121, 023107 (2017).
[Crossref]

Zheltikov, A. M.

A. A. Lanin, E. A. Stepanov, A. B. Fedotov, and A. M. Zheltikov, “Mapping the electron band structure by intraband high-harmonic generation in solids,” Optica 4, 516–519 (2017).
[Crossref]

Zhong, K.

Zhou, B.

B. Zhou and M. Bache, “Multiple-octave spanning mid-IR supercontinuum generation in bulk quadratic nonlinear crystals,” APL Photon. 1, 050802 (2016).
[Crossref]

APL Photon. (1)

B. Zhou and M. Bache, “Multiple-octave spanning mid-IR supercontinuum generation in bulk quadratic nonlinear crystals,” APL Photon. 1, 050802 (2016).
[Crossref]

Appl. Opt. (2)

L. Gallais and M. Commandré, “Laser-induced damage thresholds of bulk and coating optical materials at 1030 nm, 500 fs,” Appl. Opt. 53, A186–A196 (2014).
[Crossref]

M. Debenham, “Refractive indices of zinc sulfide in the 0.40–13 μm wavelength range,” Appl. Opt. 23, 2238–2239 (1984).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. B (4)

A. K. Dharmadhikari, J. A. Dharmadhikari, and D. Mathur, “Visualization of focusing-refocusing cycles during filamentation in BaF2,” Appl. Phys. B 94, 259–263 (2009).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. Express (1)

Appl. Phys. Lett. (2)

T. D. Krauss and F. W. Wise, “Femtosecond measurement of nonlinear absorption and refraction in CdS, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 1739–1741 (1994).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. Quantum Electron. (2)

M. Sheik-Bahae, D. C. Hutchings, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, “Dispersion of bound electronic nonlinear refraction in solids,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 27, 1296–1309 (1991).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. (1)

J. Appl. Phys. (1)

Y. Yang, M. Liao, X. Li, W. Bi, Y. Ohishi, T. Cheng, Y. Fang, G. Zhao, and W. Gao, “Filamentation and supercontinuum generation in lanthanum glass,” J. Appl. Phys. 121, 023107 (2017).
[Crossref]

J. Opt. (1)

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B (2)

Laser Photon. Rev. (1)

A. Arie and N. Voloch, “Periodic, quasi-periodic, and random quadratic nonlinear photonic crystals,” Laser Photon. Rev. 4, 355–373 (2010).
[Crossref]

Laser Phys. Lett. (1)

Lith. J. Phys. (1)

A. Dubietis, G. Tamošauskas, R. Šuminas, V. Jukna, and A. Couairon, “Ultrafast supercontinuum generation in bulk condensed media,” Lith. J. Phys. 57, 113–157 (2017).
[Crossref]

Nat. Commun. (1)

Nature (1)

Opt. Commun. (1)

Opt. Express (5)

M. Durand, A. Houard, K. Lim, A. Durécu, O. Vasseur, and M. Richardson, “Study of filamentation threshold in zinc selenide,” Opt. Express 22, 5852–5858 (2014).
[Crossref]

Opt. Lett. (7)

X. Ren, L. H. Mach, Y. Yin, Y. Wang, and Z. Chang, “Generation of 1 kHz, 2.3 mJ, 88 fs, 2.5 μm pulses from a Cr2+:ZnSe chirped pulse amplifier,” Opt. Lett. 43, 3381–3384 (2018).
[Crossref]

S. Ashihara and Y. Kawahara, “Spectral broadening of mid-infrared femtosecond pulses in GaAs,” Opt. Lett. 34, 3839–3841 (2009).
[Crossref]

Opt. Mater. (2)

A. Marcinkevičiūtė, G. Tamošauskas, and A. Dubietis, “Supercontinuum generation in mixed thallous halides KRS-5 and KRS-6,” Opt. Mater. 78, 339–344 (2018).
[Crossref]

Opt. Mater. Express (2)

Optica (2)

A. A. Lanin, E. A. Stepanov, A. B. Fedotov, and A. M. Zheltikov, “Mapping the electron band structure by intraband high-harmonic generation in solids,” Optica 4, 516–519 (2017).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. A (2)

Phys. Rev. B (1)

H. P. Wagner, M. Kühnelt, W. Langbein, and J. M. Hvam, “Dispersion of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility in ZnTe, ZnSe, and ZnS,” Phys. Rev. B 58, 10494–10501 (1998).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. Lett. (2)

A. H. Chin, O. G. Calderón, and J. Kono, “Extreme midinfrared nonlinear optics in semiconductors,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3292–3295 (2001).
[Crossref]

Proc. SPIE (1)

C. B. Marble, S. P. O’Connor, D. T. Nodurft, V. V. Yakovlev, and A. W. Wharmby, “Zinc selenide: an extraordinarily nonlinear material,” Proc. SPIE 10528, 105281X (2018).
[Crossref]

Other (1)

M. J. Weber, Handbook of Optical Materials (CRC Press, 2003).

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Fig. 1. Group velocity dispersion curves for ZnS (solid curve), ZnSe (dotted curve), and ZnTe (dashed curve) crystals. Dashed-dotted lines mark the input wavelengths. Circles denote zero GVD wavelengths.

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Fig. 2. Experimental setup. Variable density filter (VF); delay line (DL); difference frequency generator (KTA); dichroic mirror (DM);

{BaF}_{2}

focusing lens (L); ZnSe, ZnS, or ZnTe sample (S);

4 f

imaging system with

4 \times

magnification (M); home-built scanning prism spectrometer (SPS); and commercial fiber spectrometer (FS).

Download Full Size | PPT Slide | PDF

Fig. 3. Output spectra measured in 2 mm and 4 mm thick polycrystalline ZnS samples with the input pulse energies of (a) 0.5 μJ and (b) 0.73 μJ. The dashed gray curves show the input pulse spectra. The labels 1H, 2H, and so on, stand for the harmonics order.

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Fig. 4. Output spectra measured in 0.75 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm thick polycrystalline ZnSe samples with the input pulse energies of (a) 0.73 μJ and (b) 1.88 μJ. The labelling is the same as in Fig. 3.

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Fig. 5. Output spectra measured in ZnTe single crystal samples of 0.6 mm and 1.2 mm thicknesses with the input pulse energies of (a) 0.73 μJ and (b) 1.88 μJ. The labelling is the same as in Fig. 3.

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Fig. 6. (a) Filament-induced luminescence trace captured from a side view of an ZnSe crystal. The beam propagates from left to right. (b) Normalized luminescence spectra of ZnS (black solid curve), ZnSe (blue solid curve), and ZnTe (orange solid curve) crystals. The dashed curves depict the evaluated transmittances of 1 mm thick crystal samples.

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Fig. 7. Output spectra of (a) 2 mm thick ZnS and (b) 3 mm thick ZnSe polycrystalline samples, as generated with 100 fs, 1.5 μJ input pulses at 4.6 μm. The input pulse spectra are shown by gray dashed curves. The labelling is the same as in Fig. 3.

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Tables (1)

Table 1. Linear and Nonlinear Parameters of Zinc-Blende Semiconductor Materials^a

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Material	ZnS	ZnSe	ZnTe
$E_{g}$ , eV	3.68	2.71	2.30
Transparency range, μm	0.4–12.5	0.5–20	0.55–25
$n_{0}$	2.25	2.43	2.70
$n_{2}$ , $\times 10^{- 16} {cm}^{2} / W$	22	66	106
$d$ , pm/V	8	30	52
$λ_{0}$ , μm	3.6	4.8	6.2
LIDT, $J / {cm}^{2}$	1.1	0.53