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Electromagnetic surface waves at a metal 2D photonic crystal interface

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Abstract

The conditions to observe and excite electromagnetic surface modes at the interface between a two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal (PC) and bulk metal are studied. It is shown that these modes can exist in the region where bandgaps of the PC overlap with the region below the plasma frequency of a metal in the dispersion diagram in both polarizations. The dispersion relation of these electromagnetic surface modes is determined numerically by considering a system of a thin metallic layer in contact with a finite PC of some periods. The reflectance is computed by using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. With this method, it is shown that these modes can be excited and observed even under normal incidence from a vacuum. For the studied system, the cell in contact with the metallic layer must be truncated in order to observe the interface mode. It is shown that we can select the frequency of the mode inside the bandgaps by properly choosing the truncation parameter.

© 2013 Optical Society of America

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