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Study on strong cooperative upconversion luminescence of ytterbium–ytterbium clusters in oxyfluoride glass

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Abstract

The strong blue 476nm cooperative upconversion luminescence of ytterbium Yb3+Yb3+ clusters in Yb3+-doped oxyfluoride glass was studied. The strength of this luminescence was found to be about 100 times greater than that of Yb(3): zirconium, barium, lanthanum, aluminum, and sodium fluoride glass. Such a large enhancement of cooperative upconversion blue luminescence efficiency results from better coupled Yb3+Yb3+ clusters, less cross relaxation, increased concentration of Yb3+ activators, nonsaturation effect, and better upconversion luminescence efficiency. Interestingly, the quadruple–quadruple interaction or exchange interaction seems to exert a stronger action than the dipole–dipole interaction. Meanwhile there apparently exists a large energy transfer from a single Yb3+ ion or a coupled Yb3+Yb3+ cluster to a Ho3+ ion, leading to a dramatic decline in the intensity of the upconversion luminescence of Yb3+Yb3+ clusters in an Yb3+Ho3+ codoped oxyfluoride glass.

© 2006 Optical Society of America

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