Abstract

We use the scalar Kirchhoff–Huygens diffraction integral to obtain analytic expressions for both axial and transverse intensity distributions, assuming normal incidence on a circular aperture for four types of incident field: (1) plane wave, (2) Bessel beam, (3) Gaussian beam, and (4) Bessel–Gauss beam. We use the Fresnel approximation to obtain the axial intensity as a function of distance from the aperture. We consider both Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction for the case of the transverse intensity distributions. For the axial case, we find that the Bessel–Gauss beam performs worse than the Bessel beam, in terms both of the magnitude of intensity and of its ability to extend a distance from the aperture. In the transverse case, we find that the Bessel–Gauss beam performance in terms of remaining nearly diffraction free over a given distance is highly dependent on the relationship among the aperture radius, the beam waist parameter, and the transverse wave number.

© 1991 Optical Society of America

Approximate description for Bessel, Bessel–Gauss, and Gaussian beams with finite aperture

Desheng Ding and Xiaojun Liu
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 16(6) 1286-1293 (1999)

Diffraction characteristics of the azimuthal Bessel–Gauss beam

Pamela L. Greene and Dennis G. Hall
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 13(5) 962-966 (1996)

Properties and diffraction of vector Bessel–Gauss beams

Pamela L. Greene and Dennis G. Hall
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 15(12) 3020-3027 (1998)

Electromagnetic modified Bessel-Gauss beams and waves

S. R. Seshadri
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 25(1) 1-8 (2008)

Scalar modified Bessel-Gauss beams and waves

S. R. Seshadri
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 24(9) 2837-2842 (2007)