Abstract
A complete study of electric field vectors and efficiencies of diffraction orders for a phase pattern addressed to a pixelated spatial light modulator (SLM) is discussed here. General mathematical expressions of electric field vectors from SLM are explored here analytically for an arbitrary pattern on SLM with a given input electric field. Using the general expression, we calculate orientations of the electric fields of diffraction for sinusoidal and binary patterns of varying duty cycles. The patterns result in diffracted beams of various orders with different efficiencies calculated analytically and matching well with the experimental results. The binary pattern with 50% duty cycle delivers significant distribution of energies where all the even orders are absent, and the diffraction efficiency of the first-order beam can be close to 40% using an appropriately chosen modulation depth. Using the general expression, it is possible to obtain fields and efficiencies of diffraction for any arbitrary pattern on SLM. The discussion might help researchers using SLM in standard optics experiments.
© 2019 Optical Society of America
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