Investigation of modal-interference-induced fiber optic refractive index sensor: markedly enhanced sensitivity realized by shining an optical vortex beam

Arijit Datta; Ardhendu Saha; Ashish Shukla

doi:10.1364/JOSAA.34.002034

Journal of the Optical Society of America A
Vol. 34,
Issue 11,
pp. 2034-2045
(2017)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.34.002034

Investigation of modal-interference-induced fiber optic refractive index sensor: markedly enhanced sensitivity realized by shining an optical vortex beam

Arijit Datta, Ardhendu Saha, and Ashish Shukla

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Arijit Datta, Ardhendu Saha, and Ashish Shukla, "Investigation of modal-interference-induced fiber optic refractive index sensor: markedly enhanced sensitivity realized by shining an optical vortex beam," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 34, 2034-2045 (2017)

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Table of Contents Category
- Fiber Optics and Optical Communications
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: July 10, 2017
- Revised Manuscript: September 11, 2017
- Manuscript Accepted: October 3, 2017
- Published: October 26, 2017
Virtual Issues
Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics Vol. 13, Iss. 1

Abstract

A highly sensitive multimode-interference-based refractive index sensor is reported here by shining an optical vortex beam. The sensor probe is formed by splicing a length of no-core fiber in between two air-core vortex fibers. The coupling characteristics of various modes inside the sensor and their effect on sensing properties are numerically analyzed. Simulation results show that the sensing scheme proffers a maximum sensing resolution of $7.59 \times 10^{- 6}$ and $4.18 \times 10^{- 6}$ RIU for no-core fiber length of 29.40 and 44.60 mm, respectively. Because of its high sensitivity, the study has potential applications in the chemical and biological sensing fields.

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Techniques	Maximum Absolute Sensitivity (dB/RIU)	Maximum RI Sensing Resolution (RIU)
Reflective SMS fiber structure [3]	67.9	$7.5978 \times 10^{- 5}$
Based on transmitted intensity [6]	not given	$1 \times 10^{- 5}$
Using tunable filter based on NCF [8]	113.73	not given
Using reflective optical fiber [9]	110	$2.2 \times 10^{- 4}$
Single-Mode–Multimode–Single-Mode (SMS) Structure [10]	not given	$4.05 \times 10^{- 5}$
Single-Mode–Tapered-Multimode–Single-Mode (STMS) Structure [10]	not given	$2.37 \times 10^{- 5}$
Single-mode–no-core–single-mode (SNS) structure cascaded with two fiber Bragg gratings [14]	199.6 and 355	not given
Based on a hybrid fiber grating [15]	228.24	not given
Fiber-Bragg grating connected with a section of multimode fiber core [16]	193.55	$5.16 \times 10^{- 5}$
Using vortex beam (current study)	1317.3 (for NCF length of 29.40 mm)	$7.59 \times 10^{- 6}$ (for NCF length of 29.40 mm)
Using vortex beam (current study)	2392.49 (for NCF length of 44.60 mm)	$4.18 \times 10^{- 6}$ (for NCF length of 44.60 mm)

Order of Vortex Beam	Sensitivity (dB/RIU)	Estimated Sensing Resolution (RIU)
1	587.72	$1.70 \times 10^{- 5}$
2	852.55	$1.17 \times 10^{- 5}$
3	935.53	$1.06 \times 10^{- 5}$
4	1077.2	$9.28 \times 10^{- 6}$
5	1185.2	$8.43 \times 10^{- 6}$
6	1258.8	$7.94 \times 10^{- 6}$
7	1317.3	$7.59 \times 10^{- 6}$
8	1381.5	$7.23 \times 10^{- 6}$

Techniques	Maximum Absolute Sensitivity (dB/RIU)	Maximum RI Sensing Resolution (RIU)
Reflective SMS fiber structure [3]	67.9	$7.5978 \times 10^{- 5}$
Based on transmitted intensity [6]	not given	$1 \times 10^{- 5}$
Using tunable filter based on NCF [8]	113.73	not given
Using reflective optical fiber [9]	110	$2.2 \times 10^{- 4}$
Single-Mode–Multimode–Single-Mode (SMS) Structure [10]	not given	$4.05 \times 10^{- 5}$
Single-Mode–Tapered-Multimode–Single-Mode (STMS) Structure [10]	not given	$2.37 \times 10^{- 5}$
Single-mode–no-core–single-mode (SNS) structure cascaded with two fiber Bragg gratings [14]	199.6 and 355	not given
Based on a hybrid fiber grating [15]	228.24	not given
Fiber-Bragg grating connected with a section of multimode fiber core [16]	193.55	$5.16 \times 10^{- 5}$
Using vortex beam (current study)	1317.3 (for NCF length of 29.40 mm)	$7.59 \times 10^{- 6}$ (for NCF length of 29.40 mm)
Using vortex beam (current study)	2392.49 (for NCF length of 44.60 mm)	$4.18 \times 10^{- 6}$ (for NCF length of 44.60 mm)

Order of Vortex Beam	Sensitivity (dB/RIU)	Estimated Sensing Resolution (RIU)
1	587.72	$1.70 \times 10^{- 5}$
2	852.55	$1.17 \times 10^{- 5}$
3	935.53	$1.06 \times 10^{- 5}$
4	1077.2	$9.28 \times 10^{- 6}$
5	1185.2	$8.43 \times 10^{- 6}$
6	1258.8	$7.94 \times 10^{- 6}$
7	1317.3	$7.59 \times 10^{- 6}$
8	1381.5	$7.23 \times 10^{- 6}$

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Equations (11)

Journal of the Optical Society of America A