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Rotation and gyration of finite two-dimensional modes

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Abstract

Hermite–Gauss and Laguerre–Gauss modes of a continuous optical field in two dimensions can be obtained from each other through paraxial optical setups that produce rotations in (four-dimensional) phase space. These transformations build the SU(2) Fourier group that is represented by rigid rotations of the Poincaré sphere. In finite systems, where the emitters and the sensors are in N×N square pixellated arrays, one defines corresponding finite orthonormal and complete sets of two-dimensional Kravchuk modes. Through the importation of symmetry from the continuous case, the transformations of the Fourier group are applied on the finite modes.

© 2008 Optical Society of America

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