Analysis of speckle noise in bar-code scanning systems

Emanuel Marom; Saša Krešic-Jurić; Leonard Bergstein

doi:10.1364/JOSAA.18.000888

Analysis of speckle noise in bar-code scanning systems

Emanuel Marom, Saša Krešic-Jurić, and Leonard Bergstein

Journal of the Optical Society of America A
Vol. 18,
Issue 4,
pp. 888-901
(2001)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.18.000888

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Emanuel Marom, Saša Krešic-Jurić, and Leonard Bergstein, "Analysis of speckle noise in bar-code scanning systems," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 18, 888-901 (2001)

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Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the OSA Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.
Previously assigned OCIS codes
- Speckle (030.6140)
- Statistical optics (030.6600)
- Physical optics (260.0260)
- Scattering, rough surfaces (290.5880)

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: October 29, 1999
- Revised Manuscript: August 15, 2000
- Manuscript Accepted: October 25, 2000
- Published: April 1, 2001

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Abstract

Laser beams used for bar-code scanning exhibit speckle noise generated by the roughness of the surface on which bar codes are printed. Statistical properties of a photodetector signal that integrates a time-varying speckle pattern falling on its aperture are analyzed in detail. We derive simple closed-form expressions for the autocorrelation function and the power spectral density of the detector current for scanning beams with arbitrary field distributions. Theoretical calculations are illustrated by numerical simulations as well.

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S (mm²)	$〈 i_{c} 〉$	$M = S / S_{c}$	$σ_{sim}^{2}$	$σ^{2} = 〈 i 〉^{2} / M$
$1.5 \times 1.5$	0.06317	22.67	$1.4 \times 10^{- 4}$	$1.7 \times 10^{- 4}$
$2.0 \times 2.0$	0.11355	40.31	$2.3 \times 10^{- 4}$	$3.2 \times 10^{- 4}$

S (mm²)	$〈 i_{c} 〉$	$M = S / S_{c}$	$σ_{sim}^{2}$	$σ^{2} = 〈 i 〉^{2} / M$
$1.5 \times 1.5$	0.06371	90.69	$4.0 \times 10^{- 5}$	$4.5 \times 10^{- 5}$
$2.0 \times 2.0$	0.11431	161.24	$7.1 \times 10^{- 5}$	$8.1 \times 10^{- 5}$

Beam	N	S (mm²)	$〈 i_{c} 〉$	$M = S / S_{c}$	$σ_{sim}^{2}$	$σ^{2} = 〈 i 〉^{2}$ / $NM$
Circular	2	$2 \times 2$	0.1125	51.3	$130.2 \times 10^{- 6}$	$123.4 \times 10^{- 6}$
Elliptical	1	$2 \times 2$	0.1124	102.65	$131.5 \times 10^{- 6}$	$123.1 \times 10^{- 6}$

S (mm²)	$〈 i_{c} 〉$	$M = S / S_{c}$	$σ_{sim}^{2}$	$σ^{2} = 〈 i 〉^{2} / M$
$1.5 \times 1.5$	0.06317	22.67	$1.4 \times 10^{- 4}$	$1.7 \times 10^{- 4}$
$2.0 \times 2.0$	0.11355	40.31	$2.3 \times 10^{- 4}$	$3.2 \times 10^{- 4}$

S (mm²)	$〈 i_{c} 〉$	$M = S / S_{c}$	$σ_{sim}^{2}$	$σ^{2} = 〈 i 〉^{2} / M$
$1.5 \times 1.5$	0.06371	90.69	$4.0 \times 10^{- 5}$	$4.5 \times 10^{- 5}$
$2.0 \times 2.0$	0.11431	161.24	$7.1 \times 10^{- 5}$	$8.1 \times 10^{- 5}$

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