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Optimizing Czerny–Turner Spectrographs: A Comparison between Analytic Theory and Ray Tracing

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Abstract

The analytic theory of aberrations has been used to derive an expression for the magnitude of the coma width of the image in the meridional plane in a Czerny–Turner spectrograph with unequal mirror radii. The calculated properties of a 4-m spectrograph with equal radii and a recently constructed 3.34-m spectrograph with unequal radii are compared with the results obtained by tracing individual rays. The agreement is excellent, in contrast to the results of Chandler [ J. Opt. Soc. Am. 58, 895 ( 1968)]. The lateral position of the grating for complete elimination of coma found experimentally with the 3.34-m instrument is in fair agreement with the theory. A correction to the 3 longitudinal grating position is given for a Czerny–Turner spectrograph which results in a flatter focal surface.

© 1969 Optical Society of America

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