Evaluating Modular Node Architectures With Limited Shelf Interconnection [Invited]

Rui Manuel Morais; João Pedro; Tom Rarick

doi:10.1364/JOCN.9.00A176

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking
Vol. 9,
Issue 2,
pp. A176-A188
(2017)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.9.00A176

Evaluating Modular Node Architectures With Limited Shelf Interconnection [Invited]

Rui Manuel Morais, João Pedro, and Tom Rarick

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Rui Manuel Morais, João Pedro, and Tom Rarick, "Evaluating Modular Node Architectures With Limited Shelf Interconnection [Invited]," J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 9, A176-A188 (2017)

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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: June 17, 2016
- Revised Manuscript: October 25, 2016
- Manuscript Accepted: November 7, 2016
- Published: January 19, 2017
Virtual Issues
Journal of Optical Communications and Networking OFC 2016 (2017)

Abstract

In order to simplify and speed up optical network dimensioning, the client-to-line ports interconnection restrictions imposed by the node architecture deployed are typically disregarded. However, as some node architectures can impose restrictions in the client-to-line ports interconnection, some grooming optimizations may be precluded. This is particularly relevant in multi-period scenarios where client traffic is churned between periods. In this case, depending on the node architecture deployed, hitless client traffic churn can be impossible to perform and manual intervention is required. In this work, we present an integer linear programming-based framework that minimizes the number of modules required considering the client-to-line interconnection restrictions. Moreover, the model also computes the client traffic churn blocking probability. The four node architectures considered are nonblocking electrical cross connect (EXC), standalone EXCs, EXCs with extendable backplanes, and EXCs with interconnection via high bit rate client ports. Using the proposed models, we evaluate the impact of node architecture flexibility on the probability of blocking traffic. The results show that EXCs with interconnection via high bit rate client ports tend to reduce the percentage of blocked traffic compared to the remaining modular architectures when the number of required shelves is higher than 2.

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Parameters and Sets
$a$	Module
$A$	Set of modules
$c$	Bit rate of a client signal
$C$	Set of client bit rates
$c h (c, d, a)$	Number of churned client demands with bit rate $c$ to node $d$ and in module $a$
$c h (c, d, a, s)$	Number of churned client demands with bit rate $c$ to node $d$ and in module $a$ and shelf $s$
$d$	Node that is destination of a demand
$l$	Line interface
$L$	Set of line interfaces
$\bar{O} (d, c, a, l)$	Number of ports for the demands to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$ already being used
$\bar{O_{W}} (d, a, l)$	Number of line ports for the demands to node $d$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$ already being used
$\bar{O} (d, c, a, l, s)$	Number of ports for the demands to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ in module $a$ using line interface $l$ and shelf $s$ already being used
$\bar{O_{W}} (d, a, l, s)$	Number of line ports for the demands to node $d$ in module $a$ using line interface $l$ and shelf $s$ already being used
$\bar{O_{X}} (s_{1}, s_{2})$	Number of ports for interconnecting shelves $s_{1}$ and $s_{2}$ already being used
$P_{c}$	Number of ports of the client module with bit rate $c$
$P_{W}$	Number of ports of the line module
$s$	Shelf
$S$	Set of shelves
$S_{s f}$	Total number of slots in the shelf
$t (c, d)$	Number of client signals with bit rate $c$ to node $d$
$D$	Set of destination nodes
$\bar{X} (d, c, l, s_{1}, s_{2})$	Number of client signals to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ using line interface $l$ that are switched between shelves $s_{1}$ and $s_{2}$ already established
Variables
$B (c, d)$	Number of blocked demands with bit rate $c$ to node $d$
$B_{c h} (c, d)$	Number of blocked churned demands with bit rate $c$ to node $d$
$M (c, a)$	Binary variable indicating whether the module $a$ with bit rate $c$ is used or not
$M_{W} (a)$	Binary variable indicating whether the line module $a$ is used or not
$M (c, a, s)$	Binary variable indicating whether the module $a$ with bit rate $c$ is used in shelf $s$ or not
$M_{W} (a, s)$	Binary variable indicating whether the line module $a$ is used in shelf $s$ or not
$M_{X} (s)$	Binary variable indicating whether the interconnection module is used in shelf $s$ or not
$O (d, c, a, l)$	Number of ports for the demands to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$
$O_{c h} (d, c, a, l)$	Number of ports for churned demands to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$
$O_{W} (d, a, l)$	Number of line ports for the demands to node $d$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$
$O (d, c, a, l, s)$	Number of ports for the demands to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$ and shelf $s$
$O_{c h} (d, c, a, l, s)$	Number of ports for churned demands to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$ and shelf $s$
$O_{W} (d, a, l, s)$	Number of line ports for the demands to node $d$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$ and shelf $s$
$O_{X} (s_{1}, s_{2})$	Number of ports for interconnecting shelves $s_{1}$ and $s_{2}$
$R (s)$	Binary variable indicating whether the shelf $s$ is implemented or not
$X (d, c, l, s_{1}, s_{2})$	Number of client signals to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ and using line interface $l$ that are switched between shelves $s_{1}$ and $s_{2}$

Modules
Bit Rate	Ports	Slots
10 (Gb/s)	20	1
100 (Gb/s)	2	1
Shelves
Type	Slots
Nonblocking	128 [26]
Standard	14
Extendable	12

	Two Shelves				Four Shelves
	10% Churn Rate		20% Churn Rate		10% Churn Rate		20% Churn Rate
	5 Nodes	10 Nodes	5 Nodes	10 Nodes	5 Nodes	10 Nodes	5 Nodes	10 Nodes
Standalone EXC	3	1	3	2	3	1	3	1
EXCs with extendable backplanes	9	8	9	8	9	8	9	8
EXCs with interconnection via client ports ( $2 \times 100 Gb / s$ )	5	3	3	3	4	3	5	4
EXCs with interconnection via client ports ( $4 \times 100 Gb / s$ )	9	8	9	7	9	8	9	8
EXCs with interconnection via client ports ( $6 \times 100 Gb / s$ )	9	8	9	8	11	9	11	8
EXCs with interconnection via client ports ( $10 \times 100 Gb / s$ )	9	8	9	8	16	16	15	16

	Two Shelves				Four Shelves
	10% Churn Rate		20% Churn Rate		10% Churn Rate		20% Churn Rate
	5 Nodes	10 Nodes	5 Nodes	10 Nodes	5 Nodes	10 Nodes	5 Nodes	10 Nodes
Standalone EXC	3.6%	3.4%	3.5%	4.4%	5.9%	7.1%	5.0%	6.4%
EXCs with extendable backplanes	1.7%	3.9%	1.2%	2.6%	4.9%	8.5%	3.2%	4.6%
EXCs with interconnection via client ports ( $2 \times 100 Gb / s$ )	2.3%	6.4%	1.6%	3.7%	5.0%	9.2%	2.8%	4.6%
EXCs with interconnection via client ports ( $4 \times 100 Gb / s$ )	2.0%	4.8%	1.3%	2.5%	5.1%	8.7%	2.9%	4.6%
EXCs with interconnection via client ports ( $6 \times 100 Gb / s$ )	1.7%	3.9%	1.3%	2.6%	5.6%	8.2%	2.2%	4.1%
EXCs with interconnection via client ports ( $10 \times 100 Gb / s$ )	1.8%	4.0%	1.2%	2.4%	6.2%	8.0%	2.2%	3.6%

Parameters and Sets
$a$	Module
$A$	Set of modules
$c$	Bit rate of a client signal
$C$	Set of client bit rates
$c h (c, d, a)$	Number of churned client demands with bit rate $c$ to node $d$ and in module $a$
$c h (c, d, a, s)$	Number of churned client demands with bit rate $c$ to node $d$ and in module $a$ and shelf $s$
$d$	Node that is destination of a demand
$l$	Line interface
$L$	Set of line interfaces
$\bar{O} (d, c, a, l)$	Number of ports for the demands to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$ already being used
$\bar{O_{W}} (d, a, l)$	Number of line ports for the demands to node $d$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$ already being used
$\bar{O} (d, c, a, l, s)$	Number of ports for the demands to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ in module $a$ using line interface $l$ and shelf $s$ already being used
$\bar{O_{W}} (d, a, l, s)$	Number of line ports for the demands to node $d$ in module $a$ using line interface $l$ and shelf $s$ already being used
$\bar{O_{X}} (s_{1}, s_{2})$	Number of ports for interconnecting shelves $s_{1}$ and $s_{2}$ already being used
$P_{c}$	Number of ports of the client module with bit rate $c$
$P_{W}$	Number of ports of the line module
$s$	Shelf
$S$	Set of shelves
$S_{s f}$	Total number of slots in the shelf
$t (c, d)$	Number of client signals with bit rate $c$ to node $d$
$D$	Set of destination nodes
$\bar{X} (d, c, l, s_{1}, s_{2})$	Number of client signals to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ using line interface $l$ that are switched between shelves $s_{1}$ and $s_{2}$ already established
Variables
$B (c, d)$	Number of blocked demands with bit rate $c$ to node $d$
$B_{c h} (c, d)$	Number of blocked churned demands with bit rate $c$ to node $d$
$M (c, a)$	Binary variable indicating whether the module $a$ with bit rate $c$ is used or not
$M_{W} (a)$	Binary variable indicating whether the line module $a$ is used or not
$M (c, a, s)$	Binary variable indicating whether the module $a$ with bit rate $c$ is used in shelf $s$ or not
$M_{W} (a, s)$	Binary variable indicating whether the line module $a$ is used in shelf $s$ or not
$M_{X} (s)$	Binary variable indicating whether the interconnection module is used in shelf $s$ or not
$O (d, c, a, l)$	Number of ports for the demands to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$
$O_{c h} (d, c, a, l)$	Number of ports for churned demands to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$
$O_{W} (d, a, l)$	Number of line ports for the demands to node $d$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$
$O (d, c, a, l, s)$	Number of ports for the demands to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$ and shelf $s$
$O_{c h} (d, c, a, l, s)$	Number of ports for churned demands to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$ and shelf $s$
$O_{W} (d, a, l, s)$	Number of line ports for the demands to node $d$ in module $a$ and using line interface $l$ and shelf $s$
$O_{X} (s_{1}, s_{2})$	Number of ports for interconnecting shelves $s_{1}$ and $s_{2}$
$R (s)$	Binary variable indicating whether the shelf $s$ is implemented or not
$X (d, c, l, s_{1}, s_{2})$	Number of client signals to node $d$ with bit rate $c$ and using line interface $l$ that are switched between shelves $s_{1}$ and $s_{2}$

Abstract

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Tables (6)

Equations (38)

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking