Multipoint Architectures for On-Board Optical Interconnects

Apostolos Siokis; Konstantinos Christodoulopoulos; Emmanouel (Manos) Varvarigos

doi:10.1364/JOCN.8.000863

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking
Vol. 8,
Issue 11,
pp. 863-877
(2016)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.8.000863

Multipoint Architectures for On-Board Optical Interconnects

Apostolos Siokis, Konstantinos Christodoulopoulos, and Emmanouel (Manos) Varvarigos

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Apostolos Siokis, Konstantinos Christodoulopoulos, and Emmanouel (Manos) Varvarigos, "Multipoint Architectures for On-Board Optical Interconnects," J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 8, 863-877 (2016)

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Abstract

Optical technology offers a high-bandwidth, energy-efficient solution for the increased communication requirements of data center and high-performance computing environments and is expected to be gradually deployed at all levels of the packaging hierarchy: from board-to-board, to on-board, and even on-chip communication. In this work we focus on the on-board architecture level, outlining layout strategies for multipoint networks, such as single buses as well as a mesh of buses (MB) on optical printed circuit boards (OPCBs). Driven by that, we discuss how related point-to-point topologies, such as a mesh of fully connected networks (MFCN), can be realized using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and multipoint layouts. We also provide closed-form formulas for the network capacity and the average internodal distance of these two mesh-like topology families, MB and MFCN, and demonstrate how the proposed techniques and formulas can be used for designing reconfigurable mesh-like architectures on OPCBs.

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Equations (31)

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Layout	Width	Height	Splitters/Cominbers	Bends	Crossings
BD	$N \cdot (h + 2 ρ) + (N - 1) \cdot 2 ρ$	$4 ρ$	$N - 1$	4	–
DB1	$N \cdot h$	$h + 2 ρ$	$N - 1$	2	–
DB2	${\begin{cases} N \cdot h, & h \geq 4 ρ \\ N \cdot h + 2 ρ - h / 2, & h < 4 ρ \end{cases}$	$h + 6 ρ$	$N - 1$	4	–
MS	${\begin{matrix} N \cdot h, & d \geq 2 ρ \\ h + 2 ρ \cdot (N - 1), & d < 2 ρ \end{matrix}$	$h + 2 ρ$	$N - 2$	2	$N - 2$
F1	$N \cdot h + ρ$	$h + 3 ρ$	$N - 1$	4	$N - 1$
F2	$N \cdot h + ρ$	$h + 2 ρ$	$N - 1$	4	–

Layout	Number of Crossings
Dual bus 1	$(2 (N - 2) + 2) \cdot W$
Dual bus 2	$(2 (N - 2) + 2) \cdot W$
Master–slave Bus	$(N - 2) \cdot (2 W - 1)$
Folded bus 1	$(N - 1) \cdot (2 W - 1)$
Folded bus 2	$2 (N - 1) \cdot (W - 1)$

	Channel Loads MFCN			Channel Loads MB
Topology	$k_{1}$ -links	$k_{2}$ -links	$k_{3}$ -links	$k_{1}$ -buses	$k_{2}$ -buses	$k_{3}$ -buses	Av. Dist. (both)
$4 \times 4$	0.25	0.25	–	3	3	–	1.5
$3 \times 6$	0.33	0.17	–	2	5	–	1.5
$3 \times 4 \times 7$	0.33	0.25	0.14	2	3	6	2.274

Layout	Width	Height	Splitters/Cominbers	Bends	Crossings
BD	$N \cdot (h + 2 ρ) + (N - 1) \cdot 2 ρ$	$4 ρ$	$N - 1$	4	–
DB1	$N \cdot h$	$h + 2 ρ$	$N - 1$	2	–
DB2	${\begin{cases} N \cdot h, & h \geq 4 ρ \\ N \cdot h + 2 ρ - h / 2, & h < 4 ρ \end{cases}$	$h + 6 ρ$	$N - 1$	4	–
MS	${\begin{matrix} N \cdot h, & d \geq 2 ρ \\ h + 2 ρ \cdot (N - 1), & d < 2 ρ \end{matrix}$	$h + 2 ρ$	$N - 2$	2	$N - 2$
F1	$N \cdot h + ρ$	$h + 3 ρ$	$N - 1$	4	$N - 1$
F2	$N \cdot h + ρ$	$h + 2 ρ$	$N - 1$	4	–

Layout	Number of Crossings
Dual bus 1	$(2 (N - 2) + 2) \cdot W$
Dual bus 2	$(2 (N - 2) + 2) \cdot W$
Master–slave Bus	$(N - 2) \cdot (2 W - 1)$
Folded bus 1	$(N - 1) \cdot (2 W - 1)$
Folded bus 2	$2 (N - 1) \cdot (W - 1)$

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Equations (31)

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking