Sudhir K. Routray,1
Gokhan Sahin,1,2
José R. Ferreira da Rocha,1
and Armando N. Pinto1
1The authors are with the Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, University of Aveiro and Instituto de Telecomunicações, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal (e-mail: skr@av.it.pt).
2G. Sahin is also with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056, USA.
Sudhir K. Routray, Gokhan Sahin, José R. Ferreira da Rocha, and Armando N. Pinto, "Estimation of Link-Dependent Parameters in Optical Transport Networks From Statistical Models," J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 6, 601-609 (2014)
Estimation of link-dependent parameters of optical transport networks is quite complex without the availability of complete network information. However, at the network planning stage these estimations are to be done with incomplete information, and need to be accurate. In this paper, we provide effective methods to estimate link-dependent parameters of optical transport networks when only partial information about the network is available. We use the link length statistical distribution model for these estimations. This approach is applied to 40 real transport networks and shown to be more accurate than the previously proposed methods. The improved accuracy of the proposed methods is achieved without extra network details: only the network node locations and the total number of links are needed.
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Comparison Among Different Methods for 40 Real Optical Transport Networksa
The first five columns represent the basic network information, the next five [, , , , and ] are the estimations related to the optical amplifiers, and the last five columns [, , , , and ] are the estimations related to the total fiber length. [, , , and are in kilometers.]
TABLE II
Choosing Modulation Formats for 40 Real Optical Transport Networks Using the Average Link Length (Column UALL), Link Length Distribution (Column ULLD), and Exact Link Lengths (Column UELL)a
No.
Network
UELL
ULLD
UALL
1
Via NET [1]
563
4S–6E–1Q–1B
4S–5E–2Q–1B
12E
11
6
8.33
50.00
2
BREN [1]
95
11S
11S
11S
11
11
0.00
0.00
3
RNP [1]
623
4S–4E–2Q–2B
4S–5E–3Q
12E
10
4
16.67
66.67
4
Abilene Core [1]
1104
2S–3E–6Q–2B
1S–4E–5Q–3B
13Q
11
6
15.38
53.85
5
LEARN [1]
198
11S–1E
11S–1E
12S
12
11
0.00
8.33
6
CompuServe [1]
1007
3S–3E–5Q–3B
2S–4E–6Q–2B
14Q
12
5
14.29
64.29
7
vBNS [1]
1017
3S–4E–6Q–4B
2S–5E–7Q–3B
17Q
15
6
11.76
64.71
8
CESNET [1]
87
19S
19S
19S
19
19
0.00
0.00
9
NSFNET [1]
894
3S–7E–6Q–5B
3S–7E–8Q–3B
21Q
19
6
9.52
71.43
10
ITALY [1]
241
22S–7E
25S–4E
29S
26
22
10.34
24.14
11
ACONET [1]
80
20S–2E
22S
22S
20
20
9.09
9.09
12
MZIMA [1]
908
4S–5E–8Q–2B
3S–7E–7Q–2B
19Q
17
8
10.53
57.89
13
GARR-B [1]
230
21S–6E
24S–3E
27S
24
21
11.11
22.22
14
ARNES [1]
36
20S
20S
20S
20
20
0.00
0.00
15
GERMANY [1]
142
26S
25S–1E
26S
25
26
3.85
0.00
16
REDIRIS [1]
218
21S–7E
25S–3E
28S
24
21
14.29
25.00
17
Lambada Rail [1]
782
6S–10E–6Q–1B
5S–9E–7Q–2B
23Q
21
6
8.70
73.91
18
MEMOREX [1]
150
24S
23S–1E
24S
23
24
4.17
0.00
19
CANARIE [1]
554
10S–10E–3Q–3B
10S–11E–5Q–1B
26E
24
10
7.69
61.54
20
EON [1]
717
9S–17E–9Q–2B
9S–15E–11Q–2B
37E
35
17
5.41
54.05
21
ARPANET [1]
704
4S–12E–13Q–3B
8S–13E–9Q–2B
32E
27
12
15.63
62.50
22
OPTOSunet [1]
101
24S
24S
24S
24
24
0.00
0.00
23
Hibernia USA [1]
323
20S–6E–1Q
19S–7E–1Q
27S
27
12
15.63
62.50
24
PIONIER [1]
123
25S
25S
25S
25
25
0.00
0.00
25
COX [1]
566
14S–17E–7Q–2B
14S–17E–8Q–1B
40E
39
17
2.50
57.50
26
SANET [1]
39
28S
28S
28S
28
28
0.00
0.00
27
NEWNET [1]
647
12S–12E–7Q
9S–13E–8Q–1B
31E
28
12
9.68
61.29
28
PORTUGAL [1]
230
32S–4Q
32S–4E
36S
32
32
11.11
11.11
29
RENATER [1]
162
34S–1E
34S–1E
35S
35
34
0.00
2.86
30
IBN31 [1]
143
51S
50S–1E
51S
50
51
1.96
0.00
31
BULGARIA [1]
65
33S
33S
33S
33
33
0.00
0.00
32
GEANT2 [1]
596
15S–22E–10Q–5B
17S–22E–11Q–2B
52E
49
22
5.77
57.69
33
LONI [1]
56
37S
37S
37S
37
37
0.00
0.00
34
Metrona [1]
84
41S
41S
41S
41
41
0.00
0.00
35
COST37 [1]
456
29S–22E–5Q–1B
28S–22E–7Q–1B
57E
56
22
1.75
61.40
36
CERNET [1]
510
17S–23E–9Q–4B
22S–22E–8Q–1B
53E
48
23
9.43
56.60
37
OMNICOM [1]
312
37S–16E–1Q
40S–12E–2Q
54S
50
37
7.41
31.48
38
INTERNET2 [1]
413
46S–12E–3Q
34S–21E–5Q–1B
61E
49
12
19.67
80.33
39
CORONET [1]
367
53S–35E–11Q
63S–30E–6Q–1B
99S
89
53
10.10
46.46
40
USA100 [2]
318
133S–35E–3Q
123S–41E–7Q
171S
161
133
5.85
22.22
Average:
6.64
32.11
S, E, Q, and B stand for 16QAM, 8QAM, QPSK, and BPSK, respectively ( is in kilometers).
Tables (2)
TABLE I
Comparison Among Different Methods for 40 Real Optical Transport Networksa
The first five columns represent the basic network information, the next five [, , , , and ] are the estimations related to the optical amplifiers, and the last five columns [, , , , and ] are the estimations related to the total fiber length. [, , , and are in kilometers.]
TABLE II
Choosing Modulation Formats for 40 Real Optical Transport Networks Using the Average Link Length (Column UALL), Link Length Distribution (Column ULLD), and Exact Link Lengths (Column UELL)a
No.
Network
UELL
ULLD
UALL
1
Via NET [1]
563
4S–6E–1Q–1B
4S–5E–2Q–1B
12E
11
6
8.33
50.00
2
BREN [1]
95
11S
11S
11S
11
11
0.00
0.00
3
RNP [1]
623
4S–4E–2Q–2B
4S–5E–3Q
12E
10
4
16.67
66.67
4
Abilene Core [1]
1104
2S–3E–6Q–2B
1S–4E–5Q–3B
13Q
11
6
15.38
53.85
5
LEARN [1]
198
11S–1E
11S–1E
12S
12
11
0.00
8.33
6
CompuServe [1]
1007
3S–3E–5Q–3B
2S–4E–6Q–2B
14Q
12
5
14.29
64.29
7
vBNS [1]
1017
3S–4E–6Q–4B
2S–5E–7Q–3B
17Q
15
6
11.76
64.71
8
CESNET [1]
87
19S
19S
19S
19
19
0.00
0.00
9
NSFNET [1]
894
3S–7E–6Q–5B
3S–7E–8Q–3B
21Q
19
6
9.52
71.43
10
ITALY [1]
241
22S–7E
25S–4E
29S
26
22
10.34
24.14
11
ACONET [1]
80
20S–2E
22S
22S
20
20
9.09
9.09
12
MZIMA [1]
908
4S–5E–8Q–2B
3S–7E–7Q–2B
19Q
17
8
10.53
57.89
13
GARR-B [1]
230
21S–6E
24S–3E
27S
24
21
11.11
22.22
14
ARNES [1]
36
20S
20S
20S
20
20
0.00
0.00
15
GERMANY [1]
142
26S
25S–1E
26S
25
26
3.85
0.00
16
REDIRIS [1]
218
21S–7E
25S–3E
28S
24
21
14.29
25.00
17
Lambada Rail [1]
782
6S–10E–6Q–1B
5S–9E–7Q–2B
23Q
21
6
8.70
73.91
18
MEMOREX [1]
150
24S
23S–1E
24S
23
24
4.17
0.00
19
CANARIE [1]
554
10S–10E–3Q–3B
10S–11E–5Q–1B
26E
24
10
7.69
61.54
20
EON [1]
717
9S–17E–9Q–2B
9S–15E–11Q–2B
37E
35
17
5.41
54.05
21
ARPANET [1]
704
4S–12E–13Q–3B
8S–13E–9Q–2B
32E
27
12
15.63
62.50
22
OPTOSunet [1]
101
24S
24S
24S
24
24
0.00
0.00
23
Hibernia USA [1]
323
20S–6E–1Q
19S–7E–1Q
27S
27
12
15.63
62.50
24
PIONIER [1]
123
25S
25S
25S
25
25
0.00
0.00
25
COX [1]
566
14S–17E–7Q–2B
14S–17E–8Q–1B
40E
39
17
2.50
57.50
26
SANET [1]
39
28S
28S
28S
28
28
0.00
0.00
27
NEWNET [1]
647
12S–12E–7Q
9S–13E–8Q–1B
31E
28
12
9.68
61.29
28
PORTUGAL [1]
230
32S–4Q
32S–4E
36S
32
32
11.11
11.11
29
RENATER [1]
162
34S–1E
34S–1E
35S
35
34
0.00
2.86
30
IBN31 [1]
143
51S
50S–1E
51S
50
51
1.96
0.00
31
BULGARIA [1]
65
33S
33S
33S
33
33
0.00
0.00
32
GEANT2 [1]
596
15S–22E–10Q–5B
17S–22E–11Q–2B
52E
49
22
5.77
57.69
33
LONI [1]
56
37S
37S
37S
37
37
0.00
0.00
34
Metrona [1]
84
41S
41S
41S
41
41
0.00
0.00
35
COST37 [1]
456
29S–22E–5Q–1B
28S–22E–7Q–1B
57E
56
22
1.75
61.40
36
CERNET [1]
510
17S–23E–9Q–4B
22S–22E–8Q–1B
53E
48
23
9.43
56.60
37
OMNICOM [1]
312
37S–16E–1Q
40S–12E–2Q
54S
50
37
7.41
31.48
38
INTERNET2 [1]
413
46S–12E–3Q
34S–21E–5Q–1B
61E
49
12
19.67
80.33
39
CORONET [1]
367
53S–35E–11Q
63S–30E–6Q–1B
99S
89
53
10.10
46.46
40
USA100 [2]
318
133S–35E–3Q
123S–41E–7Q
171S
161
133
5.85
22.22
Average:
6.64
32.11
S, E, Q, and B stand for 16QAM, 8QAM, QPSK, and BPSK, respectively ( is in kilometers).