Abstract

Coupled-cavity VCSELs typically support two fundamental longitudinal modes. Their wavelengths as a function of the difference of the optical lengths of the two cavities display avoided wavelength crossing (or anticrosing). In this article, we numerically solve the set of Maxwell equations for a coupled-cavity VCSEL. We show that when brought closer spectrally higher transverse-order modes of different orders display not only wavelength crossing (as anticipated by the Helmholtz equation) but also avoided crossing.

Experimental investigation on the nonlinear dynamics of two mutually coupled 1550 nm multi-transverse-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Wenyan Yang, Guangqiong Xia, Elumalai Jayaprasath, Zaifu Jiang, Yushuang Hou, Chunxia Hu, and Zhengmao Wu
Appl. Opt. 58(5) 1271-1275 (2019)

Noise in cavity ring-down spectroscopy caused by transverse mode coupling

Haifeng Huang and Kevin K. Lehmann
Opt. Express 15(14) 8745-8759 (2007)

Optical injection locking of transverse modes in 1.3-µm wavelength coupled-VCSEL arrays

C. M. Long, L. Mutter, B. Dwir, A. Mereuta, A. Caliman, A. Sirbu, V Iakovlev, and E. Kapon
Opt. Express 22(18) 21137-21144 (2014)

Effect of multiple transverse modes in self-mixing sensors based on vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

John R. Tucker, Aleksandar D. Rakić, Christopher J. O'Brien, and Andrei V. Zvyagin
Appl. Opt. 46(4) 611-619 (2007)

Synchronization of unidirectionally coupled multi-transverse-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Maria Susana Torre, Cristina Masoller, and K. Alan Shore
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 21(10) 1772-1780 (2004)