Abstract
Three novel linewidth-tolerant, low-complexity, two-stage feed-forward
carrier phase estimation algorithms are introduced for dual-polarization 16-ary
quadrature amplitude modulation (DP 16-QAM) with coherent detection. The first
stage employs either the quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) partitioning
algorithm, simplified QPSK partitioning algorithm, or blind phase search (BPS)
algorithm. The second stage employs a novel modified QPSK partitioning algorithm.
Based on experimental data, all three algorithms achieve comparable performance
for DP 16-QAM back to back and transmission systems. The linewidth tolerance
for the three algorithms is numerically studied. A linewidth symbol duration
product of 1.3× 10-4 is demonstrated for a 1 dB optical signal-to-noise-ratio
penalty at a bit error ratio of 10-3 for all the proposed algorithms, which is comparable to the single-stage
BPS algorithm with a large number of test phases. Reductions in the hardware
complexity by factors of about 1.7–5.3 are achieved in comparison to
the single-stage BPS algorithm.
© 2012 IEEE
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