Abstract
A peanut-shape fiber structure that can realize the coupling and
recoupling between the fiber core mode and the cladding modes is proposed in
this paper. Based on the structure, a simple and low-cost Mach–Zehnder
interferometer (MZI) formed by cascading two peanut-shape structures in the
single-mode fiber is demonstrated. The theory and the experimental results
show that the first peanut-shape structure can couple the light energy of
the core mode into the cladding modes and the second peanut-shape structure
can recouple the light in the cladding modes into the core mode. A
high-quality interference spectrum with a fringe visibility of about 13 dB
is observed. Moreover, it has very good mechanical strength compared with
the MZIs based on the tapers or the offset structures. When the
interferometer length L= 22 mm, the temperature
sensitivity of the device is ~46.8 pm/°C and the strain
sensitivity is ~14 pm/με. Such kind of
interferometer would find potential applications in communication and
sensing fields.
© 2012 IEEE
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