Abstract
The modal and group birefringence of a hybrid photonic crystal fiber (hybrid PCF)
and the sensitivities of modal birefringence of hybrid PCF to strain and temperature are
investigated. The hybrid PCF composes of air-holes and Ge-doped silica rods surrounding
a silica core region and light is confined to the core by hybrid index-guiding and
photonic bandgap effects. A theoretical model was established and used to calculate
these birefringence properties as functions of Ge concentration and diameter of the
Ge-doped region. In experiments, the birefringence properties of a hybrid PCF made by
University of Bath were measured by using a Sagnac interferometer. The experimental
results show that the sensitivities of fringe minimum of this Sagnac interferometer to
strain and temperature, at the wavelength of 1550 nm, were 2.01 nm/m$\varepsilon$ and
-$0.334 nm/°C, respectively, which agree well with the theoretical
predictions. The model may be used to design hybrid PCFs with desired birefringence
properties.
© 2012 IEEE
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