Abstract
We present a Müller–Stokes analysis of the polarization behavior of birefringent
long-period fiber gratings (LPGs). The possible origins of birefringence are outlined
and a Müller matrix for a birefringent LPG is derived. Using the derived matrix, we then
derive explicit expressions for the polarization-dependent loss (PDL) and the degree of
polarization (DOP) of a polarization-sensitive LPG. The birefringence mechanisms and PDL
origins in arc-induced tapered LPGs (TLPGs) in a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) are
experimentally investigated.
© 2009 IEEE
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