Abstract
We present the mathematical description, design, and development of an instrument that precisely determines the backscattering coefficient () in water using a custom integrating cavity to collect light scattered in the backward hemisphere—a true meter. The design allows us to directly measure in a medium while not making any assumptions about the shape of and/or of its scattering particulates. The concave surface of the quartz aperture to the integrating cavity minimizes reflection losses. The output signal is a direct linear function of . This meter is the first instrument to make a direct measurement of with accuracy and it is compatible with several modes of routine oceanic deployment.
© 2018 Optical Society of America
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