A Study of the Neutral Atomic Iodine Laser

H. H. Kim; H. Marantz

doi:10.1364/AO.9.000359

Applied Optics
Vol. 9,
Issue 2,
pp. 359-368
(1970)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.9.000359

A Study of the Neutral Atomic Iodine Laser

H. H. Kim and H. Marantz

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H. H. Kim and H. Marantz, "A Study of the Neutral Atomic Iodine Laser," Appl. Opt. 9, 359-368 (1970)

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Abstract

Details are given on the laser action in electronic transitions between the 5d and 6p levels of neutral atomic iodine. Experimental results show that the power output obtained using dc excitation can be improved by superimposing rf excitation on the discharge plasma. The electron temperature and density were measured and for the superimposed condition were found to be 1.0 × 10⁵ K and 5.0 × 10¹¹/cm³, respectively. The spontaneous intensities of all the laser lines and their related transitions were measured. By combining these results with calculated Einstein A coefficients, numerical data were obtained on the population densities, pumping rates, radiative lifetimes, and gains of the helium–iodine laser lines. These results indicate that strong population inversions exist for the $5 d J = \frac{7}{2}, \frac{9}{2}$ levels whose radiative relaxation directly to the ground state is forbidden. Multistep deexcitation processes are proposed to explain the characteristics of the laser lines.

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Observed wavelength (air, μ)	Transition	Calculated wavelength (air, μ)	Lasing intensity
2.7571	$^{1} D_{2} 5 d {[2]}_{\frac{5}{2}} -^{1} D_{2} 6 p {[1]}_{3 / 2}$	2.7572	weak
3.0360	³P₂ 5d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2	3.0369	weak
3.236	³P₂ 5d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2	3.2363	very weak
3.4295	³P₂ 5d [4]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2	3.4305	strong
4.858	³P₁ 5d [1]_3/2–³P₁ 6p [2]_5/2	4.8584	very weak
4.8619	³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2	4.8629	strong
5.4972	³P₀ 5d [2]_5/2–³P₀ 6p [1]_3/2	5.4987	moderate
6.7198	¹D₂ 6s [2]_3/2–¹D₂ 6p [1]_3/2	6.7219	weak
6.902	³P₁ 5d [3]_7/2–³P₁ 6p [2]_5/2	6.9035	very weak
9.016	³P₂ 5d [3]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2	9.0195	very weak

State core. nl[K] _J	Pop. density (No./cm³× 10⁻⁹)	Lifetime (nsec)	Pumping rate (No./cm³ sec) × 10⁻¹⁶
State core. nl[K] _J	Pop. density (No./cm³× 10⁻⁹)	Lifetime (nsec)	Cascade in	Cascade out
³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2	6.50	3400.0	0.60	2.47
³P₂ 5d [4]_7/2	0.97	1200.0	2.00	0.77
³P₂ 5d [3]_7/2	—	32,200.0	1.30	—
³P₂ 5d [3]_5/2	—	1.5	0.86	—
³P₂ 5d [2]_5/2	0.93	660.0	0.85	0.16
³P₂ 5d [2]_3/2	1.42	180.0	2.94	1.07
³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2	—	1.7	1.30	—
³P₂ 5d [1]_1/2	—	190.0	0.22	—
³P₂ 5d [0]_1/2	—	4.0	0.95	—
³P₁ 5d [3]_7/2	6.58	978.0	0.14	1.28
³P₁ 5d [3]_5/2	4.09	1.0	0.41	0.34
³P₁ 5d [2]_5/2	9.23	36.0	—	0.15
³P₁ 5d [2]_3/2	9.40	3.0	—	0.44
³P₁ 5d [1]_3/2	4.82	4.3	—	0.38
³P₁ 5d [1]_1/2	10.7	11.0	—	0.56
³P₀ 5d [2]_5/2	2.89	12.0	—	1.51
³P₀ 5d [2]_3/2	5.13	17.0	—	1.26
¹D₂ 5d [3]_5/2	—	1.3	—	0.04
¹D₂ 5d [2]_5/2	7.60	0.4	—	0.70
¹D₂ 5d [2]_3/2	6.67	0.3	—	0.67
¹D₂ 5d [1]_3/2	—	0.5	—	0.01
³P₂ 6P [3]_7/2	0.21	29.9	5.07	6.7
³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2	0.49	44.5	1.68	7.8
³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2	0.26	37.9	4.1	5.0
³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2	0.32	53.9	3.24	5.8
³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2	1.35	21.6	1.24	4.9
³P₂ 6p [1]_1/2	0.36	43.1	0.60	4.7
³P₁ 6p [2]_5/2	0.07	32.7	—	1.63
³P₁ 6p [2]_3/2	0.18	41.7	—	1.51
³P₁ 6p [1]_3/2	0.14	29.9	0.64	1.86
³P₁ 6p [1]_1/2	0.24	32.8	0.63	1.42
³P₁ 6p [0]_1/2	2.8	50.4	0.08	1.44
³P₀ 6p [1]_3/2	0.5	29.5	—	1.30
³P₀ 6p [1]_1/2	0.04	30.8	—	1.23
¹D₂ 6p [3]_7/2	0.015	35.5	0.004	0.4
¹D₂ 6p [3]_5/2	0.035	39.6	1.17	0.7
¹D₂ 6p [2]_5/2	0.008	26.1	0.0014	0.23
¹D₂ 6p [2]_3/2	0.005	26.5	0.93	0.088
¹D₂ 6p [1]_3/2	0.043	42.2	—	0.57
¹D₂ 6p [1]_1/2	0.012	28.9	0.66	0.09

Wavelength (μ)	upper state–lower state	Gain
Wavelength (μ)	upper state–lower state	α (cm⁻¹)	α (dB/m)
4.862	³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2–6p [3]_7/2	0.0752	32.63
3.430	³P₂ 5d [4]_7/2–6p [3]_5/2	0.0228	9.89
3.036	³P₂ 5d [2]_3/2–6p [1]_3/2	0.0377	16.36
2.231	³P₂ 5d [2]_5/2–6p [3]_7/2	0.0127	5.51
2.223	³P₂ 5d [2]_3/2–6p [1]_1/2	0.0274	11.89

Observed wavelength (air, μ)	Transition	Calculated wavelength (air, μ)	Lasing intensity
2.7571	$^{1} D_{2} 5 d {[2]}_{\frac{5}{2}} -^{1} D_{2} 6 p {[1]}_{3 / 2}$	2.7572	weak
3.0360	³P₂ 5d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2	3.0369	weak
3.236	³P₂ 5d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2	3.2363	very weak
3.4295	³P₂ 5d [4]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2	3.4305	strong
4.858	³P₁ 5d [1]_3/2–³P₁ 6p [2]_5/2	4.8584	very weak
4.8619	³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2	4.8629	strong
5.4972	³P₀ 5d [2]_5/2–³P₀ 6p [1]_3/2	5.4987	moderate
6.7198	¹D₂ 6s [2]_3/2–¹D₂ 6p [1]_3/2	6.7219	weak
6.902	³P₁ 5d [3]_7/2–³P₁ 6p [2]_5/2	6.9035	very weak
9.016	³P₂ 5d [3]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2	9.0195	very weak

State core. nl[K] _J	Pop. density (No./cm³× 10⁻⁹)	Lifetime (nsec)	Pumping rate (No./cm³ sec) × 10⁻¹⁶
State core. nl[K] _J	Pop. density (No./cm³× 10⁻⁹)	Lifetime (nsec)	Cascade in	Cascade out
³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2	6.50	3400.0	0.60	2.47
³P₂ 5d [4]_7/2	0.97	1200.0	2.00	0.77
³P₂ 5d [3]_7/2	—	32,200.0	1.30	—
³P₂ 5d [3]_5/2	—	1.5	0.86	—
³P₂ 5d [2]_5/2	0.93	660.0	0.85	0.16
³P₂ 5d [2]_3/2	1.42	180.0	2.94	1.07
³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2	—	1.7	1.30	—
³P₂ 5d [1]_1/2	—	190.0	0.22	—
³P₂ 5d [0]_1/2	—	4.0	0.95	—
³P₁ 5d [3]_7/2	6.58	978.0	0.14	1.28
³P₁ 5d [3]_5/2	4.09	1.0	0.41	0.34
³P₁ 5d [2]_5/2	9.23	36.0	—	0.15
³P₁ 5d [2]_3/2	9.40	3.0	—	0.44
³P₁ 5d [1]_3/2	4.82	4.3	—	0.38
³P₁ 5d [1]_1/2	10.7	11.0	—	0.56
³P₀ 5d [2]_5/2	2.89	12.0	—	1.51
³P₀ 5d [2]_3/2	5.13	17.0	—	1.26
¹D₂ 5d [3]_5/2	—	1.3	—	0.04
¹D₂ 5d [2]_5/2	7.60	0.4	—	0.70
¹D₂ 5d [2]_3/2	6.67	0.3	—	0.67
¹D₂ 5d [1]_3/2	—	0.5	—	0.01
³P₂ 6P [3]_7/2	0.21	29.9	5.07	6.7
³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2	0.49	44.5	1.68	7.8
³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2	0.26	37.9	4.1	5.0
³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2	0.32	53.9	3.24	5.8
³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2	1.35	21.6	1.24	4.9
³P₂ 6p [1]_1/2	0.36	43.1	0.60	4.7
³P₁ 6p [2]_5/2	0.07	32.7	—	1.63
³P₁ 6p [2]_3/2	0.18	41.7	—	1.51
³P₁ 6p [1]_3/2	0.14	29.9	0.64	1.86
³P₁ 6p [1]_1/2	0.24	32.8	0.63	1.42
³P₁ 6p [0]_1/2	2.8	50.4	0.08	1.44
³P₀ 6p [1]_3/2	0.5	29.5	—	1.30
³P₀ 6p [1]_1/2	0.04	30.8	—	1.23
¹D₂ 6p [3]_7/2	0.015	35.5	0.004	0.4
¹D₂ 6p [3]_5/2	0.035	39.6	1.17	0.7
¹D₂ 6p [2]_5/2	0.008	26.1	0.0014	0.23
¹D₂ 6p [2]_3/2	0.005	26.5	0.93	0.088
¹D₂ 6p [1]_3/2	0.043	42.2	—	0.57
¹D₂ 6p [1]_1/2	0.012	28.9	0.66	0.09

Observed wavelength (air, μ)	Calculated wavelength (air, μ)		Assigned transition		Absolute intensity (mW/cm³)	Einstein A coefficient (1/sec) × 10⁻⁶
Observed wavelength (air, μ)	Calculated wavelength (air, μ)		upper state	lower state ^a	Absolute intensity (mW/cm³)	Einstein A coefficient (1/sec) × 10⁻⁶
(a) From 4.9037 μ to 1.3152 μ
4.904	4.9037		³P₂ 7d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 4f [2]_3/2		0.221	—
4.887	4.8917		³P₂ 9f [3]_5/2–³P₂ 8d [2]_5/2		0.108	—
4.864	4.8629		³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2		1.000	0.380
4.802	4.7993		³P₂ 8d [3]_7/2–¹D₂ 6p [3]_5/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.180	—
4.784	4.7794		³P₂ 2p [3]_7/2–³P₂ 8d [3]_5/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.088	0.004
4.714	4.7170		³P₁ 6d [1]_3/2–¹D₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.393	—
4.668	4.6640		³P₂ 9f [3]_5/2–³P₂ 8d [2]_3/2		0.370	—
4.627	4.6252		³P₂ 6f [5]_11/2–³P₂ 7d [4]_9/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.340	—
4.582	4.5822		³P₂ 4f [2]_5/2–³P₁ 5d [3]_5/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.180	—
4.560	4.5559		³P₂ 6f [1]_1/2–³P₂ 6f [1]_3/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.635	—
4.532	4.5325		¹D₂ 5d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 5f [2]_3/2⁽ ^T ⁾		1.440	—
4.500	4.5013		³P₁ 7p [0]_1/2–³P₁ 7s [1]_1/2		1.250	—
4.450	4.4465		³P₂ 9f [4]_9/2–³P₂ 8d [3]_7/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.500	—
4.430	4.4280		³P₂ 6f [4]_7/2–³P₂ 7d [3]_5/2⁽ ^T ⁾		0.374	—
4.410	4.4115		³P₁ 7p [2]_5/2–³P₂ 9s [2]_3/2		0.285	—
4.342	4.3419		³P₂ 6f [3]_7/2–³P₂ 7d [3]_7/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.460	—
4.282	4.2800		³P₂ 6f [1]_1/2–³P₂ 7d [1]_1/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.590	—
4.195	4.1823		¹D₂ 5d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 5f [3]_5/2⁽ ^d ⁾		3.000	—
3.990	3.9891		³P₂ 10f [4]_7/2–³P₂ 8d [3]_5/2*		0.290	—
3.950	3.9465		¹D₂ 5d [2]_3/2–¹D₂ 6p [1]_1/2		0.335	0.252
3.901	3.9028		³P₂ 10d [4]_7/2–³P₂ 5f [4]_7/2		0.530	—
3.898	3.8976		³P₂ 10d [4]_7/2–³P₂ 5f [4]_9/2		0.300	—
3.865	3.8643		¹D₂ 6p [3]_5/2–³P₂ 6d [4]_7/2		0.050	—
3.431	3.4305		3P₂ 5d [4]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.440	0.993
3.037	3.0369		³P₂ 5d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2		0.360	0.975
3.007	3.0059		³P₂ 7p [1]_3/2–³P₂ 7s [2]_3/2		0.300	—
2.922	2.9215		³P₂ 8d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 4f [2]_5/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.700	—
2.899	2.8997		¹D₂ 5d [2]_5/2–¹D₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.480	0.155
2.894	2.8940		¹D₂ 5d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 8p [1]_1/2		0.330	—
2.858	2.8544		¹D₂ 5d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 8p [2]_5/2*		0.550	—
2.802	2.8020		³P₂ 8d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 4f [3]_7/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.240	—
2.735	2.7357		³P₂ 8f [4]_9/2–³P₂ 7d [3]_7/2⁽ ^T ⁾		0.620	—
2.718	2.7188		³P₂ 8f [2]_3/2–³P₂ 7d [1]_1/2⁽ ^d ⁾		1.570	—
2.708	2.7082		³P₂ 6d [2]_3/2–³P₁ 6p [1]_3/2*		0.440	—
2.4135	2.4133		³P₂ 5f [3]_7/2–³P₂ 6d [4]_9/2		0.250	—
2.4075	2.4068		³P₂ 5f [5]_11/2–³P₂ 6d [4]_9/2		0.320	—
2.4000	2.3988		³P₂ 8s [2]_3/2–³P₁ 6p [1]_1/2		0.520	—
2.3565	2.3565		³P₂ 0f [4]_7/2–³P₂ 7d [3]_5/2		0.410	—
2.3143	2.3156		³P₂ 5f [4]_3/2–³P₂ 6d [3]_7/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.340	—
2.2920	2.2888		³P₂ 7d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 7d [2]_3/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.380	—
2.2725	2.2735		³P₂ 9d [4]_9/2–³P₂ 9d [5]_11/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.630	—
2.2485	2.2486		³P₂ 9d [4]_9/2–³P₂ 4f [3]_7/2⁽ ^d ⁾		1.800	—
2.2320	2.2315		³P₂ 5d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2		0.139	0.283
2.2286	2.2282		³P₂ 9p [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6d [1]_3/2		0.350	—
2.2240	2.2232		³P₂ 5d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_1/2		0.400	0.365
2.2065	2.1966		³P₂ 9p [3]_5/2–³P₂ 6d [3]_5/2		0.570	—
1.9455	1.9456		³P₁ 6d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 4f [2]_3/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.350	—
1.9320	1.9311		³P₁ 6d [3]_7/2–³P₂ 4f [3]_7/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.285	—
1.8130	1.8137		³P₂ 6f [5]_9/2–³P₂ 6d [4]_9/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.510	—
1.6045	1.6042		³P₂ 7s [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2		0.820	—
1.5600	1.5603		³P₂ 10s [2]_3/2–³P₂ 7p [2]_5/2*		0.400	—
1.5205	1.5204		³P₀ 5d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2		0.450	0.180
1.5050	1.5049		³P₂ 9d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 7p [2]_3/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.700	—
1.4480	1.4464		³P₂ 7s [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2⁽ ^d ⁾		1.000	—
1.4300	1.4282		³P₂ 4f [2]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [2]_3/2		2.800	2.73
1.4290	1.4276		³P₂ 4f [2]_5/2–³P₂ 5d [2]_3/2		0.020	0.202
1.3980	1.3962		³P₂ 4f [2]_7/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_5/2⁽ ^d ⁾		0.720	5.56
1.3700	1.3689		³P₂ 7s [2]_1/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.480	—
1.3160	1.3152		5S² 5p^{5 2}P_1/2–5S² 5p^{5 2}P_3/2		3.80	—

Wavelength (Å)	Transition		Absolute intensity (mW/cm³)		Einstein A coefficient (1/sec) × 10⁻⁶
Wavelength (Å)	upper state	lower state	Absolute intensity (mW/cm³)		Einstein A coefficient (1/sec) × 10⁻⁶

(b) From 12,996Å to 6,213Å
12,996.92	³P₁ 5d [3]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.490		0.294
12,033.94	³P₁ 5d [3]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2		0.400		0.254
11,779.17	³P₁ 5d [1]_1/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.930		0.261
11,764.00	³P₂ 8p [3]_5/2–³P₂ 5d [2]_3/2		0.490		—
11,558.56	³P₀ 5d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		1.070		0.306
11,541.70	³P₂ 5d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 8p [2]_3/2		0.240		—
11,447.72	³P₀ 5d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2		0.480		0.256
11,420.33	³P₂ 4f [3]_7/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_7/2		0.190		0.006
11,410.09	³P₁ 5d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2		0.180		0.028
11,375.25	³P₂ 4f [1]_1/2–³P₂ 5d [0]_1/2		0.290		7.00
11,370.10	³P₂ 4f [1]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [0]_1/2		—		7.01
11,356.37	³P₂ 4f [5]_9/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_7/2		2.850		14.7
11,352.10	³P₂ 4f [1]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [0]_1/2		0.800		—
11,313.27	³P₁ 5d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2		0.260		0.027
11,246.77	³P₀ 5d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2		2.640		0.871
11,236.56	³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6s [2]_3/2		3.900		17.2
11,020.60	³P₁ 5d [3]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2		1.100		0.117
10,894.66	³P₂ 7p [3]_5/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_7/2		0.233		—
10,859.00	³P₂ 10f [4]_9/2–³P₁ 5d [3]_7/2		0.250		—
10,723.00	³P₁nd [0]_1/2–³P₁ 6p [0]_1/2		0.147		—
10,698.00	¹D₂ 6p [1]_1/2–³P₂ [2]_3/2		0.170		—
10,591.13	³P₁ 6d [2]_3/2–³P₁ 6p [1]_3/2		0.070		0.760
10,548.00	³P₂ 5f [2]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [2]_3/2		0.060		0.860
10,466.54	³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2–³P₂ 6s [2]_3/2		14.800		—
10,435.34	³P₂ 4f [4]_9/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2		0.020		26.4
10,416.61	³P₁ 5d [1]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.725		0.199
10,391.74	³P₁ 6p [2]_3/2–³P₁ 6s [1]_1/2		1.000		0.333
10,375.20	³P₂ 4f [5]_11/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2		0.725		19.8
10,325.90	³P₂ 5f [3]_7/2–³P₂ 5d [2]_5/2		0.650		1.75
10,238.82	³P₂ 6p [1]_1/2–³P₂ 6s [2]_3/2		9.200		27.8
10,172.91	¹D₂ 6p [1]_3/2–¹D₂ 6s [2]_5/2		0.710		21.3
10,158.64	3P₂ 6d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		1.280		0.268
10,136.33	¹D₂ 6p [1]_3/2–¹D₂ 6s [2]_3/2		0.354		6.42
10,131.16	³P₁ 6p [1]_3/2–³P₁ 6s [1]_1/2		1.670		5.68
10,003.05	³P₀ 6p [1]_1/2–³P₁ 6s [1]_3/2		1.860		1.96
9992.54	¹D₂ 6p [3]_5/2–¹D₂ 6s [2]_5/2		0.287		4.71
9963.30	³P₂ 6d [4]_9/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2		2.380		7.30
9954.63	¹D₂ 6p [3]_5/2–¹D₂ 6s [2]_3/2		1.100		26.5
9939.25	³P₂ 4f [2]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_1/2		0.250		10.5
9892.35	³P₂ 4f [1]_1/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_1/2		0.074		7.10
9842.75	³P₀ 6p [1]_3/2–³P₁ 6s [1]_3/2		0.530		2.69
9813.53	³P₁ 5d [3]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.680		0.136
9800.89	³P₁ 6p [1]_1/2–³P₁ 6s [1]_1/2		2.770		28.8
9774.97	³P₂ 8p [2]_3/2–¹D₂ 6s [2]_5/2		0.013		—
9731.73	³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6s [2]_5/2		10.300		33.2
9653.06	³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6s [2]_5/2		7.400		5.33
9649.61	³P₂ 6d [4]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.825		7.75
9598.22	¹D₂ 6p [3]_7/2–¹D₂ 6s [2]_5/2		0.830		34.7
9427.15	³P₂ 6d [3]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2		2.700		5.75
9426.71	³P₁ 6p [0]_1/2–³P₀ 6s [0]_1/2		3.000		2.57
9398.73	³P₂ 8p [1]_3/2–¹D₂ 6s [2]_5/2		0.090		—
9387.16	³P₂ 4f [2]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2		1.430		2.49
9335.05	³P₁ 6p [2]_5/2–³P₁ 6s [1]_3/2		3.540		37.4
9321.95	? – ?		0.430		—
9227.74	³P₁ 5d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.715		1.20
9180.20	³P₂ 6d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_1/2		0.090		2.72
9156.91	³P₀ 6p [1]_1/2–³P₀ 6s [0]_1/2		0.620		35.0
9128.03	³P₂ 4f [3]_5/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2		0.620		—
9113.91	³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2–³P₂ 6s [2]_3/2		8.120		6.97
9098.86	³P₁ 6p [2]_3/2–³P₁ 6s [1]_3/2		2.130		13.7
9058.33	³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2–³P₂ 6s [2]_5/2		14.800		41.3
9022.40	³P₀ 6p [1]_3/2–³P₀ 6s [0]_1/2		2.220		5.05
8993.13	³P₂ 6d [3]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.268		6.18
8969.04	³P₂ 6d [1]_3/2–³P₁ 6p [2]_3/2		0.163		0.250
8964.69	¹D₂ 6p [1]_1/2–¹D₂ 6s [2]_3/2		0.210		40.0
8925.96	³P₂ 6d [3]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2		0.230		0.451
8898.50	³P₁ 6p [1]_3/2–³P₁ 6s [1]_3/2		2.820		23.7
8879.55	³P₂ 6d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.120		0.033
8873.86	³P₂ 5f [1]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [0]_1/2		0.060		1.87
8868.00	³P₂ 5f [4]_7/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_7/2		0.047		0.652
8857.50	³P₂ 4f [4]_7/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_5/2		1.280		25.5
8853.80	³P₂ 4f [4]_9/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_7/2		1.900		26.5
8847.14	³P₂ 5f [5]_9/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_7/2		0.350		3.96
8816.65	³P₂ 4f [2]_5/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_5/2		0.180		0.0614
8812.40	? – ?		0.740		—
8780.10	³P₂ 4f [1]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_5/2		0.024		—
8748.22	³P₂ 6d [1]_1/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.060		2.70
8729.70	¹D₂ 6p [2]_3/2–¹D₂ 6s [2]_5/2		0.030		10.2
8700.80	¹D₂ 6p [2]_3/2–¹D₂ 6s [2]_3/2		—		36.3
8664.95	¹D₂ 6p [2]_5/2–¹D₂ 6s [2]_5/2		0.440		40.1
8642.60	³P₁ 6p [1]_1/2–³P₁ 6s [1]_3/2		0.095		0.467
8636.40	¹D₂ 6p [2]_5/2–¹D₂ 6s [2]_3/2		—		7.26
8545.52	³P₂ 8s [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_1/2		0.150		1.06
8486.11	³P₂ 8s [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_1/2		0.190		2.88
8393.30	³P₂ 8s [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.735		3.12
8305.80	³P₂ 9p [2]_5/2–¹D₂ 6s [2]_5/2		0.020		—
8260.04	³P₂ 5f [4]_9/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2		0.070		0.811
8257.74	³P₂ 5f [4]_7/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2		0.060		0.023
8240.05	³P₂ 5f [5]_11/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2		0.340		5.01
8222.57	³P₁ 6p [1]_3/2–³P₀ 6s [0]_1/2		0.310		11.8
8169.38	¹D₂ 6p [3]_5/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2		0.390		—
8105.60	³P₂ 7d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2		0.053		0.326
8090.76	³P₂ 7d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2		0.165		1.97
8045.94	³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2–³P₂ 6s [2]_5/2		3.060		47.2
8023.01	³P₂ 8s [2]_6/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.088		—
8003.63	³P₁ 6p [1]_1/2–³P₀ 6s [0]_1/2		0.570		3.11
7974.48	³P₂ 5f [2]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_1/2		0.090		2.58
7969.48	³P₂ 8s [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2		0.165		2.43
7951.99	¹D₂ 5d [3]_5/2–¹D₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.095		22.4
7944.85	³P₂ 5f [1]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_1/2		0.046		0.435
7927.10	³P₂ 6f [1]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [0]_1/2		0.040		2.58
7896.98	³P₂ 6f [5]_9/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_7/2		0.070		5.46
7813.39	³P₂ 8p [2]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_5/2		0.025		—
7786.18	³P₂ 8p [3]_5/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_7/2		0.012		—
7778.39	³P₂ 9s [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2		0.012		—
7770.20	¹D₂ 6p [3]_7/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_5/2		0.215		—
7671.01	³P₂ 7d [1]_1/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_1/2		0.054		3.30
7604.88	³P₂ 7p [2]_5/2–³P₁ 6s [1]_3/2		0.066		—
7588.60	³P₂ 7d [1]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_1/2		0.054		0.852
7556.65	³P₂ 7p [2]_3/2–³P₁ 6s [1]_3/2		0.070		—
7554.18	³P₂ 7p [3]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2		0.180		—
7539.66	³P₂ 7d [3]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.059		0.083
7531.81	³P₂ 7d [3]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2		0.060		0.111
7490.52	¹D₂ 6p [1]_1/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2		0.140		—
7468.99	³P₂ 7d [4]_9/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2		0.340		7.15
7454.94	? –³P₂ 5d [0]_1/2		0.015		—
7423.85	³P₂ 7f [4]_7/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_7/2		0.020		0.682
7420.01	³P₂ 6f [4]_9/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2		0.045		1.10
7418.26	³P₂ 7f [5]_9/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_7/2		0.020		4.12
7416.48	³P₂ 5f [2]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2		0.077		0.642
7413.60	³P₂ 5f [2]_5/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2		0.040		3.85
7410.50	³P₂ 6f [5]_11/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2		0.080		6.76
7402.06	³P₂ 7d [4]_7/2–¹P₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.420		7.08
7390.78	³P₂ 5f [1]_1/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2		0.020		1.08
7305.43	¹D₂ 6p [2]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2		0.040		—
7269.97	³P₂ 7d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.003		0.517
7259.98	¹D₂ 6p [2]_5/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2		0.035		—
7237.84	³P₂ 5f [4]_7/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_5/2		0.170		5.94
7236.78	³P₂ 5f [4]_9/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_7/2		0.430		6.17
7235.01	³P₂ 5f [4]_7/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_7/2		0.040		0.22
7227.30	³P₂ 5f [3]_7/2–³P₂ 5d [2]_7/2		0.120		—
7212.50	³P₂ 5f [1]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_5/2		0.005		—
7192.52	³P₂ 7d [1]_1/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.009		2.00
7182.79	³P₂ 6f [2]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_1/2		0.009		3.46
7178.03	³P₂ 6f [1]_1/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_1/2		0.003		2.31
7164.79	³P₂ 7d [3]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.100		5.04
7148.63	³P₁ 7s [1]_3/2–¹D₂ 6p [2]_5/2		0.005		—
7142.06	³P₂ 7d [3]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2		0.310		5.45
7135.55	¹D₂ 5d [1]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2		0.004		0.008
7122.05	³P₂ 7d [3]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2		0.200		0.366
7120.05	³P₂ 7d [1]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.100		0.206
7095.17	³P₂ 9s [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_1/2		0.003		—
7087.76	¹D₂ 6p [2]_5/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_5/2		0.010		—
7077.87	³P₂ 7d [1]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2		0.050		1.89
7073.59	³P₂ 7p [2]_3/2–³P₀ 6s [0]_1/2		0.066		—
7055.30	³P₂ 4f [2]_3/2–³P₁ 6s [1]_1/2		0.003		—
7018.24	³P₂ 9s [2]_6/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2		0.022		—
7010.02	³P₂ 9p [2]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2		0.002		—
6993.41	³P₁ 7s [1]_1/2–³P₁ 6d [2]_3/2		0.010		—
6980.78	³P₂ 9s [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.020		—
6986.51	³P₂ 7f [5]_11/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2		0.015		5.05
6959.09	³P₂ 9p [1]_1/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2		0.060		—
6928.82	³P₂ 7d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.012		0.348
6739.92	³P₂ 8f [4]_9/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2		0.008		—
6732.03	³P₂ 6f [3]_5/2–³P₂ 5d [2]_3/2		0.016		5.77
6726.92	³P₂ 6f [2]_3/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2		0.011		0.843
6697.29	¹D₁ 5d [4]_9/2–¹D₂ 6p [3]_7/2		0.013		—
6693.92	³P₂ 9s [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.030		—
6662.10	³P₂ 8d [3]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2		0.067		1.44
6661.11	³P₂ 9s [2]_8/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2		0.060		—
6650.79	³P₂ 11s [1]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_3/2		0.002		—
6619.66	³P₂ 8d [4]_9/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/8		0.180		4.56
6585.27	³P₂ 6f [4]_7/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_5/2		0.105		7.74
6583.75	³P₂ 6f [4]_9/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_7/2		0.175		8.03
6580.92	³P₂ 6f [4]_7/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_7/2		0.018		0.287
6577.68	³P₂ 9f [4]_9/2–³P₂ 5d [4]_9/2		0.005		—
6570.38	¹D₂ 5d [1]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [1]_1/2		0.010		15.6
6566.49	³P₂ 8d [4]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.060		4.51
6564.80	¹D₂ 6p [1]_3/2–³P₁ 6s [1]_1/2		0.009		0.978
6560.82	³P₂ 8d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.016		0.015
6488.10	³P₁ 6p [0]_1/2–³P₂ 6s [2]_3/2		0.012		0.544
6479.89	¹D₂ 5d [1]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.006		0.336
6415.70	³P₂ 10s [2]_6/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2		0.007		—
6411.22	³P₂ 8p [1]_1/2–³P₁ 6s [1]_1/2		0.005		—
6378.70	³P₂ 7f [3]_5/2–³P₂ 5d [1]_3/2		0.004		—
6371.68	³P₂ 8d [3]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.030		3.18
6367.28	³P₂ 8d [1]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.024		0.128
6359.16	³P₀ 6p [1]_1/2–³P₂ 6s [2]_3/2		0.012		0.873
6355.57	³P₂ 10s [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_5/2		0.005		—
6339.44	³P₂ 8d [3]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2		0.050		3.46
6337.85	³P₂ 8d [3]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2		0.100		0.231
6333.50	³P₂ 8d [1]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2		0.010		1.17
6330.37	³P₂ 8d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_8/2		0.014		2.74
6323.82	? –³P₂ 6p [1]_1/2		0.003		—
6297.00	³P₂ 8d [2]_3/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_5/2		0.009		0.309
6293.98	³P₀ 6p [1]_3/2–³P₂ 6s [2]_3/2		0.053		0.407
6290.61	³P₂ 8d [2]_5/2–³P₂ 6p [2]_3/2		0.005		0.207
6246.14	³P₂ 7f [4]_7/2–³P₂ 5d [2]_5/2		0.010		5.68
6244.48	³P₂ 7f [4]_9/2–³P₂ 5d [3]_7/2		0.025		5.89
6240.83	³P₂ 9d [3]_7/2–³P₂ 6p [3]_7/2		0.009		—
6213.10	³P₂ 9d [4]_9/2–3P₂ 6p [3]_7/2		0.050		—

Abstract

Cited By

Figures (4)

Tables (4)

Equations (4)

Applied Optics