Abstract

In the first part of this paper, we show how great is the interest, from the optical point of view, of obtaining as precise as possible a determination of the shape of the surfaces. The first examples given deal with thin films; then we consider the optical gratings: here the problem is particularly important, for the true shape of the grooves, which is often different from the ideal, has a direct repercussion on the efficiency. The usual methods employed in electron microscopy do not reveal with a sufficiently good precision the topography of the surfaces. We describe the technique we have devised: it gives an image of the profile of these surfaces and enables us to know their true shape. A number of photographs obtained on thin films of CaF₂ and Se, and also on optical gratings, provide illustrations of the capabilities of this new method of observation by electron microscopy.

© 1969 Optical Society of America

Propriétés photoélectriques des couches minces de calcium

L. Gaudart and R. Rivoira
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