Infrared Characteristics of Ocean Water (1.5 –15 μ)

D. Friedman

doi:10.1364/AO.8.002073

Applied Optics
Vol. 8,
Issue 10,
pp. 2073-2078
(1969)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.8.002073

Infrared Characteristics of Ocean Water (1.5 –15 μ)

D. Friedman

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D. Friedman, "Infrared Characteristics of Ocean Water (1.5 –15 μ)," Appl. Opt. 8, 2073-2078 (1969)

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Abstract

Equations and tabulated values of the index of refraction and the extinction coefficient are presented which can be used to calculate the reflectance of ocean water in the 1.5–15-μ range. Using double beam spectrophotometers, the reflectance of artificial ocean water with respect to the reflectance of distilled water was measured and compared with the calculated values for incidence angles of 60° and 70°. The agreement between the calculated and measured values was found to be well within the limits of experimental accuracy.

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Wavelength (μ)	n	k
1.0	1.324	3.0 × 10⁻⁶
1.2	1.320	1.13 × 10⁻⁵
1.4	1.317	2.9 × 10⁻⁴
1.6	1.313	8.4 × 10⁻³
1.8	1.308	1.5 × 10⁻⁴
2.0	1.300	1.01 × 10⁻⁵
2.2	1.288	3.6 × 10⁻⁴
2.4	1.269	8.8 × 10⁻⁴
2.6	1.231	0.0056
2.74	1.168	0.0300
2.8	1.202	0.0828
3.0	1.364	0.3060
3.02	1.385	0.307
3.17	1.482	0.1180
3.2	1.478	0.0834
3.4	1.416	0.0250
3.6	1.382	0.0088
3.8	1.360	0.0054
4.0	1.345	0.0065
4.2	1.334	0.0100
4.4	1.327	0.0144
4.6	1.323	0.0196
4.73	1.322	0.0218
4.8	1.322	0.0212
5.0	1.319	0.0174
5.2	1.312	0.0147
5.4	1.300	0.0142
5.6	1.282	0.0187
5.8	1.254	0.0360
5.92	1.230	0.066
6.0	1.259	0.0980
6.08	1.306	0.1215
6.2	1.362	0.0863
6.4	1.335	0.0584
6.6	1.321	0.0496
6.8	1.313	0.0456
7.0	1.308	0.0444
7.2	1.303	0.0446
7.4	1.299	0.0453
7.6	1.295	0.0460
7.8	1.290	0.0468
8.0	1.285	0.0477
8.2	1.280	0.0484
8.4	1.274	0.0488
8.6	1.268	0.0493
8.8	1.262	0.0500
9.0	1.255	0.0510
9.2	1.247	0.0521
9.4	1.239	0.0538
9.6	1.229	0.0564
9.8	1.218	0.0598
10.0	1.207	0.0640
10.2	1.194	0.0696
10.4	1.180	0.0786
10.6	1.166	0.0850
10.8	1.153	0.0956
11.0	1.142	0.1086
11.2	1.133	0.1240
11.4	1.126	0.1416
11.6	1.120	0.1620
11.8	1.118	0.184
12.0	1.116	0.207
12.2	1.117	0.229
12.4	1.119	0.253
12.6	1.122	0.275
12.8	1.127	0.299
13.0	1.135	0.321
13.2	1.145	0.339
13.4	1.156	0.354
13.6	1.168	0.367
13.8	1.180	0.379
14.0	1.193	0.388
14.2	1.206	0.397
14.4	1.219	0.404
14.6	1.233	0.411
14.8	1.246	0.416
15.0	1.260	0.420
15.5	1.293	0.428
16.0	1.323	0.433
16.5	1.348	0.436
17.0	1.369	0.437
17.5	1.388	0.437
18.0	1.404	0.436
18.5	1.418	0.434
19.0	1.431	0.432
19.5	1.443	0.429
20.0	1.454	0.426
20.5	1.464	0.423
21.0	1.474	0.419
21.5	1.483	0.414
22.0	1.492	0.410
22.5	1.499	0.405
23.0	1.507	0.400
23.5	1.514	0.394
24.0	1.519	0.388
24.5	1.524	0.381
25.0	1.528	0.376
26.0	1.535	0.366
27.0	1.538	0.361
27.5	1.539	0.360
28.0	1.538	0.359
29.0	1.535	0.359
30.0	1.529	0.360
31.0	1.522	0.363
32.0	1.512	0.366
33.0	1.502	0.371
34.0	1.489	0.376
35.0	1.474	0.383
36.0	1.456	0.391
37.0	1.433	0.400
38.0	1.408	0.410
39.0	1.382	0.421
40.0	1.355	0.432

Chemical	Grams/100 cc of ocean water
MgCl₂·6H₂O	0.52
NaCl	2.75
MgSO₄·7H₂O	0.70
CaCl₂	0.15

Wavelength (μ)	Δn^a	Δk^b	k′^c
9.0	0.007	−0.001
9.2	0.007	−0.001
9.4	0.008	−0.001
9.6	0.008	−0.001
9.8	0.009	−0.001
10.0	0.009	−0.001
10.2	0.009	−0.002
10.4	0.009	−0.002
10.6	0.009	−0.002
10.8	0.009	−0.003
11.0	0.009	−0.003
11.2	0.009	−0.004
11.4	0.008	−0.004
11.6	0.008	−0.005
11.8	0.007	−0.006	−0.001
12.0	0.007	−0.006	−0.003
12.2	0.006	−0.006	−0.004
12.4	0.006	−0.006	−0.004
12.6	0.006	−0.006	−0.004
12.8	0.005	−0.006	−0.004
13.0	0.004	−0.006	−0.004
13.2	0.003	−0.006	−0.005
13.4	0.002	−0.005	−0.005
13.6	0.002	−0.005	−0.005
13.8	0.002	−0.004	−0.005
14.0	0.001	−0.003	−0.005
14.2	0.001	−0.003	−0.005
14.4	0.001	−0.002	−0.005
14.6	0.001	−0.002	−0.005
14.8	0.001	−0.002	−0.005
15.0	0.000	−0.001	−0.005

Wavelength (μ)	n	k
1.0	1.324	3.0 × 10⁻⁶
1.2	1.320	1.13 × 10⁻⁵
1.4	1.317	2.9 × 10⁻⁴
1.6	1.313	8.4 × 10⁻³
1.8	1.308	1.5 × 10⁻⁴
2.0	1.300	1.01 × 10⁻⁵
2.2	1.288	3.6 × 10⁻⁴
2.4	1.269	8.8 × 10⁻⁴
2.6	1.231	0.0056
2.74	1.168	0.0300
2.8	1.202	0.0828
3.0	1.364	0.3060
3.02	1.385	0.307
3.17	1.482	0.1180
3.2	1.478	0.0834
3.4	1.416	0.0250
3.6	1.382	0.0088
3.8	1.360	0.0054
4.0	1.345	0.0065
4.2	1.334	0.0100
4.4	1.327	0.0144
4.6	1.323	0.0196
4.73	1.322	0.0218
4.8	1.322	0.0212
5.0	1.319	0.0174
5.2	1.312	0.0147
5.4	1.300	0.0142
5.6	1.282	0.0187
5.8	1.254	0.0360
5.92	1.230	0.066
6.0	1.259	0.0980
6.08	1.306	0.1215
6.2	1.362	0.0863
6.4	1.335	0.0584
6.6	1.321	0.0496
6.8	1.313	0.0456
7.0	1.308	0.0444
7.2	1.303	0.0446
7.4	1.299	0.0453
7.6	1.295	0.0460
7.8	1.290	0.0468
8.0	1.285	0.0477
8.2	1.280	0.0484
8.4	1.274	0.0488
8.6	1.268	0.0493
8.8	1.262	0.0500
9.0	1.255	0.0510
9.2	1.247	0.0521
9.4	1.239	0.0538
9.6	1.229	0.0564
9.8	1.218	0.0598
10.0	1.207	0.0640
10.2	1.194	0.0696
10.4	1.180	0.0786
10.6	1.166	0.0850
10.8	1.153	0.0956
11.0	1.142	0.1086
11.2	1.133	0.1240
11.4	1.126	0.1416
11.6	1.120	0.1620
11.8	1.118	0.184
12.0	1.116	0.207
12.2	1.117	0.229
12.4	1.119	0.253
12.6	1.122	0.275
12.8	1.127	0.299
13.0	1.135	0.321
13.2	1.145	0.339
13.4	1.156	0.354
13.6	1.168	0.367
13.8	1.180	0.379
14.0	1.193	0.388
14.2	1.206	0.397
14.4	1.219	0.404
14.6	1.233	0.411
14.8	1.246	0.416
15.0	1.260	0.420
15.5	1.293	0.428
16.0	1.323	0.433
16.5	1.348	0.436
17.0	1.369	0.437
17.5	1.388	0.437
18.0	1.404	0.436
18.5	1.418	0.434
19.0	1.431	0.432
19.5	1.443	0.429
20.0	1.454	0.426
20.5	1.464	0.423
21.0	1.474	0.419
21.5	1.483	0.414
22.0	1.492	0.410
22.5	1.499	0.405
23.0	1.507	0.400
23.5	1.514	0.394
24.0	1.519	0.388
24.5	1.524	0.381
25.0	1.528	0.376
26.0	1.535	0.366
27.0	1.538	0.361
27.5	1.539	0.360
28.0	1.538	0.359
29.0	1.535	0.359
30.0	1.529	0.360
31.0	1.522	0.363
32.0	1.512	0.366
33.0	1.502	0.371
34.0	1.489	0.376
35.0	1.474	0.383
36.0	1.456	0.391
37.0	1.433	0.400
38.0	1.408	0.410
39.0	1.382	0.421
40.0	1.355	0.432

Chemical	Grams/100 cc of ocean water
MgCl₂·6H₂O	0.52
NaCl	2.75
MgSO₄·7H₂O	0.70
CaCl₂	0.15

Abstract

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Figures (6)

Tables (3)

Equations (7)

Applied Optics