Slotted photonic crystal fiber-based plasmonic biosensor

Hasan Sarker; Hasan Sarker; Mohammad Faisal; Md. Aslam Mollah

doi:10.1364/AO.412951

Applied Optics
Vol. 60,
Issue 2,
pp. 358-366
(2021)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.412951

Slotted photonic crystal fiber-based plasmonic biosensor

Hasan Sarker, Mohammad Faisal, and Md. Aslam Mollah

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Hasan Sarker, Mohammad Faisal, and Md. Aslam Mollah, "Slotted photonic crystal fiber-based plasmonic biosensor," Appl. Opt. 60, 358-366 (2021)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Surface Optics and Plasmonics
Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: October 30, 2020
- Revised Manuscript: December 6, 2020
- Manuscript Accepted: December 7, 2020
- Published: January 6, 2021

Abstract

An optical fiber having the properties of photonic crystal and offering new diversity and features beyond a conventional optical fiber is the photonic crystal fiber (PCF). In this paper, a simplified version of a highly sensitive plasmonic sensor, called a “slotted PCF based plasmonic biosensor,” is studied numerically with asymmetric air holes using the finite element method. From numerical records through the interrogation method, the maximum obtained wavelength sensitivity and amplitude sensitivity are 22000 nm/RIU and $1782.56\,\,{{\rm RIU}^{- 1}}$, respectively, with a maximum wavelength resolution of $4.54 \times {10^{- 6}}\,\,{{\rm RIU}^{- 1}}$ RIU for the $y$-polarized mode. Finally, optimization of the sensor performance is scrutinized, and the effect of different parameters is studied with proper resonance wavelength curve fitting. The design structure of the fiber is simple, symmetrical, easy to fabricate, and cost effective and has higher sensitivity than other PCF based sensors. Having a symmetric orientation of air holes, classic geometric structure, and higher sensitivity, it has the capability to be used in sensing applications, refractive index detection, and identification of biochemicals, biomolecules, and other analytes.

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RI	$λ$ (µm)	$Λ$ (µm)	$h_{1}$ (µm)
1.33	0.570	1	2.5
$h_{2}$ (µm)	$w_{1}$ (µm)	$w_{2}$ (µm)	$t_{g}$ (nm)
4.25	0.5	0.5	30

Analyte RI	Maximum Confinement Loss (dB/cm)	Sensor Length (cm)	Resonance Wavelength (µm)	Resonance Peak Shift (nm)	WS (nm/RIU)	AS ( ${R I U}^{- 1}$ )	WR (RIU)
1.33	0.439	2.278	0.57	10	1000	63.82	$1 \times 1 0^{- 4}$
1.34	0.554	1.805	0.58	20	2000	81.78	$5 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.35	0.726	1.377	0.60	20	2000	113.37	$5 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.36	0.962	1.040	0.62	20	2000	161.76	$5 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.37	1.38	0.725	0.64	30	3000	246.83	$3 .33 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.38	1.94	0.515	0.67	40	4000	391.08	$2 .5 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.39	2.88	0.347	0.71	50	5000	710.84	$2 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.40	4.64	0.216	0.76	80	8000	1242.48	$1 .5 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.41	7.86	0.127	0.84	130	13000	1782.56	$7 .6 \times 1 0^{- 6}$
1.42	14.6	0.0685	0.97	220	22000	862.31	$4 .54 \times 1 0^{- 6}$
1.43	23.4	0.0427	1.19	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

$t_{g} (n m)$	$λ$ (µm)	Maximum Confinement Loss (dB/cm)
20	0.57	0.939
25	0.62	1.60
30	0.67	1.94
35	0.71	1.92
40	0.74	1.69

Inclination (°)	$λ$ (µm)	Maximum Confinement Loss (dB/cm)
−4	0.67	1.99
−2		1.95
0		1.94
$+ 2$		1.95
$+ 4$		1.99

	$R I = 1.38$		$R I = 1.39$
Value of $h_{1}$ and $h_{2}$	$λ$ (µm)	Maximum Confinement Loss (dB/cm)	$λ$ (µm)	Maximum Confinement Loss (dB/cm)	AS ( ${R I U}^{- 1}$ )
−5%	0.67	3.42	0.71	5.02	428
Optimum	0.67	1.94	0.71	2.88	391
$+ 5 %$	0.66	1.04	0.71	1.58	447

Reference No.	Detection Range of RI	AS ( ${R I U}^{- 1}$ )	WS (nm/RIU)	WR (RIU)
[2]	1.420–1.530	159.7	11,700	$8.55 \times 1 0^{- 6}$
[4]	1.330–1.400	1086	12,000	$8.33 \times 1 0^{- 6}$
[7]	1.330–1.410	635.5	11,500	$8.70 \times 1 0^{- 6}$
[13]	1.350–1.460	N/A	1,931.03	N/A
[20]	1.330–1.400	1085	9,000	$1.11 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
[21]	1.330–1.490	N/A	25,900	N/A
[27]	1.330–1.400	N/A	11,600	$9.71 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
[34]	1.380–1.420	513	4875	$2.50 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
[35]	1.345–1.410	N/A	12,450	$8.03 \times 1 0^{- 6}$
[36]	1.300–1.310	148	6,000	$0.16 \times 1 0^{- 6}$
[37]	1.330–1.380	420.4	4,600	$2.17 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
[38]	1.400–1.430	N/A	15,180	$5.68 \times 1 0^{- 6}$
Proposed sensor	1.330–1.430	1785.56	22,000	$4.54 \times 1 0^{- 6}$

Abstract

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Equations (7)

Applied Optics