Abstract

A concise laser system for optically pumped cesium beam clocks is presented. The laser’s frequency is locked by a fluorescence signal, produced by the interaction between a cesium atomic beam and laser. A cesium oven with a longer atom source collimator, formed by an array of channels, was used to reduce the divergence angle of the cesium atomic beam. The size of the cesium source collimator is $4\mathrm{mm}\times 0.6\mathrm{mm}$, and the cesium expenditure rate is $2.4\times {10}^{-1}\mathrm{g}$ per year. A dense cesium atomic flux was used to interact with the laser to generate a fluorescence signal when the oven heating temperature is not too high. The cesium beam tube could have a longer lifetime. The optical structure of the laser system is compact. The measured frequency stability of the laser is $\sim 4\times {10}^{-11}$ at 10,000 s when the laser frequency is locked in the $\mathrm{F}=4\to {\mathrm{F}}^{\prime }=5$ transition of the cesium ${\mathrm{D}}_2$ line. The design of an atom oven and atom source may be used in other atomic beam clocks to improve their performance.

© 2018 Optical Society of America

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