Abstract
Conventional lens stops, implemented with an absorptive physical aperture, have an angle-dependent projection that introduces field dependent loss and reduces diffraction-limited resolution. Retro-telephoto lenses obtain uniform response using aberration vignetting, but this results in low wide-angle resolution and significant lens volume. However, an angle-independent “virtual” aperture can be created by total internal reflection (TIR) from a thin low index layer inside the lens. We apply this to monocentric wide-angle imaging and find a simple relationship between the filtering layer index and radius and the resulting lens F/#. We provide two detailed designs of lenses with 12 mm focal length and a F/2.5 TIR stop, one using a low index adhesive within a solid fixed-focus lens, the other using an air cavity within an adjustable focus lens. We show the designs provide absolutely uniform resolution and light collection over an angle range of 84° and 106°, respectively, resulting in a dramatic improvement of both light collection and angular resolution per unit volume over conventional wide-angle lenses.
© 2016 Optical Society of America
Full Article | PDF ArticleMore Like This
Igor Stamenov, Ilya P. Agurok, and Joseph E. Ford
Appl. Opt. 51(31) 7648-7661 (2012)
Iltai Isaac Kim, Yang Lie, and Jae Sung Park
Opt. Express 29(25) 41685-41702 (2021)
Igor Stamenov, Ashkan Arianpour, Stephen J. Olivas, Ilya P. Agurok, Adam R. Johnson, Ronald A. Stack, Rick L. Morrison, and Joseph E. Ford
Opt. Express 22(26) 31708-31721 (2014)