Simultaneous strain and temperature measurement by cascading few-mode fiber and single-mode fiber long-period fiber gratings

Abstract

A hybrid optical fiber structure of two cascading long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs), respectively, inscribed on a segment of few-mode fiber (FMF) and single-mode fiber (SMF), is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. This structure could be used for simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature. The FMF-LPFG exhibits an opposite temperature response and higher strain sensitivity compared to that of the SMF-LPFG, which can improve the measurement resolutions. Experimentally, the strain and temperature sensitivities of the proposed sensor are $-2.9\mathrm{pm}/\mathrm{\mu \epsilon }$ and $-17.6\mathrm{pm}/°\mathrm{C}$, respectively, for the FMF-LPFG; for the SMF-LPFG, these are $-1.47\mathrm{pm}/\mathrm{\mu \epsilon }$ and $46.4\mathrm{pm}/°\mathrm{C}$, respectively. The maximum errors are $\pm 7.98\mathrm{\mu \epsilon }$ and $\pm 0.54°\mathrm{C}$ for strain and temperature, respectively.

© 2014 Optical Society of America

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