Linear basis for metallic and iridescent colors

José M. Medina

doi:10.1364/AO.47.005644

Applied Optics
Vol. 47,
Issue 30,
pp. 5644-5653
(2008)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.47.005644

Linear basis for metallic and iridescent colors

José M. Medina

Not Accessible

Your library or personal account may give you access

Get PDF
Email
Share
Get Citation
Copy Citation Text
José M. Medina, "Linear basis for metallic and iridescent colors," Appl. Opt. 47, 5644-5653 (2008)

Export Citation
- BibTex
- Endnote (RIS)
- HTML
- Plain Text
Citation alert
Save article

Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Vision, Color, and Visual Optics
Optics & Photonics Topics
?

The topics in this list come from the Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: July 8, 2008
- Manuscript Accepted: September 17, 2008
- Published: October 15, 2008
Virtual Issues
Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics Vol. 3, Iss. 12

Abstract

I have examined the correlation structure in goniochromism by principal-component analysis. Reflectance spectra were collected in synthetic samples that reproduce metallic, nacreous, and iridescent effects under different viewing angles. Although three principal components take into account 99% of the variance, between seven and eight are needed to reach 99.99%. The results were also confirmed by analyzing each viewing condition separately. It was found that although the viewing angle does not modify the first three basis functions, it affects the higher-order ones. These angle-dependent effects can be attributed to optical interference flakes. The implications for pigment identification are discussed.

Full Article | PDF Article

More Like This

Low-frequency correlations (1/f^α type) in paint application of metallic colors

José M. Medina and José A. Díaz
Opt. Express 20(16) 17560-17565 (2012)

Analysis of the colorimetric properties of goniochromatic colors using the MacAdam limits under different light sources

Esther Perales, Elísabet Chorro, Werner R. Cramer, and Francisco M. Martínez-Verdú
Appl. Opt. 50(27) 5271-5278 (2011)

Color characterization of coatings with diffraction pigments

A. Ferrero, B. Bernad, J. Campos, E. Perales, J. L. Velázquez, and F. M. Martínez-Verdú
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 33(10) 1978-1988 (2016)

Previous Article Next Article

Cited By

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Cited by links are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Figures (6)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Figure files are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Tables (3)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Article tables are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Equations (4)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Equations are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

	First PC	Second PC	Third PC	Fourth PC	Fifth PC	Sixth PC	Seventh PC	Eighth PC
Goniochromatic	88.12%	95.69%	99.69%	99.88%	99.95%	99.98%	99.99%	99.99%
Uniform	88.81%	97.11%	99.45%	99.84%	99.93%	99.96%	99.98%	99.99%

	First PC	Second PC	Third PC	Fourth PC	Fifth PC	Sixth PC	Seventh PC	Eighth PC
$γ = 15 °$	85.71%	94.61%	99.68%	99.88%	99.96%	99.98%	99.99%	99.99%
$γ = 25 °$	87.49%	95.95%	99.64%	99.87%	99.95%	99.97%	99.98%	99.99%
$γ = 45 °$	88.81%	97.11%	99.45%	99.84%	99.93%	99.96%	99.98%	99.99%
$γ = 75 °$	90.50%	97.64%	99.06%	99.81%	99.90%	99.96%	99.98%	99.99%
$γ = 110 °$	90.83%	97.41%	98.77%	99.74%	99.86%	99.94%	99.97%	99.99%

	Basis	$γ = 15 °$	$γ = 25 °$	$γ = 45 °$	$γ = 75 °$	$γ = 110 °$
Mean RMS Error ( $\pm 1$ SEM)	3	0.36 (0.05)	0.18 (0.02)	0.062 (0.008)	0.037 (0.006)	0.033 (0.006)
Mean RMS Error ( $\pm 1$ SEM)	8	0.042 (0.004)	0.018 (0.002)	0.0071 (0.0007)	0.006 (0.001)	0.0050 (0.0007)
Maximum RMS Error	3	4.52	2.0	0.52	0.36	0.39
Maximum RMS Error	8	0.26	0.14	0.04	0.06	0.04
Mean $Δ E$ DIN ( $\pm 1$ SEM)	3	0.78 (0.06)	0.47 (0.03)	0.20 (0.02)	0.12 (0.02)	0.11 (0.02)
Mean $Δ E$ DIN ( $\pm 1$ SEM)	8	0.034 (0.003)	0.015 (0.001)	0.0039 (0.0004)	0.0028 (0.0005)	0.0023 (0.0004)
Maximum $Δ E$ DIN	3	3.91	1.97	1.91	1.22	1.20
Maximum $Δ E$ DIN	8	0.34	0.13	0.02	0.04	0.03

	First PC	Second PC	Third PC	Fourth PC	Fifth PC	Sixth PC	Seventh PC	Eighth PC
Goniochromatic	88.12%	95.69%	99.69%	99.88%	99.95%	99.98%	99.99%	99.99%
Uniform	88.81%	97.11%	99.45%	99.84%	99.93%	99.96%	99.98%	99.99%

	First PC	Second PC	Third PC	Fourth PC	Fifth PC	Sixth PC	Seventh PC	Eighth PC
$γ = 15 °$	85.71%	94.61%	99.68%	99.88%	99.96%	99.98%	99.99%	99.99%
$γ = 25 °$	87.49%	95.95%	99.64%	99.87%	99.95%	99.97%	99.98%	99.99%
$γ = 45 °$	88.81%	97.11%	99.45%	99.84%	99.93%	99.96%	99.98%	99.99%
$γ = 75 °$	90.50%	97.64%	99.06%	99.81%	99.90%	99.96%	99.98%	99.99%
$γ = 110 °$	90.83%	97.41%	98.77%	99.74%	99.86%	99.94%	99.97%	99.99%

Abstract

Cited By

Figures (6)

Tables (3)

Equations (4)

Applied Optics