Abstract
We analyze the mechanisms leading to a highly diffractive fixed hologram in photorefractive Fe-doped lithium niobate crystals by simultaneous self-stabilized holographic recording and compensation at moderately high temperatures. We show that a partially compensated running hologram is produced during recording under this condition and discuss the performance of the process in terms of the operating temperature, the degree of oxidation ( ratio) of the sample, and the effect of the absorption grating arising from the spatial modulation of the concentration produced during photorefractive recording. We experimentally measure the evolution of the uncompensated remaining hologram during recording and the evolution of the diffraction efficiency of the fixed hologram during white-light development and show that the maximum fixed grating modulation to be achieved is roughly limited by Fe-dopant saturation. A reproducible efficiency fixed grating was obtained on a sample exhibiting an otherwise maximum fixed when using the classical three-step (recording at room temperature—compensating at high temperature—developing at room temperature) process.
© 2006 Optical Society of America
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