V. E. Zuev, V. S. Komarov, and A. V. Kreminskii, "Application of correlation lidar data to modeling and prediction of wind components," Appl. Opt. 36, 1906-1914 (1997)
Statistical estimation of the quality of lidar wind velocity measurements
by the correlation method and the results of their application to the study of
local and regional climates as well as to the reconstruction and
ultrashort-range prediction (for forecasting periods ≤12 h) of mean zonal
and meridional wind velocity components are presented. Wind velocity
measurents with a three-path correlation lidar can be used successfully for
climatic–ecological monitoring of local territories.
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For 4-h forecast period and standard
deviation of zonal wind velocity and meridional wind velocity. Value of rms
error and probability that error of reconstruction is less than
±1,…, ±4 m/s or greater than ±4 m/s
calculated by MMCA from wind lidar data; E is rms error,
P is probability, s is standard
deviation.
For 8-h forecast period and standard
deviation of zonal wind velocity and meridional wind velocity. Value of rms
error and probability that error of reconstruction is less than
±1,…, ±4 m/s or greater than ±4 m/s
calculated by MMCA from wind lidar data; E is rms error,
P is probability, s is standard
deviation.
For 12-h forecast period and standard
deviation of zonal wind velocity and meridional wind velocity. Value of rms
error and probability that error of reconstruction is less than
±1,…, ±4 m/s or greater than ±4 m/s
calculated by MMCA from wind lidar data; E is rms error,
P is probability, s is standard
deviation.
Table 5
Integrated Prediction Errors of Mean Wind Velocitya
Altitude Range (m)
Probability P
E
s
≤ ± 1 (m/s)
≤ ± 2 (m/s)
≤ ± 3 (m/s)
≤ ± 4 (m/s)
> ± 4 (m/s)
Zonal wind velocity
140–240
0.84
0.96
0.98
1.00
0.00
0.6
1.3
140–340
0.76
0.94
0.98
1.00
0.00
0.8
1.4
140–440
0.66
0.88
0.98
0.98
0.02
1.0
1.5
140–540
0.64
0.88
0.94
0.98
0.02
1.2
1.6
140–640
0.60
0.86
0.94
0.98
0.02
1.4
1.7
140–740
0.56
0.84
0.90
0.98
0.02
1.6
1.8
140–840
0.50
0.78
0.88
0.98
0.02
1.6
1.9
140–940
0.50
0.78
0.88
0.98
0.02
1.6
2.0
140–1040
0.48
0.76
0.84
0.98
0.02
1.7
2.1
140–1140
0.46
0.66
0.84
0.98
0.02
2.0
2.2
Meridional wind velocity
140–240
0.84
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.00
0.6
1.8
140–340
0.78
0.98
1.00
1.00
0.00
0.8
2.0
140–440
0.70
0.92
1.00
1.00
0.00
1.0
2.3
140–540
0.76
0.90
0.98
1.00
0.00
1.1
2.5
140–640
0.74
0.92
0.98
1.00
0.00
1.1
2.6
140–740
0.72
0.86
0.94
1.00
0.00
1.3
2.8
140–840
0.70
0.88
0.94
1.00
0.00
1.4
3.0
140–940
0.66
0.86
0.94
0.98
0.02
1.4
3.1
140–1040
0.64
0.84
0.94
0.98
0.02
1.6
3.3
140–1140
0.60
0.82
0.92
0.98
0.02
1.8
3.4
For a forecast period as long as 4 h and
standard deviation of zonal wind velocity and meridional wind velocity. Value
of rms error and probability that error of reconstruction is less than
±1, …, ±4 m/s or greater than ±4 m/s
calculated by MMCA from wind lidar data; E is rms error,
P is probability, s is standard
deviation.
Tables (5)
Table 1
Comparison between the Rawinsonde
(r) and Lidar (l)
Measurements of Wind Velocity Versus the Criteria of the Significance of
Discrepancies ts and Tn
For 4-h forecast period and standard
deviation of zonal wind velocity and meridional wind velocity. Value of rms
error and probability that error of reconstruction is less than
±1,…, ±4 m/s or greater than ±4 m/s
calculated by MMCA from wind lidar data; E is rms error,
P is probability, s is standard
deviation.
For 8-h forecast period and standard
deviation of zonal wind velocity and meridional wind velocity. Value of rms
error and probability that error of reconstruction is less than
±1,…, ±4 m/s or greater than ±4 m/s
calculated by MMCA from wind lidar data; E is rms error,
P is probability, s is standard
deviation.
For 12-h forecast period and standard
deviation of zonal wind velocity and meridional wind velocity. Value of rms
error and probability that error of reconstruction is less than
±1,…, ±4 m/s or greater than ±4 m/s
calculated by MMCA from wind lidar data; E is rms error,
P is probability, s is standard
deviation.
Table 5
Integrated Prediction Errors of Mean Wind Velocitya
Altitude Range (m)
Probability P
E
s
≤ ± 1 (m/s)
≤ ± 2 (m/s)
≤ ± 3 (m/s)
≤ ± 4 (m/s)
> ± 4 (m/s)
Zonal wind velocity
140–240
0.84
0.96
0.98
1.00
0.00
0.6
1.3
140–340
0.76
0.94
0.98
1.00
0.00
0.8
1.4
140–440
0.66
0.88
0.98
0.98
0.02
1.0
1.5
140–540
0.64
0.88
0.94
0.98
0.02
1.2
1.6
140–640
0.60
0.86
0.94
0.98
0.02
1.4
1.7
140–740
0.56
0.84
0.90
0.98
0.02
1.6
1.8
140–840
0.50
0.78
0.88
0.98
0.02
1.6
1.9
140–940
0.50
0.78
0.88
0.98
0.02
1.6
2.0
140–1040
0.48
0.76
0.84
0.98
0.02
1.7
2.1
140–1140
0.46
0.66
0.84
0.98
0.02
2.0
2.2
Meridional wind velocity
140–240
0.84
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.00
0.6
1.8
140–340
0.78
0.98
1.00
1.00
0.00
0.8
2.0
140–440
0.70
0.92
1.00
1.00
0.00
1.0
2.3
140–540
0.76
0.90
0.98
1.00
0.00
1.1
2.5
140–640
0.74
0.92
0.98
1.00
0.00
1.1
2.6
140–740
0.72
0.86
0.94
1.00
0.00
1.3
2.8
140–840
0.70
0.88
0.94
1.00
0.00
1.4
3.0
140–940
0.66
0.86
0.94
0.98
0.02
1.4
3.1
140–1040
0.64
0.84
0.94
0.98
0.02
1.6
3.3
140–1140
0.60
0.82
0.92
0.98
0.02
1.8
3.4
For a forecast period as long as 4 h and
standard deviation of zonal wind velocity and meridional wind velocity. Value
of rms error and probability that error of reconstruction is less than
±1, …, ±4 m/s or greater than ±4 m/s
calculated by MMCA from wind lidar data; E is rms error,
P is probability, s is standard
deviation.
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