Glass-type hydrogen and deuterium absorption cells developed for D/H ratio measurements in the Martian atmosphere

Takuya D. Kawahara; S. Okano; T. Abe; H. Fukunishi; K. Ito

doi:10.1364/AO.36.002229

Applied Optics
Vol. 36,
Issue 10,
pp. 2229-2237
(1997)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.36.002229

Glass-type hydrogen and deuterium absorption cells developed for D/H ratio measurements in the Martian atmosphere

Takuya D. Kawahara, S. Okano, T. Abe, H. Fukunishi, and K. Ito

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Takuya D. Kawahara, S. Okano, T. Abe, H. Fukunishi, and K. Ito, "Glass-type hydrogen and deuterium absorption cells developed for D/H ratio measurements in the Martian atmosphere," Appl. Opt. 36, 2229-2237 (1997)

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Abstract

Hydrogen and deuterium absorption cells of a new glass type have been developed for the D/H ratio measurements on the Japanese Mars mission PLANET-B. The H/D cells work as narrow-band rejection filters for the H/D Lyman-α line, respectively, when the H or D atoms are produced at a heated filament inside the cells. The absorption profiles of the cells were successfully measured with a high-resolution vacuum ultraviolet spectrometer with a wavelength resolution of 6.6 × 10^-4 nm. The derived optical thickness was found to be ∼7 and ∼14 for the hydrogen and deuterium cells, respectively. It was also found that the derived temperature of atomic gas ranges between the temperature of the cell wall and that of the heated filament, and it increases with increasing filament temperature. The measured profiles showed that the absorption efficiencies of the developed absorption cells are sufficient to observe the D/H ratios of the Martian atmosphere.

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Parameter	Value
Optical path length (mm)	100 (H) and 60 (D)
Diameter of the cell (mm)	25 (H) and 50 (D)
Weight (g)	50
Gas pressure (Torr)	3
Cell material	Lead glass
MgF₂ window	1-mm thickness, 0.74% transmission at 122 nm
Filaments	Tungsten: small coil ×2, coiled wire ×2

Data No.	Filament Voltageb (V)	Filament Currentb (A)	Filament Power Consumptionb (W)	Filament Temperatureb (K)	Optical Thickness	Atomic Gas Temperature (K)	Absorption of 300-K Emission (%)	Fraction of Dissociated Molecules
H1A03	4.0	1.92	7.68	1768	5.5 ± 0.4	657 ± 26	97.6 ± 0.6	1.24 × 10^-5
H1A04	3.0	1.65	4.95	1593	2.7 ± 0.2	586 ± 40	86.5 ± 1.9	5.73 × 10^-6
H1A05	5.0	1.65	11.05	1871	7.3 ± 0.7	775 ± 34	99.2 ± 0.3	1.78 × 10^-5
H1A06	2.0	1.39	2.78	1362	0.33 ± 0.04	424 ± 114	22.1 ± 2.3	5.96 × 10^-7
H1A08	4.0	1.92	7.68	1768	5.3 ± 0.7	715 ± 58	97.6 ± 0.8	1.24 × 10^-5
H1A09	4.0	1.92	7.68	1768	6.4 ± 0.8	694 ± 41	98.6 ± 0.6	1.48 × 10^-5
H1A10	3.5	1.78	6.23	1710	5.1 ± 0.6	655 ± 49	97.0 ± 0.9	1.15 × 10^-5
H1A11	3.0	1.64	4.92	1593	3.2 ± 0.3	615 ± 52	90.6 ± 2.0	6.96 × 10^-6
H1A12	2.5	1.51	3.78	1507	1.7 ± 0.1	540 ± 48	72.4 ± 2.0	3.47 × 10^-6
H1A13	2.0	1.38	2.76	1362	0.49 ± 0.06	473 ± 109	31.4 ± 3.2	9.35 × 10^-7

Data No.	Filament Voltageb (V)	Filament Currentb (A)	Filament Power Consumptionb (W)	Filament Temperatureb (K)	Optical Thickness	Atomic Gas Temperature (K)	Absorption of 300-K Emission (%)	Fraction of Dissociated Molecules
D1A09	2.5	1.34	3.39	1464	0.81 ± 0.1	495 ± 118	46.28 ± 4.2	1.11 × 10^-6
D1A10	3.0	1.45	4.35	1619	3.7 ± 0.5	578 ± 55	92.67 ± 2.0	5.46 × 10^-6
D1A11	3.5	1.58	5.53	1695	6.3 ± 1.0	605 ± 34	98.06 ± 0.7	9.51 × 10^-6
D1A12	4.0	1.69	6.76	1747	9.7 ± 1.6	625 ± 40	99.40 ± 0.3	1.49 × 10^-5
D1A13	4.5	1.81	8.15	1799	11.6 ± 2.2	705 ± 48	99.74 ± 0.1	1.89 × 10^-5
D1A14	5.0	1.93	9.65	1848	14.7 ± 2.4	725 ± 40	99.88 ± 0.1	2.43 × 10^-5

Parameter	Value
Optical path length (mm)	100 (H) and 60 (D)
Diameter of the cell (mm)	25 (H) and 50 (D)
Weight (g)	50
Gas pressure (Torr)	3
Cell material	Lead glass
MgF₂ window	1-mm thickness, 0.74% transmission at 122 nm
Filaments	Tungsten: small coil ×2, coiled wire ×2

Data No.	Filament Voltageb (V)	Filament Currentb (A)	Filament Power Consumptionb (W)	Filament Temperatureb (K)	Optical Thickness	Atomic Gas Temperature (K)	Absorption of 300-K Emission (%)	Fraction of Dissociated Molecules
H1A03	4.0	1.92	7.68	1768	5.5 ± 0.4	657 ± 26	97.6 ± 0.6	1.24 × 10^-5
H1A04	3.0	1.65	4.95	1593	2.7 ± 0.2	586 ± 40	86.5 ± 1.9	5.73 × 10^-6
H1A05	5.0	1.65	11.05	1871	7.3 ± 0.7	775 ± 34	99.2 ± 0.3	1.78 × 10^-5
H1A06	2.0	1.39	2.78	1362	0.33 ± 0.04	424 ± 114	22.1 ± 2.3	5.96 × 10^-7
H1A08	4.0	1.92	7.68	1768	5.3 ± 0.7	715 ± 58	97.6 ± 0.8	1.24 × 10^-5
H1A09	4.0	1.92	7.68	1768	6.4 ± 0.8	694 ± 41	98.6 ± 0.6	1.48 × 10^-5
H1A10	3.5	1.78	6.23	1710	5.1 ± 0.6	655 ± 49	97.0 ± 0.9	1.15 × 10^-5
H1A11	3.0	1.64	4.92	1593	3.2 ± 0.3	615 ± 52	90.6 ± 2.0	6.96 × 10^-6
H1A12	2.5	1.51	3.78	1507	1.7 ± 0.1	540 ± 48	72.4 ± 2.0	3.47 × 10^-6
H1A13	2.0	1.38	2.76	1362	0.49 ± 0.06	473 ± 109	31.4 ± 3.2	9.35 × 10^-7

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Applied Optics