Optical diffuse reflectance accessory for measurements of skin tissue by near-infrared spectroscopy

R. Marbach; H. M. Heise

doi:10.1364/AO.34.000610

Applied Optics
Vol. 34,
Issue 4,
pp. 610-621
(1995)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.34.000610

Optical diffuse reflectance accessory for measurements of skin tissue by near-infrared spectroscopy

R. Marbach and H. M. Heise

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R. Marbach and H. M. Heise, "Optical diffuse reflectance accessory for measurements of skin tissue by near-infrared spectroscopy," Appl. Opt. 34, 610-621 (1995)

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Abstract

An optimized accessory for measuring the diffuse reflectance spectra of human skin tissue in the near-infrared spectral range is presented. The device includes an on-axis ellipsoidal collecting mirror with efficient illumination optics for small sampling areas of bulky body specimens. The optical design is supported by the results of a Monte Carlo simulation study of the reflectance characteristics of skin tissue. Because the results evolved from efforts to measure blood glucose noninvasively, the main emphasis is placed on the long-wavelength near-infrared range where sufficient penetration depth for radiation into tissue is still available. The accessory is applied for in vivo diffuse reflectance measurements.

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Optical Simulation Parameters^b				r_av (mm)	Ө_av (deg)	Z_max,av (mm)	L_av (mm)	R_diff (%)
λ = 1.25 μm	μ_a = 0.3	μ_s = 7.0	n₁ = n₂ = 1.37	0.34	44.9	0.50	1.99	27.2
$\tilde{ν} = 8000 {cm}^{- 1}$			n₁ = 1.0, n₂ = 1.37	0.38	44.5	0.54	2.48	16.4
λ = 1.57 μm	μ_a = 0.9	μ_s = 5.0	n₁ = n₂ = 1.37	0.27	47.1	0.31	1.06	8.7
$\tilde{ν} = 6350 {cm}^{- 1}$			n₁ = 1.0, n₂ = 1.37	0.27	44.7	0.37	1.25	4.1
λ = 2.27 μm	μ_a = 1.8	μ_s = 3.0	n₁ = n₂ = 1.34	0.21	50.3	0.19	0.60	2.5
$\tilde{ν} = 4400 {cm}^{- 1}$			n₁ = 1.0, n₂ = 1.34	0.18	45.6	0.23	0.64	1.1

$\tilde{ν} ({cm}^{- 1})$	Monte Carlo Simulation Conditions (−log R_diff)		Experimental Average Values with ±2σ (−log R_diff,exp)
$\tilde{ν} ({cm}^{- 1})$	Matched	Unmatched
8000	0.57	0.785	0.71 ± 0.13
6350	1.06	1.39	1.21 ± 0.18
4400	1.60	1.96	1.91 ± 0.19

Optical Simulation Parameters^b				r_av (mm)	Ө_av (deg)	Z_max,av (mm)	L_av (mm)	R_diff (%)
λ = 1.25 μm	μ_a = 0.3	μ_s = 7.0	n₁ = n₂ = 1.37	0.34	44.9	0.50	1.99	27.2
$\tilde{ν} = 8000 {cm}^{- 1}$			n₁ = 1.0, n₂ = 1.37	0.38	44.5	0.54	2.48	16.4
λ = 1.57 μm	μ_a = 0.9	μ_s = 5.0	n₁ = n₂ = 1.37	0.27	47.1	0.31	1.06	8.7
$\tilde{ν} = 6350 {cm}^{- 1}$			n₁ = 1.0, n₂ = 1.37	0.27	44.7	0.37	1.25	4.1
λ = 2.27 μm	μ_a = 1.8	μ_s = 3.0	n₁ = n₂ = 1.34	0.21	50.3	0.19	0.60	2.5
$\tilde{ν} = 4400 {cm}^{- 1}$			n₁ = 1.0, n₂ = 1.34	0.18	45.6	0.23	0.64	1.1

$\tilde{ν} ({cm}^{- 1})$	Monte Carlo Simulation Conditions (−log R_diff)		Experimental Average Values with ±2σ (−log R_diff,exp)
$\tilde{ν} ({cm}^{- 1})$	Matched	Unmatched
8000	0.57	0.785	0.71 ± 0.13
6350	1.06	1.39	1.21 ± 0.18
4400	1.60	1.96	1.91 ± 0.19

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Applied Optics