Abstract

A kinoform-based Nipkow-disk system, as applied to a real-time confocal microscope, is presented. The major advantage of this technique must be its high light efficiency (e.g., >80%), which significantly improves the performance of a confocal microscope. Our preliminary experiment indicates that there are potential applications to three-dimensional microscopic imaging as well as to object surface detection.

© 1995 Optical Society of America

High-speed 1-frame/ms scanning confocal microscope with a microlens and Nipkow disks

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