Diffuse reflectance and diffuse transmission measurements of aerosol absorption at the First International Workshop on light absorption by aerosol particles

E. M. Patterson; B. T. Marshall

doi:10.1364/AO.21.000387

Applied Optics
Vol. 21,
Issue 3,
pp. 387-393
(1982)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.21.000387

Diffuse reflectance and diffuse transmission measurements of aerosol absorption at the First International Workshop on light absorption by aerosol particles

E. M. Patterson and B. T. Marshall

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E. M. Patterson and B. T. Marshall, "Diffuse reflectance and diffuse transmission measurements of aerosol absorption at the First International Workshop on light absorption by aerosol particles," Appl. Opt. 21, 387-393 (1982)

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Abstract

Aerosol absorption measurements using diffuse reflectance and transmission techniques were made as part of the First International Workshop on light absorption by aerosol particles during July and August 1980. Our diffuse reflectance measurements were used to determine the imaginary component of the refractive index and the mass absorption coefficient for the aerosols and for the bulk material from which the aerosols were generated. Mass absorption coefficients measured by these techniques appear to be lower than those determined by diffuse transmission techniques. Our diffuse transmission measurements of σ_A, the volume absorption coefficient, show that the measured response for this technique will be dependent on filter orientation and on the type of filter. Our data suggest that there may also be a dependence on the physical properties of the aerosol. Average $\tilde{ω}$ values calculated on the basis of these diffuse transmission measurements range from 0.18 for soots to 0.98 for ammonium sulfate.

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Sample type	Time of sample	Sample i.d.	$B_{a} (\frac{m^{2}}{g}) λ = 633 nm$	k(cm⁻¹) λ = 633 nm	n_IM λ = 633 nm
(NH₄)₂SO₄	7/29/80 14:41–16:09	ASA	1.8 × 10⁻⁴	3.2	1.6 × 10⁻⁵
(NH₄)₂SO₄	Bulk sample	ASB	8.0 × 10⁻⁷	1.4 × 10⁻²b	7.0 × 10⁻⁸b
Methylene blue	8/04/80 15:04–15:44	MBA	3.23	4.2 × 10⁴	2.1 × 10⁻¹
Methylene bluea	Bulk sample	MBB	20.3	2.6 × 10⁵	1.3 × 10⁰
Methylene blue salt (1%)	7/29/80 16:26–17:30	MBC	3.47 × 10⁻²	6.1 × 10⁺²	3.07 × 10⁻³
Soot	7/31/80 10:13–11:12	SB	2.49	5.0 × 10⁴	2.5 × 10⁻¹
Soot	7/31/80 11:38–13:46	SA	5.24	1.05 × 10⁵	5.3 × 10⁻¹
Soot	7/31/80 10:37–11:28	SC	3.37	6.7 × 10⁴	3.4 × 10⁻¹
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + soot	7/31/80 15:28–15:49	SD	0.62	1.10 × 10⁴	5.53 × 10⁻²
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + soot	8/06/80 14:57–17:00	SE	0.143	2.53 × 10³	1.28 × 10⁻²
Arizona road dust	8/06/80 10:42–13:33	AA	0.0021	4.2 × 10¹	2.1 × 10⁻⁴
Arizona road dust	Bulk sample	AB	0.0048	9.6 × 10¹	4.8 × 10⁻⁴

Sample type	Time of sample	Sample i.d.	σ_A(m⁻¹)	${\tilde{ω}}_{0}$	Mass concentration μg/m³	B_a
(NH₄)₂SO₄	7/29/80 14:38–15:41	N111	1.5 × 10⁻⁵	0.98	308(f)	7.8 × 10⁻²
(NH₄)₂SO₄	8/08/80 11:44–13:37	N236	3.2 × 10⁻⁶	0.98	30(s)	1.1 × 10⁻¹
Methylene blue	8/01/80 11:31–13:11	N130	5.9 × 10⁻⁴	0.42	171(m)	3.5
Methylene blue	8/01/80 13:17–13:45	N131	6.2 × 10⁻⁴	0.41	171(m)	3.6
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + 0.3%MB	7/30/80 13:33–15:26	N121	1.8 × 10⁻⁵	0.91	58(m)	0.31
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + 1%MB	7/29/80 16:33–16:48	N112	9.3 × 10⁻⁵	0.87	224(m)	0.42
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + 1%MB	7/29/80 17:03–17:33	N113	9.2 × 10⁻⁵	0.87	224(m)	0.41
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + 4%MB	7/30/80 16:33–16:36	N122	9.7 × 10⁻⁵	0.80	68 (m)	1.4
Soot	7/31/80 10:13–11:08	N124	7.7 × 10⁻⁴	0.19	95(s)	8.1
Soot	7/31/80 11:40–12:02	N125	8.7 × 10⁻⁴	0.18	95(s)	9.1
Soot	7/31/80 14:06–14:20	N227	1.1 × 10⁻³	0.15	95(s)	10.9
Soot	8/06/80 17:42–17:44	N414	1.1 × 10⁻³	0.18	85(s)	13
Soot	8/06/80 17:46–17:50	N415	1.1 × 10⁻³	0.18	85(s)	14
Soot	8/06/80 17:52–18:03	N416	9.8 × 10⁻⁴	0.19	85(s)	12
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + soot	7/31/80 15:28–15:49	N128	4.1 × 10⁻⁴	0.50	145(f)	2.7
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + soot	7/31/80 16:17–17:00	N129	4.1 × 10⁻⁴	0.50	145(f)	2.7
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + soot	8/04/80 13:52–14:02	N133	9.4 × 10⁻⁴	0.53	590(f)	1.6
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + soot	8/06/80 14:58–17:00	N137	2.7 × 10⁻⁴	0.55	516(f)	0.52
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + soot	8/07/80 10:51–13:38	N138	2.9 × 10⁻⁴	0.69	355(f)	0.81
Arizona road dust	8/06/80 10:39–13:34	N136	2.8 × 10⁻⁵	0.91	132(f)	0.21
Ambient aerosol	8/05/80 10:25–16:15	N134	1.2 × 10⁻⁵	0.58	18(f)	0.67
Ambient aerosol	8/05/80 17:00–8/06/80 08:33	N135	2.4 × 10⁻⁶	0.79	17(f)	0.14
Ambient aerosol	8/06/80 10:57–17:15	N334	1.2 × 10⁻⁵	—	—	—

Sample type	Time of sample	Sample i.d.	$B_{a} (\frac{m^{2}}{g}) λ = 633 nm$	k(cm⁻¹) λ = 633 nm	n_IM λ = 633 nm
(NH₄)₂SO₄	7/29/80 14:41–16:09	ASA	1.8 × 10⁻⁴	3.2	1.6 × 10⁻⁵
(NH₄)₂SO₄	Bulk sample	ASB	8.0 × 10⁻⁷	1.4 × 10⁻²b	7.0 × 10⁻⁸b
Methylene blue	8/04/80 15:04–15:44	MBA	3.23	4.2 × 10⁴	2.1 × 10⁻¹
Methylene bluea	Bulk sample	MBB	20.3	2.6 × 10⁵	1.3 × 10⁰
Methylene blue salt (1%)	7/29/80 16:26–17:30	MBC	3.47 × 10⁻²	6.1 × 10⁺²	3.07 × 10⁻³
Soot	7/31/80 10:13–11:12	SB	2.49	5.0 × 10⁴	2.5 × 10⁻¹
Soot	7/31/80 11:38–13:46	SA	5.24	1.05 × 10⁵	5.3 × 10⁻¹
Soot	7/31/80 10:37–11:28	SC	3.37	6.7 × 10⁴	3.4 × 10⁻¹
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + soot	7/31/80 15:28–15:49	SD	0.62	1.10 × 10⁴	5.53 × 10⁻²
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + soot	8/06/80 14:57–17:00	SE	0.143	2.53 × 10³	1.28 × 10⁻²
Arizona road dust	8/06/80 10:42–13:33	AA	0.0021	4.2 × 10¹	2.1 × 10⁻⁴
Arizona road dust	Bulk sample	AB	0.0048	9.6 × 10¹	4.8 × 10⁻⁴

Sample type	Time of sample	Sample i.d.	σ_A(m⁻¹)	${\tilde{ω}}_{0}$	Mass concentration μg/m³	B_a
(NH₄)₂SO₄	7/29/80 14:38–15:41	N111	1.5 × 10⁻⁵	0.98	308(f)	7.8 × 10⁻²
(NH₄)₂SO₄	8/08/80 11:44–13:37	N236	3.2 × 10⁻⁶	0.98	30(s)	1.1 × 10⁻¹
Methylene blue	8/01/80 11:31–13:11	N130	5.9 × 10⁻⁴	0.42	171(m)	3.5
Methylene blue	8/01/80 13:17–13:45	N131	6.2 × 10⁻⁴	0.41	171(m)	3.6
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + 0.3%MB	7/30/80 13:33–15:26	N121	1.8 × 10⁻⁵	0.91	58(m)	0.31
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + 1%MB	7/29/80 16:33–16:48	N112	9.3 × 10⁻⁵	0.87	224(m)	0.42
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + 1%MB	7/29/80 17:03–17:33	N113	9.2 × 10⁻⁵	0.87	224(m)	0.41
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + 4%MB	7/30/80 16:33–16:36	N122	9.7 × 10⁻⁵	0.80	68 (m)	1.4
Soot	7/31/80 10:13–11:08	N124	7.7 × 10⁻⁴	0.19	95(s)	8.1
Soot	7/31/80 11:40–12:02	N125	8.7 × 10⁻⁴	0.18	95(s)	9.1
Soot	7/31/80 14:06–14:20	N227	1.1 × 10⁻³	0.15	95(s)	10.9
Soot	8/06/80 17:42–17:44	N414	1.1 × 10⁻³	0.18	85(s)	13
Soot	8/06/80 17:46–17:50	N415	1.1 × 10⁻³	0.18	85(s)	14
Soot	8/06/80 17:52–18:03	N416	9.8 × 10⁻⁴	0.19	85(s)	12
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + soot	7/31/80 15:28–15:49	N128	4.1 × 10⁻⁴	0.50	145(f)	2.7
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + soot	7/31/80 16:17–17:00	N129	4.1 × 10⁻⁴	0.50	145(f)	2.7
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + soot	8/04/80 13:52–14:02	N133	9.4 × 10⁻⁴	0.53	590(f)	1.6
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + soot	8/06/80 14:58–17:00	N137	2.7 × 10⁻⁴	0.55	516(f)	0.52
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + soot	8/07/80 10:51–13:38	N138	2.9 × 10⁻⁴	0.69	355(f)	0.81
Arizona road dust	8/06/80 10:39–13:34	N136	2.8 × 10⁻⁵	0.91	132(f)	0.21
Ambient aerosol	8/05/80 10:25–16:15	N134	1.2 × 10⁻⁵	0.58	18(f)	0.67
Ambient aerosol	8/05/80 17:00–8/06/80 08:33	N135	2.4 × 10⁻⁶	0.79	17(f)	0.14
Ambient aerosol	8/06/80 10:57–17:15	N334	1.2 × 10⁻⁵	—	—	—

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Applied Optics