Atmospheric radiometry at submillimeter wavelengths

J. E. Harries

doi:10.1364/AO.19.003075

Applied Optics
Vol. 19,
Issue 18,
pp. 3075-3081
(1980)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.19.003075

Atmospheric radiometry at submillimeter wavelengths

J. E. Harries

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J. E. Harries, "Atmospheric radiometry at submillimeter wavelengths," Appl. Opt. 19, 3075-3081 (1980)

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Abstract

The paper considers the application of broadband emission radiometry in the submillimeter (very far infrared) spectral region for studies of stratospheric water vapor. The detailed spectroscopy of the region is discussed and the effects of spectral contamination due to emission lines of other constituents, notably O₃ and O₂, and to a lesser extent N₂, are determined quantitatively. The O₃ lines arise through electric dipole transitions, the O₂ lines through magnetic dipole transitions, and the N₂ emission results from collision-induced electric dipole effects. Under certain circumstances, emission from these other species can represent a significant fraction of that due to H₂O itself; it must either be corrected for rather carefully or eliminated in the design of the instrument.

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Constituent	Integrated radiance (W/m² sr)
Constituent	h = 10 km	h = 20 km	h = 30 km
H₂O	4.302	0.7261	0.2215
O₃A	6.896 × 10⁻²	5.116 × 10⁻²	1.744 × 10⁻²
O₃B	0.1287	6.551 × 10⁻²	2.440 × 10⁻²
O₂	3.905 × 10⁻²	8.003 × 10⁻³	1.901 × 10⁻³
Ratios
O₃A/H₂O	1.60 × 10⁻²	7.08 × 10⁻²	7.87 × 10⁻²
O₃B/H₂O	2.99 × 10⁻²	9.02 × 10⁻²	1.10 × 10⁻¹
O₂/H₂O	9.08 × 10⁻³	1.10 × 10⁻²	8.58 × 10⁻³

Constituent	Integrated radiance (W/m² sr)
Constituent	h = 10 km	h = 20 km	h = 30 km
H₂O	0.9289	0.1729	5.105 × 10⁻²
O₃A	4.484 × 10⁻²	3.302 × 10⁻²	1.110 × 10⁻²
O₃B	8.335 × 10⁻²	4.220 × 10⁻²	1.516 × 10⁻²
O₂	2.249 × 10⁻²	4.585 × 10⁻³	1.061 × 10⁻³
Ratios
O₃A/H₂O	4.83 × 10⁻²	1.91 × 10⁻¹	2.17 × 10⁻¹
O₃B/H₂O	8.97 × 10⁻²	2.44 × 10⁻¹	2.97 × 10⁻¹
O₂/H₂O	2.42 × 10⁻²	2.65 × 10⁻²	2.08 × 10⁻²

Molecule	Assumed mean stratospheric mixing ratios (reference)	Reference for spectral data	Ө (cm⁻¹)
H₂O	Fig. 2	26	170
O₂	Fig. 2	26	2.0
O₃	Fig. 2	26	3.0
N₂O	10⁻⁸ (Ref. 33)	29	4 × 10⁻³
CO	10⁻⁸ (Ref. 33)	26	6 × 10⁻³
HCl	5 × 10⁻¹⁰ (Ref. 32)	30	2 × 10⁻²
OH	2 × 10⁻¹¹ (Ref. 31)	31	2 × 10⁻²

Constituent	Integrated radiance (W/m² sr)
Constituent	h = 10 km	h = 20 km	h = 30 km
H₂O	4.302	0.7261	0.2215
O₃A	6.896 × 10⁻²	5.116 × 10⁻²	1.744 × 10⁻²
O₃B	0.1287	6.551 × 10⁻²	2.440 × 10⁻²
O₂	3.905 × 10⁻²	8.003 × 10⁻³	1.901 × 10⁻³
Ratios
O₃A/H₂O	1.60 × 10⁻²	7.08 × 10⁻²	7.87 × 10⁻²
O₃B/H₂O	2.99 × 10⁻²	9.02 × 10⁻²	1.10 × 10⁻¹
O₂/H₂O	9.08 × 10⁻³	1.10 × 10⁻²	8.58 × 10⁻³

Constituent	Integrated radiance (W/m² sr)
Constituent	h = 10 km	h = 20 km	h = 30 km
H₂O	0.9289	0.1729	5.105 × 10⁻²
O₃A	4.484 × 10⁻²	3.302 × 10⁻²	1.110 × 10⁻²
O₃B	8.335 × 10⁻²	4.220 × 10⁻²	1.516 × 10⁻²
O₂	2.249 × 10⁻²	4.585 × 10⁻³	1.061 × 10⁻³
Ratios
O₃A/H₂O	4.83 × 10⁻²	1.91 × 10⁻¹	2.17 × 10⁻¹
O₃B/H₂O	8.97 × 10⁻²	2.44 × 10⁻¹	2.97 × 10⁻¹
O₂/H₂O	2.42 × 10⁻²	2.65 × 10⁻²	2.08 × 10⁻²

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Applied Optics