Atmospheric refractive effects on coherent lidar performance at 10.6 μm

R. L. Schwiesow; R. F. Calfee

doi:10.1364/AO.18.003911

Applied Optics
Vol. 18,
Issue 23,
pp. 3911-3917
(1979)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.18.003911

Atmospheric refractive effects on coherent lidar performance at 10.6 μm

R. L. Schwiesow and R. F. Calfee

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R. L. Schwiesow and R. F. Calfee, "Atmospheric refractive effects on coherent lidar performance at 10.6 μm," Appl. Opt. 18, 3911-3917 (1979)

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Abstract

The aperture diameter over which a lidar transceiver collects backscattered signal that can be coherently detected depends on refractive index inhomogeneities in the atmosphere. We have studied the change in coherently detected signal with change in aperture for a cw (focusing) lidar operating at 10.6-μm wavelength over a horizontal path 2 m above the ground at target ranges between 0.6 km and 2.6 km. We conclude that for average daytime conditions at a range of 1 km, for example, a transceiver aperture diameter of 27 cm gives approximately 65% of the coherent signal expected from an aperture of twice that diameter.

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	Effective aperture

Range (km)	Infinity focus (cm)	Range focus (cm)	Theoretical (cm)
0.587	12.8 ± 12%	25.7 ± 32%	37.8
1.198	14.6 ± 5%	24.8 ± 16%	24.7
2.597	15.5 ± 4%	15.5 ± 6%	15.5

		Effective aperture diameter (cm)

Range (km)	T (K)	Infinity focus	Focus corrected	Runs
0.587	<293	11.1 ± 20%	20.7 ± 40%	4
0.587	>293	14.9 ± 10%	31.4 ± 30%	12
0.587	All	12.8 ± 12%	25.7 ± 32%	16
1.198	<293	12.8 ± 9%	20.9 ± 20%	19
1.198	>293	16.4 ± 5%	28.5 ± 16%	28
1.198	All	14.6 ± 5%	24.8 ± 16%	47
2.597	<293	14.4 ± 5%	14.4 ± 5%	32
2.597	>293	18.4 ± 5%	18.4 ± 5%	29
2.597	All	15.5 ± 4%	15.5 ± 4%	61

		$C_{n}^{2} (m^{- 2 / 3})$

Range (km)	T (K)	0.6329 μm	10.59 μm	Runs
1.198	All	3.00 × 10⁻¹³	3.00 × 10⁻¹⁴	47
1.198	<293	2.66 × 10⁻¹³	3.99 × 10⁻¹⁴	19
1.198	>293	3.24 × 10⁻¹³	2.38 × 10⁻¹⁴	28
2.597	All	2.82 × 10⁻¹³	3.03 × 10⁻¹⁴	58
2.597	<293	2.76 × 10⁻¹³	3.43 × 10⁻¹⁴	29
2.597	>293	2.89 × 10⁻¹³	2.28 × 10⁻¹⁴	29
2-range	All	2.90 × 10⁻¹³	3.02 × 10⁻¹⁴	105
weighted	<293	2.78 × 10⁻¹³	3.65 × 10⁻¹⁴	48
average	>293	3.06 × 10⁻¹³	2.33 × 10⁻¹⁴	57

Range (km)	Focused/collimated aperture area ratio	Runs
0.587	5.56 ± 20%	2
1.198	3.52 ± 11%	11
2.597	1.00 ± 2%	25

	Effective aperture

Range (km)	Infinity focus (cm)	Range focus (cm)	Theoretical (cm)
0.587	12.8 ± 12%	25.7 ± 32%	37.8
1.198	14.6 ± 5%	24.8 ± 16%	24.7
2.597	15.5 ± 4%	15.5 ± 6%	15.5

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Applied Optics