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Energetic Relaxation of Anions in OLED Films Directly Observed by High Sensitivity Photoemission: Impact of Orientation Polarization on Electron Injection

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Abstract

OLED-related materials often show orientation polarization in evaporated films. High sensitivity photoemission revealed that these positive polarization charges energetically stabilize the anions. This indicates that orientation polarization is significant to improve electron injection.

© 2015 Optical Society of America

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