Abstract
A three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystal is an optical analogous of a semiconductor that is useful for controlling and manipulating the flow of light on a semiconductor chip. The realization of high efficiency sub-μA edge- emitting-lasers,1 high speed tera-Hertz optical switches and the routing of optical signal in all three-dimensions are but a few benefits of 3D photonic crystals.
© 1999 Optical Society of America
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