Abstract
The excess-spontaneous-emission factor (or excess-noise factor), first introduced by Peter-mann,1 quantifies the broadening of the linewidth of single-longitudinal-mode lasers and of the lasing spectrum of multimode lasers, caused by the nonorthogonal nature of the laser's transverse eigenmodes. The excess noise factor Kp can become sizable for lasers having a nonuniform gain medium in the transverse direction. The expression for Kp was previously derived1 for semiconductor lasers, wherein the transverse profile of the optical field is constant along the optical axis.
© 1991 Optical Society of America
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