Abstract
Recent progress in optical-fiber amplifiers has proportionately increased the optical power traveling through the optical fibers, and high-power transmission has induced nonlinear problems that result in the signal degradation. Optical-fiber amplifiers have also provided technology for realizing multigigabit, multithousand-kilometer transmission, but a problem of accumulated nonlinear effects, which has not been observed in past transmission systems, has appeared. The nonlinear effects observed in practical optical fibers are stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS), and phenomena induced by the optical-power-dependent refractive index, such as self-phase modulation (SPM), cross-phase modulation (XPM), and four-wave mixing (FWM). This paper reviews measurement techniques, especially for SBS and nonlinear refractive index, and describes countermeasures against these fiber nonlinearities from the standpoint of the transmission fibers.
© 1995 Optical Society of America
PDF ArticleMore Like This
Per Olof Hedekvist, Peter A. Andrekson, and Kent Bertilsson
WB1 Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 1995
M. E. Marhic, N. Kagi, T.-K. Chiang, and L. G. Kazovsky
NSaB3 Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications (NP) 1995
N. Yamada, M. Sawada, A. Wada, K. Takahashi, and R. Yamauchi
TuO5 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Pacific Rim (CLEO/PR) 1995